PVDF/PMMA/PEG型聚合物隔膜的制备

为提高锂离子电池聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)基聚合物隔膜对电解液体系的亲和性和导电性,引入聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)与聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)进行共混,并添加有机增塑剂聚乙二醇PEG-400对PVDF基聚合物隔膜进行改性研究。采用先干法后湿法的相转化方法制备PVDF/PMMA/PEG型聚合物隔膜。通过对制备的聚合物隔膜的孔隙率、吸液率、微观形貌和电化学性能的分析研究,确定制膜的最佳工艺条件为聚合物占溶剂质量百分比为8%,PVDF∶PMMA=7∶3,增塑剂含量为30%,非溶剂含量为3%,反应温度为45℃,在此最佳工艺条件下制备的PVDF/PMMA/PEG隔膜的离子电导率可达2.848 m S/cm,对电解液体系的亲和性和导电性得到显著提高。     

PVDF/PMMA blend pyroelectric thin films

This paper will present a complete manufacturing process for obtaining pyroelectric thin film sensors composed of a blend of PVDF and PMMA polymers. These sensors comprise a stack of metallic (Ti/Pt) electrodes around an active pyroelectric layer and are able to detect a temperature variation through the pyroelectric effect. Deposition is achieved with solution using a spin-coating and hot plate drying method. Addition of PMMA is a technique for promoting the crystallization of PVDF in the β phase, with one of the PVDF polymer chain conformations producing a ferroelectric behaviour. Analysis of the role of the solvent evaporation rate has been carried out with FTIR and indicates that low temperature evaporation (below 70 °C) leads to the presence of β phase in the material. Polarization curve measurement also indicates the ferroelectric behaviour of deposited layers. Finally a thermal transient response indicates a pyroelectric coefficient of 20 μC m⁻² K⁻¹ which is close to the bulk material value (27 μC m⁻² K⁻¹).     

Structure and properties of melt-processed PVDF/PMMA/polyaniline blends

Ternary blends composed of the matrix polymer poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with different proportions of thermally doped polyaniline (PAni) using an alkylated dopant (dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid) (DBSA) were prepared by melt mixing. The effectiveness of these blends was compared with the corresponding binary blends of PVDF or PMMA with PAni–DBSA complex. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements, thermal analysis by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and morphological studies by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were carried out to characterize the blends in light of the interactions between their components and on the resulting electrical conductivity. Though a notable dispersion of PAni–DBSA in the PMMA matrix was incurred along with better conductivity with respect to PVDF/PAni–DBSA and PVDF/PMMA/PAni–DBSA blends, the thin films based on PMMA/PAni–DBSA were found to be fragile in nature. However, the presence of PMMA in the ternary blends of PVDF/PMMA/PAni–DBSA provided improved dispersion of PAni–DBSA in the PVDF/PMMA host matrix as compared to PVDF/PAni–DBSA binary blends. An enhancement in the conductivity by about two orders of magnitude at >5 wt% PAni–DBSA was witnessed in the ternary blends than that of PVDF/PAni–DBSA binary blends. Thin films made of ternary blends of PVDF/PMMA/PAni–DBSA also offered superior mechanical properties and flexibility than that of PMMA/PAni–DBSA binary blends due to the contribution of PVDF in the blend.     

聚偏氟乙烯/聚氯乙烯相容性研究

采用溶解度参数法和混合焓变理论预测聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)／聚氯乙烯(PVC)共混体系为部分相容体系,并用共溶剂法、黏度法、微分扫描量热法判断聚偏氟乙烯／聚氯乙烯的相容性．结果表明:两者属于部分相容体系,与理论预测相符,为后续制备聚偏氟乙烯／聚氯乙烯纤维膜奠定理论基础．     

PVC/PVDF/PMMA共混膜的研制

采用剪切黏度法对聚氯乙烯(PVC)/聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)体系的相容性进行研究,结果表明,该体系为部分相容体系,在此基础上采用稀溶液黏度法对各共混配比的相容性进行预测.对相容性较好的PVC/PVDF/PMMA共混体系由相转化法制备共混膜,并用扫描电镜对共混膜的形态结构进行了观察.对共混膜的...     

