A new analytical approach in modeling of multi-loop feed-forward linearized microwave power amplifiers

Feed-forward is one of the main methods for linearization of microwave power amplifiers. Although the complexity of the system is increased, the level of inter-modulation rejection (IMR) of a feed-forward system can be improved using a multi-loop configuration. Predicting the IMR of such a system is of prime importance. A new analytical approach in modeling a multi-loop feed-forward system for predicting the linearization performance of the system is presented. The first loop of the multi-loop system is substituted by an equivalent amplifier model and then the reduced system as a new feed-forward system is evaluated. The predicted IMR values are verified using the ADS simulator and a MATLAB program.     

The application of automatic gain control to microwave radiometers

An automatic gain control system for stabilizing the gain of microwave radiometers is described. System analysis sets forth the requirements for gain and bandwidth of the AGC loop. Two systems are described. One is a continuous AGC system that maintains a constant detector voltage and, as a result, the system gain is a function of the input signal. For input signals which are small compared to the system noise temperatures the nonlinearity due to the AGC system is negligible. In the second system, the output of the detector is sampled when the receiver comparison switch is connected to the reference termination. Therefore, the gain of the system is not affected by the signal and no nonlinearity is caused by the AGC system. The effect of noise in the AGC loop is analyzed and it is shown that the time constant of the AGC system can be made shorter than the final system output filter without increasing the over-all system noise.     

Protection System Reliability Modeling: Unreadiness Probability and Mean Duration of Undetected Faults

A reliability model of a system and its associated protection system is described. The protection system detects the presence of faults and isolates the faulted equipment so as to prevent damage and minimize the effect of the faulted equipment on the operation of the rest of the system. If the protection system does not respond and the faulted component is not disconnected, a backup protection system comes into operation. The backup operation isolates a larger segment and disturbs the system more than if the designated protection system had responded appropriately. An example is the protective relay systems for electric power transmission and distribution systems. A measure of system unreadiness is defined and suitable expressions are derived for this index and the mean duration of undetected faults. The unreadiness probability is sensitive not only to the failure rate of the protection system but also to the failure rate of the system, the pdf of interval between inspections and its mean value. The unreadiness probability estimated from a given system cannot be used for another system having a similar protection system. The protection system failure rate can, however, be used to obtain the unreadiness probability.     

Standby redundancy at system and component levels—a comparison

This note compares the lifetime of a series and a parallel system when standby redundancy is provided at system and component level. The system lifetime is longer when standby redundancy is added at the component level for a series system whereas in the parallel system, standby redundancy at the system level is more efficient.     

跳时脉冲位置键控系统与PCM-FM系统共存性能分析

针对遥测频谱资源紧张的问题,提出跳时脉冲位置键控系统与PCM-FM系统同频段共存的设想。PCM-FM连续波系统平均功率较低,对跳时脉冲位置键控系统可看作热噪声。跳时脉冲位置键控系统瞬时脉冲功率高,但脉冲持续时间短,在脉冲持续时间以外功率为零,PCM-FM接收机通过限幅处理可降低脉冲信号对接收解调性能的影响。分析了两种系统同频段共存条件下跳时脉冲位置键控系统的误比特性能,分别在不同信号功率比、不同脉冲重复次数条件下进行了仿真。分析与仿真结果表明,跳时脉冲位置键控系统与PCM-FM系统可以同频段共存,并给出了误比特性能与信号功率比、脉冲重复次数之间的关系。     

A fully distributed location registration strategy for universalpersonal communication systems

The universal personal communication system (UPCS) is a system that enables anyone to communicate instantly with anyone else anywhere in the world. One of the crucial problems of such a system is locating hundreds of millions of moving portables in an efficient manner. The location registration strategy described is able to locate active portables automatically in the system with a small overhead in a distributed fashion. The system knows the exact position of an active portable in its service areas. The connection is set up by the system directly to its destination using the direct (shortest) path. The system capacity, efficiency, and inquiry time delay have been improved greatly compared to the leading existing techniques. It is shown that in the proposed system, the maximum database size is 0.51% and the database updating cost is 6.86% of that needed by a central database system under a specified scenario     

A novel chip-interleaving DS SS system

This paper proposes a chip-interleaving direct-sequence (DS) spread-spectrum (SS) system. Its performance is analyzed under ON-OFF wide-band jamming, and closed-form bit error rate (BER) performances of two special cases of the system are obtained. The behavior of the system under tone interference is also studied. The average signal-to-noise ratio of the system is given as a function of tone interference frequency, and the system BER performance under harmonic tone jamming is then investigated. The system is compared with a conventional system using numerical examples     

