高强钢板热冲压成形热力耦合数值模拟

为研究高强钢板的热冲压成形性,采用ABAQUS软件对高温下22MnB5高强钢板沟槽形件冲压成形进行了数值模拟研究.建立了基于热力耦合的弹塑性有限元模型和热成形下的材料模型,通过对沟槽形件热成形进行数值模拟,考察了压边力、模具间隙和凹模圆角半径等工艺参数对热成形时温度分布和回弹的影响,给出了热成形中产生回弹的机理,确定了合适的工艺参数,通过热成形试验验证了数值结果的可靠性.     

高强钢TRB高温下热流变特性

为了准确仿真高强钢板热冲压成形过程,获得高强钢高温下的材料本构关系模型,利用Gleeble3500热模拟试验机在不同温度和应变速率下对不同厚度的高强钢B1500HS钢板进行了单向拉伸试验,获得各种工艺条件下的应力-应变曲线,并基于变形抗力数学模型,引入板材厚度参数,通过最小二乘法进行数据拟合获得高强钢TRB高温下的材料本构关系.利用试验结果对本构关系模型进行的拟合验证表明,拟合程度较好,说明建立的材料本构关系能很好地描述高强钢TRB在高温下的应力-应变关系.     

高强度钢-普通钢拼焊板热冲压成形机理研究

目的 研究高强度钢-普通钢拼焊板热冲压成形机理.方法 对高强度22MnB5钢-Q235钢拼焊板高温力学性能及U形热弯曲件的微观组织和力学性能进行实验研究,对高温下拼焊板协调变形进行数值分析,研究拼焊板高温力学性能和热弯曲件微观组织、力学性能的影响机制及拼焊板热变形协调机制.结果 焊缝与拉伸方向平行时,800℃下拼焊板伸...     

高强度钢板U形件热冲压凹模结构拓扑优化

为降低热冲压凹模的生产成本和使用成本,基于板料热冲压数值模拟对凹模结构进行了拓扑优化设计.运用有限元软件ABAQUS建立热力耦合有限元模型,对高强钢板U形件的热冲压成形和淬火过程进行了数值仿真.提取凹模与板料间关键工况下接触应力作为凹模拓扑优化的外在载荷,建立约束凹模结构关键区域节点位移的体积最小化拓扑模型,对热冲压凹模结构进行拓扑优化设计,最终实现结构减重20%,且优化后凹模的变形和应力与优化前的结果相差甚微.研究内容对热冲压过程数值模拟和模具结构拓扑优化研究具有一定参考价值.     

热镀锌钢板表面润滑处理及其摩擦特性

模具与冲压件间的摩擦磨损性能极大地影响冲压件的质量。为了提高汽车用热镀锌钢板的冲压成形性能,采用含多种无机离子的润滑剂对热镀锌钢板表面进行润滑处理。通过摩擦因数测量和拉深试验方法分别研究了热镀锌钢板的表面摩擦特性与冲压成形性能。结果表明:经无机润滑处理的热镀锌钢板表面摩擦因数明显降低、具有良好的表面润滑性能与稳定的摩擦特性;拉深试验时其最大拉深力下降、最大拉深杯体高度增大,即钢板的冲压成形性能得到了提高。     

铜钢复合板弯片成形数值模拟与成形试验

铜钢复合钢板HALF弯片弯曲半径小,冲压成形变形量大,易出现复合界面开裂、脱层问题.采用ABAQUS三维有限元软件对HALF弯片热成形过程进行数值模拟,分析了600℃、700℃、800℃、900℃成形温度下弯片应力、弯片厚度及复合界面选定点应力,并进行了铜钢复合板HALF弯片热成形试验,测定复合界面结合率与剪切强度.结...     

AZ31B镁合金板材冲压性能的实验研究

系统地研究了AZ31B镁合金板材的冲压性能.通过室温和中高温拉伸实验研究了AZ31B镁合金板材的基本冲压性能,如σb、σs、σs/σb、σ、n、γ和△γ等性能指标;通过模拟成形实验研究了杯突值、弯曲性能、拉深性能、扩孔性能以及成形极限图FLD等,为制定冲压成形工艺提供参考依据.研究表明,AZ31B镁合金板材的冲压性能室温下较低而中高温则较好.     

