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微通道中液氮的流动沸腾——换热特性分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
对微通道中液氮流动沸腾换热特性进行试验研究和分析。给出典型的沸腾曲线,分析壁温、干度和换热系数沿微通道管程的变化规律,考察热流密度、质量流量和压力对流动沸腾换热的影响。将126个试验数据点与四个换热关联式比较,并对微通道中流动沸腾换热机理进行分析。结果表明,在多数情况下干度和热流密度对沸腾换热系数的影响较小,换热系数主要决定于质量流量和压力,随两者增加而增加,换热以对流蒸发为主导机理。KLIMENKO关联式预测效果最好,TRAN微通道关联式次之,对常规管道得到广泛使用的CHEN关联式和SHAH关联式都远远高估了试验值。基于两相流压降和换热特性分析,推知微通道中的两相流流型不同于常规管道:在低干度情况下,流型以弥散泡状流为主;而在高干度情况下,流型以由雾状汽芯和不规则液膜组成的环状流为主。 相似文献
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三、强制对流换热 1.矩形通道电子元件可以由单相强制对流来进行冷却,但其冷却效果,根据其与底板的固定方式(埋入或凸起)会有所不同,而且,根据其强化传热的方式,其结果也不一样,一般情况下,元件安装固定于矩形通道的壁面上,由于元件长度规格的多样化,使传热条件显得较复杂。 1)干装热源平装热源的强制对流换热的早期实验研究是由Baker完成的,他考虑到硅油和R—113平行流过小片状热源时,单相强制对流换热系数随着表面积的减小会明显增加,且会超过核沸腾以及基于二维边界层理论的计算结果,对流强化是由于小型加热元件引起的三维流动而产生的。 相似文献
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建立了再循环重力供液制冷系统可视化试验台,在不同工况下对制冷系统进行实验研究,观察玻璃蒸发管内制冷剂的沸腾换热流动状态,研究分析重力供液蒸发器的传热特性。试验表明:再循环重力供液蒸发器内,制冷剂的沸腾换热出现了气泡流、气塞流、气弹流、分层流、波状分层流等流型。通过编程计算得到,经过修正的J.Chawla关联式和Kandlikar关系式分别在低温及高温工况下对沸腾换热系数有较好的预测,计算结果与试验值的偏差均在12.5%以内,采用两种关联式相结合的方法能较好地对重力供液蒸发器管内沸腾换热进行预测。 相似文献
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以Gungor和Winterton管内强制对流沸腾的通用关联式为基础,编制了计算程序,用当地传热系数对生产冷媒水的蒸发器的传热性能进行了模拟计算,理论计算值与试验结果吻合良好。 相似文献
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机械密封对流传热系数数值研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
考虑动环、静环之间的摩擦生热,采用SSTk-ω湍流模型,对接触式机械密封腔内流体的对流换热进行数值研究,并采用基于SIMPLEC方法的有限体积法进行数值求解。结合流场分布特点,利用局部Nu数和平均Nu数分析动环、静环表面的对流换热性能。结果表明:静环表面对流换热系数的变化规律与动环转速和冲洗量之间的相对大小有关;动环表面的对流换热系数则主要与转速相关;采用不同模型得到的动环表面平均Nu数关联式在低Re数时差别不大,但高Re数下基于机械密封结构模型的关联式较基于圆筒模型的关联式适用性更好。 相似文献
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管带式换热器空气侧传热传质与阻力性能的准则关联式 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
报道了管带式换热器空气侧换热及阻力性能的实验结果,给出了计算空气侧换热系数、析湿系数与流动阻力的准则关联式。这些公式的可信度较高,可在工程设计中应用。 相似文献
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Forced convective boiling heat transfer coefficients were predicted for an annular flow inside a horizontal tube for pure
refrigerants and nonazeotropic binary refrigerant mixtures. The heat transfer coefficients were calculated based on the turbulent
temperature profile in liquid film and vapor core considering the composition difference in vapor and liquid phases, and the
nonlinearity in mixing rules for the calculation of mixture properties. The heat transfer coefficients of pure refrigerants
were estimated within a standard deviation of 14% compared with available experimental data. For nonazeotropic binary refrigerant
mixtures, prediction of the heat transfer coefficients was made with a standard deviation of 18%. The heat transfer coefficients
of refrigerant mixtures were lower than linearly interpolated values calculated from the heat transfer coefficients of pure
refrigerants. This degradation was represented by several factors such as the difference between the liquid and the overall
compositions, the conductivity ratio and the viscosity ratio of both components in refrigerant mixtures. The temperature change
due to the concentration gradient was a major factor for the heat transfer degradation and the mass flux itself at the interface
had a minor effect. 相似文献
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Jae-Ho Hong Cheon-Ho Park Ho-Young Kwak 《Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology》1998,12(3):493-503