聚偏氟乙烯/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯复合材料性能的研究

对PVDF/PMMA复合材料的力学性能和流动性进行了研究,对试样进行了加速老化实验,测试了试样的色差值。结果表明:PVDF和PMMA比例控制在75∶25时,力学性能较好;小分子助剂的添加起到分子内润滑剂的作用,能提高材料的熔融指数,提高流动性;随老化时间的增加,拉伸强度减小,色差值增大,且含GW770的试样色差值变化明显,老化6d就出现突变,之后变化平缓,所以后续不添加GW770。     

PVDF/PMMA/TiO2共混薄膜的耐候性能研究

将聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)与TiO2通过熔融共混制备成PVDF/PMMA/TiO2复合薄膜,在耐气候老化试验箱对复合薄膜进行老化,采用扫描电子显微镜、紫外/可见分光光度计、差示扫描量热仪和力学性能测试等方法研究了它的耐候性能.研究表明,PVDF与PMMA有良好的相容性,TiO2可以均匀的分散在基体中；经过长时间的老化,拉伸强度和断裂伸长有不同程度的下降,但依然具有较好的抗紫外性能和热性能.     

Preparation of PVDF/PMMA blend microporous membranes for lithium ion batteries via thermally induced phase separation process

Thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) process was employed to prepare microporous poly (vinylidene fluoride)/poly (methyl methacrylate) (PVDF/PMMA) blend membranes using sulfolane as the diluent. Then they were immersed in liquid electrolyte to form polymer electrolytes. The effect of PMMA on the morphology and the crystallinity of blend membranes was studied. It was found that phase separation between PVDF and PMMA occurred when PMMA content was 40 wt.%. The addition of PMMA increased porosity and decreased the crystallinity, which in turn enhanced electrolyte uptake of blend membrane and the ionic conductivity of corresponding polymer electrolyte. The maximum ionic conductivity was 2.45 × 10^− 3Scm^− 1 at 20 °C.     

Surface modification on PMMA : PVDF polyblend: hardening under chemical environment

The influence of chemical environment on polymers include the surface alteration as well as other deep modifications in surface layers. The surface hardening, as an effect of organic liquids on poly(methyl methacrylate): poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PMMA: PVDF), which is one of the few known miscible blends, has been detected using microhardness testing. Organic liquids like acetone, toluene, xylene and benzene were introduced on the surface of blend specimens for different durations. Vickers microhardness (H _v) was measured for treated and untreated specimens. The study reveals both hardening and plasticization of specimens at different exposure times. The degree of surface hardening is maximum under acetone treatment. All the specimens exhibit surface hardening at an exposure time of 1 h with all the four liquids. This feature is prominent with longer exposures for specimens with increasing content of PVDF. However, the degree of hardening decreases with the time of exposure in the respective environments. In general, acetone and toluene impart surface hardening, whereas, xylene and benzene soften the specimen. PMMA: PVDF (83 : 17) blend exhibits surface hardening under all the four treatments when compared with the respective untreated specimens.     

PVDF/PMMA共混挤出流延膜结构与性能研究

探讨了聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)共混挤出流延膜的结构和性能.研究结果表明:PMMA的加入能够大大改善其微观结构,不但使结晶度降低,而且红外分析(IR)和广角x射线衍射(WXRD)证实,其中部分α晶型能明显地转变成β晶型;TGA研究表明,共混体系的稳定性比纯粹的PMMA稳定性提高,但PVDF的热稳定性只有很少降低;流变性能研究显示,PMMA含量在很宽的范围内体系扭矩变化不大,为选择加工条件提供了依据;力学性能测试显示出共混膜具有很好的力学性能.PVDF/PMMA共混挤出膜被证明是一种很有前途的薄膜材料.     