高强度汽车钢板冲压成形的主要问题及模具对策

目的研究汽车行业高强度钢板冲压成形时,开裂等缺陷的解决方法。方法通过分析高强度钢板在冲压成形过程中存在的主要问题的根源,应用板料成形CAE分析软件Dynaform对其成形工艺进行了分析与优化。结果确定了优化后的工艺参数和模具结构,结合模具调试实际,提出了高强度钢板冲压成形问题的模具设计和调试解决对策。结论通过CAE分析优化设计,以及模具调试的钳工精细化和TD处理,可以改善开裂、回弹等高强度钢板普遍存在的冲压成形缺陷。     

高强钢板冲压成形的回弹规律与工艺参数研究

高强钢板冲压成形的回弹问题在很大程度上制约了其深入应用,合理的工艺是减少回弹的关键和有效途径之一.建立了曲面扁壳件冲压成形的有限元模型,基于正交试验法研究了工艺参数,包括压边力、摩擦系数、板厚以及拉深筋的布置方式对回弹的影响规律,采用普通钢板和高强钢板分别进行了冲压成形实验,并与数值模拟结果进行对比.结果表明,高强钢板冲压成形的回弹较大,但通过合理的压边力和拉深筋布置方式可以实现高强钢板冲压成形回弹的有效控制.     

汽车用先进高强钢的应用现状和发展方向

阐述了先进高强钢板汽车零部件在减重、安全方面的优势,介绍了先进高强钢在汽车工业的应用现状,简单阐述了先进高强钢的成形工艺——热冲压成形工艺研究,指出了先进高强钢热冲压成形过程中遇到的主要问题,探讨了先进高强钢未来的发展趋势。     

Formability analysis of thin press hardening steel sheets under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions

Aiming at the enhancement of the lightweight potential of press hardening steels, investigations on the formability of thin, boron alloyed, hot dip aluminized steel sheets are carried out. The material formability is described through Forming Limit Diagram (FLD), determined by means of Nakajima formability test of thin 22MnB5 sheets (0.50 mm, 0.80 mm, 1.25 mm) at elevated temperatures. The influence of sheet thickness on forming limits is evaluated under both isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. The effect of different deformation start temperatures is examined. The non-isothermal behavior is further investigated via microstructural analysis and a study on temperature profile during Nakajima test. The results show a significant difference regarding the influence of sheet thickness under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. Increasing the sheet thickness results, as expected, in higher forming limits for isothermal conditions, whereas for non-isothermal conditions the opposite effect on formability is observed. The obtained Forming Limit Curves (FLCs) are validated through hot stamping simulation and subsequent analysis of different thin components, concluding that in case of thin sheets the isothermal FLC constitutes a more conservative approach, while the non-isothermal one reaches the formability limits with higher accuracy.     

Semi-hot Stamping as an Improved Process of Hot Stamping

Reducing the forming load,deletion of springback,increasing the formability of sheets as well as producing high strength parts are the main reasons to apply hot stamping process.Hot stamping process and 22MnB5 steels are the state of the art process and grades,respectively;however novel processes and steel grades are under considerations.In the current research,behavior of the steel grade MSW1200 blanks under semi and fully hot stamping processes was characterized.During semi-hot stamping process,the blank was firstly heated to a temperature of about 650℃ and then formed and quenched in the die assembly,simultaneously.Microstructure and mechanical properties of semi and fully hot stamped blanks were studied and the results were compared with those of normally water/air quenched blanks.The hot stamped blanks attained the strength values as high as water quenched blanks.The highest ductility and consequently,the best formability were achieved for the blank which had been semi-hot stamped.It was concluded that for the mentioned steel,semi-hot stamping process could be considered as an improved thermo-mechanical process which not only guaranteed a high formability,but also led to ultra high strength values.     

Phase transformations in a simulated hot stamping process of the boron bearing steel

A hot stamping process was experimentally simulated by a hot deformation dilatometer to investigate phase transformations and final properties of 22MnB5 boron\bearing steel. For this purpose, the phase fraction in the microstructure of boron bearing steel with and without hot deformation was evaluated. The results showed that mechanical stabilization of austenite during the deformation process led to decreased amount of military phases while bainite and reconstructive transformations, especially ferrite were promoted. But, when there was no martensite in the final microstructure, the effect of deformation on ferrite formation was negligible. Also, due to deformation, total hardness was decreased in cooling rates of higher than 6 °C/s. But, on the contrary, in cooling rates of lower than 6 °C/s, remarkably reverse results were achieved. Finally, the CCT and DCCT diagrams of elaborated steel were constructed.     

