基础汽油对甲醇汽油气阻影响研究

针对甲醇汽油气阻问题，采用降低基础汽油的饱和蒸气压的方法，利用重化汽油饱和蒸气压较低的优势，将重化汽油与其它汽油复配研究。     

M15甲醇汽油高温气阻倾向研究

本文针对M15甲醇汽油夏季可能发生的高温气阻倾向,采用一种模拟实验方法,测定汽车使用不同气阻指数M15甲醇汽油发生高温气阻的临界环境温度,考察二者之间的关系。结果表明：气阻指数可以评价油品发生高温气阻的倾向,夏季使用气阻指数不大于100的M15甲醇汽油时,基本不会发生高温气阻。     

低比例甲醇汽油气阻研究进展

论述了低比例甲醇汽油气阻问题产生的原因及目前研究进展。结果表明：低比例甲醇汽油气阻是制约甲醇汽油推广的关键因素之一;目前解决气阻的途径有：催化改性;气阻指数和气阻温度控制;甲醇与汽油组分分子反应;基础汽油复配;添加气阻抑制剂等,各研究都在一定程度上解决了气阻问题。     

低比例甲醇汽油的蒸发性研究

对几种低比例的甲醇汽油的蒸发性进行了试验研究,结果表明,低比例甲醇汽油的蒸发性提高了,发动机的起动性、加速性和稳定性等均优于普通商用汽油,但是在使用中发生气阻的倾向性增大;甲醇汽油蒸发性增大的原因是甲醇和汽油中的某些组分形成了低沸点的共沸物。     

甲醇汽油互溶性影响的研究

本文分析了甲醇一汽油体系中水含量、温度、汽油组成等因素对其互溶性的影响，论述了助溶剂的作用机理与助溶剂的选择。水含量越高、温度越低则互溶性越差，反之亦然。醇类助溶剂助溶效果强于酯类、醚类等助溶剂，复配助溶剂助溶效果强于单组份助溶剂。     

甲醇、汽油及甲醇汽油作内燃机燃料的性质比较

以甲醇及甲醇汽油作为内燃机的替代燃料成为当前的研究热点。本文就甲醇和汽油的燃料性质作比较,还将汽油中添加甲醇后的性质与纯甲醇进行比较,并根据我国的情况对甲醇汽油的研究应用前景做出预测。     

甲醇汽油存在问题的探讨

本文结合甲醇汽油在国内的发展概况,详细论述了甲醇汽油在应用过程中存在的技术问题,并进行了原因分析。旨在为提高我国甲醇汽油的性能提供参考。     

甲醇汽油有关问题的探讨

重点研究了甲醇的性质，通过对我国近年来甲醇的生产、进出口及消费情况的调查，提出了我国发展甲醇工业的看法和建议。     

甲醇制汽油技术进展及其经济性

甲醇制汽油(MTG)工艺,因其生产的汽油无硫、高辛烷值等特点,作为汽油产品和成品油调配油而广受市场关注,并成为未来甲醇化工的主线之一。本文就甲醇制汽油(MTG)工艺技术及经济可行性做简要分析。     

甲醇汽油的腐蚀性和溶胀性研究

考察了不同配方甲醇汽油的腐蚀性与溶胀性,并对其存在的问题提出了对策。     

煤气燃烧对火焰高度影响的研究

焦炉立火道中煤气的燃烧过程属于扩散燃烧,扩散燃烧有利于焦饼高向加热的均匀性和降低能耗。文中计算了扩散燃烧的火焰高度,对焦炉使用高炉煤气与焦炉煤气加热及废气循环对火焰高度的影响进行了比较。同时还分析了影响火焰高度的因素和解决焦炉高向加热的措施。     

Study on the influence of SDS and THF on hydrate-based gas separation performance

Hydrate additives can be used to mitigate hydrate formation conditions, promote hydrate growth rate and improve separation efficiency. CO₂ + N₂ and CO₂ + CH₄ systems with presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) or tetrahydrofuran (THF) are studied to analyze the effect of hydrate additives on gas separation performance. The experiment results show that CO₂ can be selectively enriched in the hydrate phase. SDS can speed up the hydrate growth rate by facilitating gas molecules solubilization. When SDS concentration increases, split and loss fraction increase initially and then decrease slightly, resulting in a decreased separation factor. The optimum concentration of SDS exists at the range of 100–300 ppm. As THF can be easily encaged in hydrate cavities, hydrate formation condition can be mitigated greatly with its existence. Additionally, THF can also strengthen hydrate formation. The THF effect on separation performance is related to feed gas components. CO₂ occupies the small cavities of type II hydrate prior to N₂. But the competitiveness of CO₂ and CH₄ to occupy cavities are quite fair. The variations of split fraction, loss fraction and separation factor depend on the concentration of THF added. The work in this paper has a positive role in flue gas CO₂ capture and natural gas de-acidification.     