An experimental study was carried out on convective boiling heat transfer for mixtures of R11 and R113 flowing in a uniformly heated vertical tube by measuring the wall and bulk temperatures, and the results were compared with an existing correlation. A reduction of the average heat transfer coefficient for mixtures was verified for flow boiling. It was observed that two kinds of boiling behavior existed depending on mass flux. It was also found that the Chen's correlation was particularly successful for the case of high mass rate flow in which convective boiling prevailed. However in the case of low mass rate flow where nucleate boiling was dominant, the Chen's correlation was found to be inappropriate. Mass transfer resistance in the liquid film played a vital role for determining the heat transfer coefficient of refrigerant mixtures. It has been also found that the equilibrium assumption was hardly applicable to the convective boiling phenomena. 相似文献
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R410A作为一种替代制冷剂,已经大量用在工业生产中。R410A制冷系统的设计和研发需要进行R410A管内流动沸腾换热计算。目前有很多公式预测两相流流动沸腾换热系数,它们对R410A的适应性需要判断。本文从10篇论文中收集了1268组R410A流动沸腾传热实验数据,用这些数据对27个两相流流动沸腾换热关系式进行了评价,选出了较为精确的R410A管内流动沸腾换热关系式,为R410A管内流动沸腾换热计算的公式选择提供了依据,为提出精确度更高的R410A管内流动沸腾公式提供了参考。 相似文献
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The study focuses on the heat transfer performance of two-phase closed thermosyphons with plain copper tube and tubes having
50, 60, 70, 80, 90 internal grooves. Three different working fluids (distilled water, methanol, ethanol) are used with various
volumetric liquid fill charge ratio from 10 to 40%. Additional experimental parameters such as operating temperature and inclination
angle of zero to 90 degrees are used for the comparison of heat transfer performance of the thermosyphon. Condensation and
boiling heat transfer coefficients, heat flux are obtained using experimental data for each case of specific parameter. The
experimental results are assessed and compared with existing correlations. The results show that working fluids, liquid fill
charge ratio, number of grooves and inclination angle are very important factors for the operation of thermosyphons. The relatively
high rate of heat transfer is achieved when the thermosyphon with internal grooves is used compared to that with plain tube.
The optimum liquid fill charge ratio for the best heat transfer performance lies between 25% and 30%. The range of the optimum
inclination angle for this study is 20°-30° from the horizontal position. 相似文献
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The characteristics of the two-phase flow heat transfer of R-134a in microtubes with inner diameters of 430 μm and 792 μm
were experimentally investigated. The effect of the heat flux on the heat transfer coefficient for microtubes was significant
before the transition quality. The boiling number expressed the interrelation between the heat flux and the mass about the
heat transfer coefficients. The smaller microtube had greater heat transfer coefficients; the average heat transfer coefficient
for the tube A (D
i
= 430 μm) was 47.0% greater than that for the tube B (D
i
= 792 μm) at G = 370 kg/m2·s and q″ = 20 kW·m2. A new correlation for the evaporative heat transfer coefficients in microtubes was developed by considering the following
factors: the laminar flow heat transfer coefficient of liquid-phase flow, the enhancement factor of the convective heat transfer,
and the nucleate boiling correction factor. The correlation developed in present study predicted the experimental heat transfer
coefficients within an absolute average deviation of 8.4%. 相似文献