高强度钢板热成形温度场数值模拟分析

高强度钢板热成形过程中,板料和模具于接触表面具有强烈的热传导现象。温度的不断变化将直接影响热成形钢板的最终成形性能和水冷模具的寿命。基于此,该文建立了板料与水冷模具间相互耦合的接触表面热传导模型,并运用传热学和一般壳体温度场有限元分析理论,构建了计算热成形过程板料和模具接触的温度分布场。通过U形件热成形数值模拟与实验结果的一致性对比,验证了建立的热传导模型的有效性。     

汽车覆盖件用 5 B003 A 板拉伸实验及成形性的有限元分析

目的研究汽车车身用5B003A板的成形性能。方法在进行单轴拉伸试验的基础上,利用软件eta/DYNAFORM模拟了板成形极限曲线、破裂点应变路径、圆筒拉深过程,并进行了相应变形参数的优化。结果 5B003A板单向拉伸和有限元模拟均出现"交叉颈缩"现象,并且在与轧制呈45°角方向上的冲压性能优于0°和90°方向;5B003A板成形极限破裂点的应变路径漂移倾向较明显,双拉区中均呈ε2=const的应变状态;在与拱顶高实验相近变形条件下,优化得到最佳凸模圆角半径为20 mm时,与极限拉深系数0.43对应的无凸缘拉深的最大板坯尺寸为233 mm,相应最佳压料力为68 kN。结论 5B003A板在45°方向上有较好的冲压性能,且凸模圆角半径、板坯直径、压料力等工艺参数对其拉深成形性能影响较大。     

电流辅助高强钢板热成形工艺数值模拟研究

目的探究电流辅助高强钢板热成形工艺中坯料自阻加热的加热机理,揭示电一热一力三场耦合条件下金属板材的塑形变形规律,为工艺方案及工艺参数的制定提供理论依据。方法利用FEM软件对电流辅助高强钢板的热成形过程进行了数值模拟研究。结果获得了通电加热时坯料的温度场,并通过热一力耦合分析,得到了板材热成形时的应力及应变的分布规律。结论采用该加热方式可极大地提高加热速率,经过几十秒的加热即在变形坯料上获得了较均匀的温度场,满足板材热成形要求。应力、应变分析表明,加热时产生的压应力缓解了坯料变形时的应力集中,有助于板料塑性成形。     

Numerical simulation of hot stamping of quenchable boron steel

Quenchable boron steel is a new type of ultra-high-strength steel used for automotive parts to reduce the weight of automobiles and maintain the safety requirements. On the basis of experimental data of mechanics and thermal physical properties, a material model under hot stamping condition of quenchable steel was set up, and the numerical simulation to the whole hot stamping process of hot forming, quenching and spring-back of bending parts was made with ABAQUS software. The results show that the springback of hot stamping parts increases when the blank-holder force (BHF) decreases; and it increases when the clearance between punch and dies increases and when the die radius increases. The simulation results are basically in agreement with experimental results.     

可淬火硼钢板热冲压成形实验研究

为研究淬火加热温度、保温时间及冷却水流速等热冲压工艺参数对热冲压零件力学性能及微观组织的影响规律,通过在不同工艺参数条件下进行弯曲件热冲压工艺试验,测量弯曲件的力学性能并观察其金相组织.结果表明,在所设计的模具上可实现高强硼钢热成形零件的有效淬火,热冲压弯曲件的抗拉强度可达到1500MPa以上,主要形成均匀细小的马氏体组织.确定了热冲压工艺参数的选择范围.     

工艺参数对热冲压成型钢组织性能及硼偏聚的影响

通过Gleeble1500热/力模拟实验机对轧后含硼钢板进行了热冲压过程模拟,分析了各种热处理条件对含硼钢组织性能的影响,并采用X射线衍射技术和径迹照相技术分析了硼的偏聚和硼相析出情况。研究结果表明:提高加热温度或延长保温时间,可促进钢的奥氏体化和硼的偏聚。通过偏聚合适含量的硼,能够很好地起到提高淬透性作用,使材料得到全部马氏体组织。热冲压成型过程中的变形破碎了奥氏体组织,促进相变,更易获得细小的马氏体组织。当冷却速度不高时,钢中"硼相"会沿晶界连续析出,从而降低了硼钢的淬透性。