Homopolymer influence on micellar solutions of block copolymer

The influence of polystyrene on the formation of poly(styrene-b-ethylene/propylene) micelles in 5-methyl-2-hexanone was investigated. This solvent is selective for the polystyrene blocks. Static and dynamic light scattering and viscosity measurements were carried out to determine whether polystyrene chains in the micellar solutions cause any change in the thermodynamic functions of micellization or in the structural parameters of the micelles. Two homopolystyrenes of different molar mass were used at a concentration of 10⁻²g cm⁻³. Homopolystyrene seems to slightly favour micelle formation, the lower mass polystyrene having a larger effect. The polystyrene chains do not significantly affect the hydrodynamic size and molar mass of the poly(styrene-b-ethylene/propylene) micelles.     

甲醇-汽油混合体系性能及新型混合燃料的配制

甲醇与汽油的相溶性与基础油的组成、环境温度、甲醇添加量有很大关系。对比了甲醇与汽油的理化特性,以市售90#和93#汽油为基础油探讨了不同添加量甲醇对混合燃料稳定性的影响,甲醇的添加对燃料油馏程特性影响显著,添加量增大(10%～50%),低沸点馏分增多。以异辛烷、环己烷、环己烯、苯模拟汽油中的烷烃、烯烃、芳烃组分,分别绘制了与甲醇的双液系相图,测定了异辛烷、环己烷、环己烯、苯混合模拟汽油与不同掺比甲醇体系的初馏点,从理论上阐明了甲醇汽油混合燃料低沸点组分增加的原因。通过4种醇类添加剂对甲醇汽油混合体系性能进行改进,获得了低温稳定性好、基本符合商用汽油馏程特性的新型车用燃料。     

PBT-PTMG嵌段共聚酯的研究

对以对苯二甲酸二甲酯、1,4-丁二醇和四氢呋喃聚醚二元醇为原料,钛酸四丁酯为催化剂制备PBT—PTMG嵌段共聚酯的工艺方法进行了研究。制备了软硬段比不同的PBT—PTMG嵌段共聚酯切片,并对其性能进行了表征。其结果显示,PBT—PTMG嵌段共聚酯的密度和硬度都随PBT含量的增大而增大,吸水率随聚醚含量增大而增大;调节PBT-PTMG嵌段共聚酯的组成可以得到具有不同力学性能的产物,且具有良好韧性。     

Study of gas-liquid stirred reactor stability taking into account the temperature influence on gas solubility

The paper is devoted to the dynamic behavior and stability of gas-liquid stirred reactor taking into account the temperature influence on gas solubility. Since the rate of gas-liquid processes is very sensitive to concentration of gas reactant dissolved in liquid, even weak fluctuations of temperature can significantly influence on process pass. There are two cases of temperature influence on gas solubility are possible: (1) the solubility decreases with increasing temperature; (2) the solubility grows with increasing temperature. The first case is typical for majority of gases. The second case occurs more rarely but has a great practical importance. It takes place, for example, for the hydrogenation of many compounds in organic solvents (such as benzene, toluene, isopropyl alcohol and others). A model of gas-liquid process has been developed to demonstrate the stability of gas-liquid reactor. It has been shown that the gas solubility behavior has an influence on the form of heat production curve and therefore on the multiplicity of the steady states. The areas of multiplicity and limit cycles were found and the phenomenon of hysteresis in the reactor was shown. A criterion to determine whether the multiplicity is possible under the given conditions was found. By means of an analysis of a mathematical model the stability of steady states of the reactor was studied.     

膜厚扰动下的非线性效应对干气密封性能影响研究

基于气体润滑理论,建立了普通螺旋槽、上游泵送螺旋槽和双列螺旋槽三种典型螺旋槽干气密封（DGS）的稳、瞬态模型,采用有限差分法求解并获得了三种典型螺旋槽DGS的稳、瞬态密封性能参数。研究了三种典型螺旋槽DGS稳态性能差异的产生机理及不同膜厚扰动条件下干气密封瞬态性能的演变规律,定义了瞬态性能参数及其时间平均值相对稳态值的变化率,探究了膜厚扰动下的非线性效应对三种典型螺旋槽DGS瞬态性能的作用规律及稳态理论的适用范围。结果表明：上游泵送螺旋槽的开设对密封性有明显提升但对开启性有一定削弱;非线性效应的影响随膜厚扰动的增大而增大,在膜厚大幅扰动下,基于瞬态理论计算的密封性能参数平均值会明显大于稳态值,此时依靠稳态理论获得的计算结果误差较大;普通螺旋槽DGS受非线性因素的影响最小,在其稳态理论可接受的性能误差范围内,所允许的膜厚扰动相比另外两种螺旋槽DGS更大。     

煤气质量对甲醇生产的影响及解决措施

由于煤气质量不能满足甲醇生产的要求，我公司焦炉煤气制甲醇装置投产后，甲醇生产不稳定。通过技术改造，增加了电捕焦油器、低温水洗、栲胶脱硫、焦炭过滤器等煤气处理方式，提高了煤气质量，满足了甲醇生产的要求。