Processability of PVDF/PMMA blends studied by torque rheometry

The processing characteristic of blends of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), in different compositions, were studied by torque rheometry. The polymers were mixed in a batch mixer in proportions of 20, 40, 60 and 80% by weight of PVDF, at 190 °C using rotor speeds of 30, 60 and 100 rpm. The results have shown that the increase of the PMMA content improved the processability of the blends, in spite of an increase of the activation energy of flow. Higher speeds of blending caused a reduction of the homogenization blending times of the blends. The PMMA processing at different speeds studied by parallel plate rheometer showed that a similar behavior and did not affect considerably the degradation of PMMA, according the Carreau model.     

PVDF/FEP共混物相容性与力学性能研究

将聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)与聚全氟乙丙烯(FEP)共混,考察了不同组成PVDF/FEP共混物的相容性、力学性能和微观形貌,并利用动态力学分析(DMA)和差示扫描量热法(DSC)对共混体系的相容性进行了分析.平衡扭矩测试结果表明,共混物组成对共混物的平衡扭矩影响较小.力学测试表明,与FEP相比,PVDF的冲击强度较低,而弹...     

Evaluation of thermal,mechanical, and electrical properties of PVDF/GNP binary and PVDF/PMMA/GNP ternary nanocomposites

Graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) was incorporated into poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and PVDF/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) blend to achieve binary and ternary nanocomposites. GNP was more randomly dispersed in binary composites compared with ternary composites. GNP exhibited higher nucleation efficiency for PVDF crystallization in ternary composites than in binary composites. GNP addition induced PVDF crystals with higher stability; however, PMMA imparted opposite effect. The binary composite exhibited lower thermal expansion value than PVDF; the value further declined (up to 28.5% drop) in the ternary composites. The storage modulus of binary and ternary composites increased to 23.1% and 53.9% (at 25 °C), respectively, compared with PVDF. Electrical percolation threshold between 1 phr and 2 phr GNP loading was identified for the two composite systems; the ternary composites exhibited lower electrical resistivity at identical GNP loadings. Rheological data confirmed that the formation of GNP (pseudo)network structure was assisted in the ternary system.     

PVDF/PVA共混膜的研究

采用湿法相转化法制备了聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)/聚乙烯醇(PVA)共混膜,研究了PVDF/PVA共混体系的相容性,并讨论了PVDF/PVA共混比、固含量、添加剂浓度、凝固条件与后处理对膜结构及性能的影响.结果表明,PVDF/PVA为不相容体系,在成膜过程中产生界面微孔;随PVA含量增加,PVDF/PVA共混膜水通量先增大后减小,在PVDF/PVA为8/2时呈较大值,截留率变化趋势则相反;PVA的存在明显改善了PVDF/PVA共混膜的亲水性,表现为随其含量增加共混膜接触角明显减小;随固含量增加,膜厚度增加,孔隙率降低,水通量减小,截留率升高;添加剂PEG600浓度为6%时,孔隙率高,水通量大,但截留率低;凝固浴种类直接影响膜结构及性能;热处理可完善膜结构从而获得性能更优的膜.选择适当的铸膜条件可制成较好的膜产品,而且共混膜通量明显大于各组分通量的加权,表明共混是一种改善PVDF膜性能的有效方法.     

Preparation and investigation of PVDF/PMMA/TiO2 composite film

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)/Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) composite, and its films was prepared and studied in detail. The structure, morphology, crystalline behavior, thermal, and mechanical properties of PVDF/PMMA/TiO₂ film were investigated through FT-IR/ATR, SEM, XRD, DSC, TGA, and Py-GC/MS, respectively. The results showed that the blended material and its film have favorable thermal and mechanical properties. The TiO₂ particles finely dispersed in the composite featured by crystalline regions of PVDF and homogeneous amorphous regions consisted of PVDF and PMMA, resulting in an advantageous properties and improvement of tensile strength and elongation at break of the PVDF/PMMA film. However, the TiO₂ can greatly narrow the thermally stable margin of PVDF in PVDF/PMMA/TiO₂ composite for at least 100 °C with catalysis decomposition effect.     