LabVIEW与MATLAB在伺服系统中的应用研究

研究了一种新的伺服系统实物仿真的实现方法，给出了相应的仿真系统体系结构。在虚拟仪器系统开发平台——LabVIEW上编制友好的人机交互界面及数据采集；利用MATLAB中丰富的控制系统工具箱和仿真功能，进行控制算法仿真，并通过LabVIEW的MATLAB Script节点将MATLAB中编制的控制算法直接移植，实现伺服系统实物仿真。     

基于串联网络的快速研制系统性能分析

快速研制系统是一种先进的研制系统,其产生时间短、研究费用高,如何建模与仿真是一个值得重视的问题。由于当前多样化的需求,研制系统需要进行大量的工作,但是资源有限,研制过程中针对核心资源的竞争很激烈。进行了快速研制系统的串联网络建模。在求解中对系统进行了分解。并简化了求解过程。     

基于PTR6000的足球机器人无线通信系统的设计

无线通信系统是足球机器人闭环控制系统的一个重要组成部分,上位机与机器人小车的通信通过无线通信模块来实现。提出一种基于PTR6000的足球机器人无线通信系统方案,包括发射器和接收器的硬件和软件的设计及实现,有效地提高了通信系统的性能,为足球机器人系统提供了一个高效可靠的通信平台。     

浅谈图书自动贴标机现状及发展趋势

贴标机包括图书输送系统、提供标签系统、贴标系统以及控制系统。其中，图书输送系统由步进电机驱动的传送带实现。提供标签系统可以利用小型步进电机对图书的底纸施加作用力。贴标系统由贴标头、齿轮齿条机构、小型电机组成，贴标头安装在齿条的一端，通过步进电机驱动齿轮，使贴标头做上下直线运动，实现对图书粘贴标签的目的。控制系统的核心硬件是西门子PLC，整个系统的每一个电机以及真空发生装置的启动时间、运行速度以及移动距离都由PLC控制，PLC的使用使整个贴标机的贴标过程更加精确。     

Statistical multiplexing with a variable number of servers

A statistical multiplexing system that varies dynamically between a single-server system and an m-server system is analyzed. It is shown that the system has the same mean response time as a single-server system and that it betters the mean waiting time of an m-server system.     

基于TPM的可信集群系统设计与实现

集群系统既有分布式系统的特点,又有单一系统的特征。由于传统集群计算节点缺少可信计算平台的支持,集群作为一个单一的系统缺少可信安全技术的支持。作为一个分布式系统,其可信安全机制和信任链传递机制又很不同于单机系统。在TCG可信计算的规范和可信链的基础之上,提出了可信集群的构架,构建了基于TPM的可信集群,实现了基于可信集群架构的可信集群系统。针对集群中的应用,对所实现的可信集群系统如何解决集群中的可信安全问题作了探讨和研究。     

基于SIP协议的视频会议系统

在简单介绍SIP协议和分析SIP的特点的基础上,详细说明一个基于SIP协议的视频会议系统实现以及视频会议系统的流程中SIP的实际作用。本系统采用会议管理系统和会议控制系统分离方案,这不仅降低了系统设计的复杂性,而且优化了该系统在实际应用中的扩展性,为SIP多媒体会议应用进一步的推广、开发提供了建议。     

平板电封装工程中的凸点实现及其在紫外焦平面成像阵列中的应用

紫外焦平面成像系统主要用以观测日光下高压输电系统的电晕放电现象。焦平面成像系统主要由信号采集系统、控制系统、信号处理系统和信号存储系统构成,再加上后端的显示器件,就可以完成视频信号的采集、处理、运算、传输和显示等功能。本文在设计紫外焦平面成像系统的时候,参考了发展相对成熟的非制冷型红外焦平面成像系统的技术结构。为了将采集图像的焦平面探测阵列与后端的电路系统连接起来,关键技术是以凸点制作为基础的倒装焊技术。由于焦平面探测阵列的引出点阵的密集性,最好采用性能指标较好的光刻结合电镀的倒装焊工艺。为了保证焊接过程不影响紫外探测元件的性能,凸点材料选择了焊点较低的软金属In,并介绍了这种焊点的制作工艺。     

三代半航空电子系统核心处理技术研究

集中控制和综合处理技术已广泛应用于现代军用航空电子系统,综合处理机作为航空电子系统控制和管理的计算机信息处理平台,其开放式系统结构、综合处理技术及可靠性将是系统设计的关键。介绍了一种高性能机载核心处理计算机系统。根据航空电子系统功能需求,进行了综合化、层次化结构设计,并对该系统的重构管理、综合显示管理和告警管理等关键技术进行了研究分析,同时给出了合理的解决方案。航空电子系统综合试验表明,核心处理机性能先进,可靠性高,并极大地改善和提高了航空电子系统的整体性能。     

