有效微震信号自动识别技术研究

拾取微地震信号到时对事件定位研究至关重要,传统方法直接拾取所有采集信号到时后,再通过人工手动判别出微地震事件,工作量大且效率低。针对这一问题,提出了一种自动识别有效微震信号方法——能量极值法(Energy Extreme Value,EEV)。通过移动时窗计算信号能量比Ratio变化曲线,分析不同信号的区别,提出在Ratio变化曲线上寻找与右侧点之间的偏差大于临界值Diff的特征极值点作为判别条件,研究分析了该方法的主要影响因素为移动时窗长度M和临界值Diff,并优化确定了最佳参数。采用MATLAB对冬瓜山铜矿采集的实际信号数据进行分析处理,结果表明:该算法能够精确识别噪声和微地震信号,与人工手动判别结果对比,准确率达96%以上,极大地缩短了数据处理时间,提高了工作效率,对微震信号处理具有重要的指导意义。     

基于双谱的噪声信号检测

传统的功率谱分析方法不能提供信号的高阶统计信息,在信号检测中无法有效地抑制噪声.本文根据高阶谱对高斯噪声是零响应的这一特性,提出了一种基于双谱的信号检测方法.通过实验仿真.结果表明:无论是对混有随机噪声还是高斯噪声的信号,在低信噪比的情况下,该方法均可获得比传统FFT方法更好的检测效果.     

用小波和高斯频谱合成方法对美国GDP进行分析模拟

用小波方法对美国季度GDP时间序列进行了波动成分分解,以此来分析美国经济波动的特点,然后根据经济周期理论,将波动周期小于一年的噪声波动成分分解出来.将该噪声波动看成是一个平稳随机过程,并用高斯频谱合成方法(GSSM)对该噪声波动进行模拟,从而得到美国经济波动的正常波动区间.     

欠阻尼二阶线性系统中的随机共振及其抑噪应用

在乘性噪声背景下,研究欠阻尼二阶线性系统中的随机共振及其抑噪应用.当二阶线性系统的阻尼系数和固有频率均受高斯白噪声干扰下,欠阻尼二阶线性系统中存在随机共振现象.研究表明,该系统的平均输出幅度增益呈现非单调变化,不仅在一定条件下大于无噪声时的增益,而且调节适当的系统参数和噪声强度能够提高幅度增益.因而只要使系统处于共振区域,就会使夹杂在噪声中的被测信号突现出来,从而实现弱信号的检测.因而,采用可视化仿真软件SIMULINK对此进行了实例模拟.仿真证实该方法检测弱信号的可行性和有效性.     

一种基于互相关函数的小波系数相关阈值去噪方法

针对传统的小波系数相关去噪方法中,在对含噪信号进行小波变换后,各尺度上的小波系数会产生微小偏移的问题,提出了一种基于互相关函数的小波系数相关去噪方法.采用互相关算法,计算各个尺度与原始含噪信号产生的偏移量,再把偏移后的尺度进行相关分析,得出准确的突变信号;为了去除信号突变附近附带的少量噪声信号,再采用临界阈值去噪方法对相关分析后的尺度信号进行阈值处理,最后经过信号重构可以得到精确的有用信号.     

超宽带脉冲穿墙雷达互相关BP成像

根据超宽带脉冲穿墙雷达目标回波信号与发射信号具有较强相关性的特点,提出一种新的互相关后向投影(BP)成像算法,该算法将沿天线合成孔径方向各接收阵元的回波信号与发射信号先进行互相关,将获得的互相关信号再利用BP算法进行相干成像.与回波信号进行直接BP成像相比,该算法具有消除脉冲建立时间对回波延迟时间估计误差的影响,提高目标成像的位置精度;能有效抑制背景噪声,提高图像信噪比.利用时域有限差分(FDTD)方法对穿墙场景进行电磁仿真,通过对成像方法结果的比较,表明互相关BP成像算法在成像位置精度和图像信噪比方面明显优越于直接BP成像算法.     

一类分数阶超混沌系统及其在扩频通信中的应用

提出了一类新的四维分数阶超混沌系统,对其动力学特性进行了理论分析和数值模拟.通过Lyapunov指数谱和分岔图分析了系统对阶次变化的敏感性.当微分阶次连续变化时,系统既存在混沌特性又存在周期特性.然后根据分数阶超混沌系统同步及扩频通信理论,提出了一个扩频通信方案.该方案使用混沌信号序列作为直接扩频通信系统的扩频地址码,用于替换传统的码分多址(CDMA)通信系统中的伪随机序列(PN序列).最后,基于该分数阶超混沌系统设计一个扩频通信电路,在Multisim平台上验证了该方案的有效性和可行性.      

数字高斯白噪声的频域和时域特性分析

分析了数字高斯白噪声在频域的频谱特性和在时间域的统计特性,提出在数字处理速度一定时,随着输出噪声频域带宽的增加,输出噪声的时间统计特性不再符合高斯分布.通过增加滤波器阶数可以提高噪声的时间统计特性,但是将增加输出噪声的带内波动.通过计算机仿真验证了上述的理论分析,并给出了频域和时域特性都满足相应要求的带宽范围实验值.     

基于PEMD-MPE算法的露天矿爆破振动信号降噪方法

为了去除露天矿山爆破振动信号中混入的噪声成分,提出了一种基于PEMD-MPE算法的降噪方法。该算法通过自适应性正交经验模态分解（PEMD）得到完全正交的本征模态函数（IMF）分量,然后对各个IMF分量进行多尺度排列熵（MPE）的随机性检测,成功确定其中的噪声分量并将其去除。采用该算法对实测的露天矿山爆破振动信号进行降噪处理。结果表明：相比EMD-MPE和EEMD-MPE算法,PEMD-MPE算法的信噪比分别提高了3.520 dB和1.107 dB,且重构标准差和均方根误差最小,说明该算法不仅能够有效去除爆破振动信号中的噪声成分,还能有效保留真实信号。     

基于哈达玛变换的LTE辅同步信号检测方法实现研究

针对LTE系统中辅同步信号检测算法复杂度大的问题,根据辅同步信号的特点,提出了基于哈达玛变换的检测方法.详细推导了该方法的理论依据,并对其实现复杂度与常规检测方法进行分析比较,得出本方法能够降低90%计算量的结论.通过MATLAB仿真,验证了本方法在白噪声环境下能够和常规检测方法获得相同的检测性能.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)