Surface modification of polyvinyl chloride towards blood compatibility

The surface modification of medical grade polyvinylchloride (pvc) from various sources with the ionic bonding of polyelectrolyte is investigated by exposing thepvc sheets to 1% zephiran chloride for 10 min and then to 50 mg% solution of polyelectrolyte for 10 min. Surface energy and platelet adhesion studies were carried out to demonstrate the suitability of our improved surface towards blood compatibility. Relative changes due toγ-irradiation are also discussed.     

PVDF/PMMA/CA共混膜的制备及性能研究

主要讨论了PVDF(聚偏氟乙烯)／PMMA(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)／CA(醋酸纤维素)三元共混膜的制备及性能,并研究了影响膜性能的主要因素．正交实验结果表明：在PVDF／PMMA／CA体系中,PVDF同亲水性物质PMMA和CA的共混比是影响共混膜的水通量的首要因素;而PMMA与CA的共混比则对共混膜强度影响最大,当PMMA与CA的质量共混比为1：1时,膜强度最大;PMMA对膜的亲水性有较大的贡献,共混膜中只要有PMMA加入,其润湿角就变得同纯PMMA膜的润湿角相接近,通过采用红外衰减全反射法和干膜撕裂法,分别从微观和宏观上证明了PVDF／PMMA/CA气制膜体系在自来水中将会发生分层凝胶现象;综合考虑膜的各种性能,针对PVDF／PMMA／CA体系,较佳的制膜条件定为A883C2D12,也就是PVDF/CA/PMMA的质量共混比为12：2：1,以质量溶剂比为8：2的二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)／冰乙酸混合溶剂溶解,制得的膜的性能较好．     

用正交设计研究PVDF/PVC/PMMA共混中空纤维膜

制备了PVDF(聚偏氟乙烯)/PVC(聚氯乙烯)/PMMA(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)三元共混中空纤维膜,讨论了影响膜性能的主要因素.正交实验结果表明:在PVDF/PVC/PMMA体系中,聚合物总浓度是影响膜的水通量的主要因素;PVDF浓度对膜强度影响最大;PMMA对膜的亲水性有较大的贡献.得到优化的制膜条件为:铸膜液中PVDF∶PVC∶PMMA=7∶1.2∶1.8(质量比),聚合物溶质的总质量分数为17%;添加剂吐温-80的质量分数为6%.     

用正交设计研究PVDF印VC／PMMA共混中空纤维膜

制备了PVDF（聚偏氟乙烯）／PVC（聚氯乙烯）／PMMA（聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯）三元共混中空纤维膜，讨论了影响膜性能的主要因素．正交实验结果表明：在PVDF／PVC／PMMA体系中，聚合物总浓度是影响膜的水通量的主要因素；PVDF浓度对膜强度影响最大；PMMA对膜的亲水性有较大的贡献．得到优化的制膜条件为：铸膜液中PVDF：PVC：PMMA=7：1．2：1．8（质量比），聚合物溶质的总质量分数为17％；添加剂吐温-80的质量分数为6％．     

KNN/PVDF纳米复合膜的制备及介电性能研究

采用聚合物前驱体法合成了K0.5Na0.5Nb O3(KNN)纳米粉体。X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析表明,制备出的KNN粉体为单一的纯钙钛矿结构,并且其晶粒尺寸在15~25 nm之间。采用溶液混合法制备了KNN/聚偏氟乙烯(KNN/PVDF)纳米复合膜,研究了KNN纳米粉体的含量对复合膜微观形貌和介电性能的影响。结果表明,KNN纳米粉体均匀地分散在聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)基体中,KNN/PVDF复合膜材料的介电常数和介电损耗均随着KNN含量的增加而增加。在1 k Hz下,当KNN质量分数为20%时,复合膜的介电性能较为优越,其介电常数为29.9,介电损耗为0.053。