基于自由曲面双波段离轴三反光学系统的优化设计

在航空遥感领域中,双波段光学系统是最具代表性的光学系统。与单一波段光学系统相比,双波段系统可以同时探测到背景信号和目标信号,从而获得更准确的信息。采用离轴反射系统这一方案与折射系统相比,在满足更长焦距的同时,又能实现光学系统小型化的目标。本文提出一种基于自由曲面的反射系统作为设计蓝本,能够获得如下优点:视场角更大,光路容易折叠,系统成像质量高,能够达到高分辨率成像以及系统的轻量化设计。本文采用动态光学理论对系统初始结构进行求解并通过对系统元件的倾斜与偏移计算获得离轴系统,系统引入自由曲面获得更加优质的成像质量。系统参数如下:焦距为2000 mm,相对孔径为1/2,视场角为6°×1°,工作波段为3~5 μm与8~12 μm,选用法国Sofradir公司生产的红外双色焦平面阵列非制冷型探测器;设计结果表明,加入自由曲面后系统的成像质量得到了明显改善,系统在整个工作波段内MTF值在14 lp≥0.3。     

A digital video system for the CATV industry

A ditigal pulse code modulator (PCM) system is proposed to implement long-haul video system for the CATV industry. A comparison is made between PCM system and wide-band FM system in terms of repeaterability versus additional occupied signal bandwidth. This is followed by a noise analysis of coaxial cable to determine the correct PCM format and bit information rate. An 80- megabit system is selected, which uses an 8-bit code in a four-level, eight-level, eight-level pulse sequence per video sample. The selected PCM system is then evaluated for its performance on both a long-haul cable system and a long-haul microwave system. Performance calculations are made on a 500-mile cable system in terms of error rate and its related video signal-to-noise ratio. Repeater spacings are computad for various configurations, including the replacement of the digital regenerators with analog amplifiers. Additional performance calculations are then made on a 3000-mile microwave system, including the effect of simultaneous Rayleigh fading.     

Design and Application of Amplitude-Locked Loop Separation System Based on SignalWAVe

In this paper, we adopt concepts from the SignalWAVe development platform for the multi-speech signal separation system of a frequency modulation system. The signal separation system is formed using a phase-locked loop in combination with an amplitude-locked loop (ALL) and is modeled using a digital finite-impulse response (FIR) filtering algorithm. Therein, the objective is to improve the signal distortion of co-channel interferences and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). In comparison to a traditional separation system, the ALL is achieved in the monitored system and in signal interception applications with a characteristic analysis based on the power spectrum density. The field programmable gate array (FPGA) design platform has the advantages of flow simplicity, easy reconfiguration, and high compatibility for verification. The design system is operated in real time and is implemented in the system model using various chip designs. The FPGA is implemented system as a system on a chip for high efficiency. According to the simulated performances under an applied AWGN channel, the ALL system in combination with a digital FIR filter achieves prefect performance. The SignalWAVe verification system was also implemented on the chip by building, verifying programs, and implemented communication functions for practical application in the industry.     

System Reliability of a Limited-Flow Network in Multicommodity Case

Network analysis is an important approach to model real-world systems. System reliability, and system unreliability are two related performance indices useful to measure the quality level of a supply-demand system. For a binary-state network without flow, the system unreliability is the probability that the system can not connect the source and the sink. Extending to a limited-flow network in the single-commodity case, the arc capacity is stochastic, and the system capacity (i.e. the maximum flow) is not a fixed number. The system unreliability for (d+1), the probability that the upper bound of the system capacity equals d, can be computed in terms of upper boundary points. An upper boundary point is the maximal system state such that the system fulfills the demand. This paper concentrates on a multicommodity limited-flow network (MLFN) in which multicommodity are transmitted through unreliable nodes and arcs. Nevertheless, the system capacity is not suitable to be treated as the maximal sum of the commodity because each commodity consumes the capacity differently. We define the system capacity as a demand vector if the system fulfills at most such a demand vector. The main problem of this paper is to measure the quality level of a MLFN. We propose a new performance index, the probability that the upper bound of the system capacity equals the demand vector subject to the budget constraint, to evaluate the quality level of a MLFN. A branch-and-bound algorithm based on minimal cuts is presented to generate all upper boundary points in order to compute the performance index. The computational complexity of the proposed algorithm is analyzed