海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷贝西地区南屯组层序地层特征

应用沉积学和层序地层学的原理和方法,利用地震、钻井、岩心等资料,结合盆地区域构造演化特征,建立了海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷贝西地区南屯组层序地层格架,将南屯组划分为1个超层序、4个三级层序、11个体系域.在层序格架内共识别出扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲、湖底扇、湖泊4种主要沉积相类型及8种亚相类型.南屯组沉积时期区内经历了初始沉降一快速沉降一沉降减弱一萎缩的构造演化过程,并形成与其对应的4个三级层序:SQ1沉积时期,研究区为分割的断陷盆地,湖盆规模较小,主要发育扇(辫状河)三角洲;SQ2沉积时期,湖盆规模迅速增大,统一的湖盆基本形成,沉积格局与SQ1时期相似·但有所不同的是区内西南缘出现物源供给,形成扇三角洲沉积;SQ3沉积时期,湖盆规模最大,区内各个物源方向的扇(辫状河)三角洲沉积规模明显减小,湖底扇及滑塌浊积体等重力流深水沉积相对发育;SQ4沉积时期,湖盆萎缩,湖盆规模迅速减小,同时东南部物源供给不足,造成东南部辫状河三角洲沉积几乎消失.生储盖组合及成藏条件综合分析表明:SQ2、SQ3低位体系域及高位体系域发育优质储层,并由于紧邻规模较大的烃源岩,在邻近断裂发育地区易形成断块圈闭及断背斜圈闭;在斜坡地区和缓坡带可形成不整合面作为遮挡的不整合-岩性圈闭及以各类砂体作为储集空间的地层超覆圈闭.     

下刚果盆地A区块中新统高精度层序划分与储层综合评价

对下刚果盆地研究工区进行高精度层序划分及深水沉积储层精细研究,通过高分辨率三维地震资料和钻测井资料,对深水水道储层进行精细的描述,可以得到如下认识:1)将研究区三级层序划分为2个体系域:下部的异地沉积体系域和上部的原地沉积体系域;2)运用多属性分析方法确定砂体发育区,沿层相干切片技术、RMS均方根振幅属性技术、三维可视化种子点技术、确定性储层建模技术、神经网络储层建模技术综合刻画水道边界,追踪不同期次的水道砂体,预测有利储层平面分布,对重点目标区储层分布进行了宏观预测。     

曙光-雷家地区隐蔽油气藏及其成藏动力学特征

为深化辽河西部凹陷曙光-雷家地区隐蔽油气藏勘探,根据油气勘探研究成果,结合隐蔽油气藏的分类,将研究区的隐蔽油气藏划分为前新生代潜山油气藏和古近系特殊岩性体油气藏两类.其中:前新生代潜山油气藏包括太古宇潜山油气藏,中、上元古界潜山油气藏及中生界潜山油气藏;古近系特殊岩性体油气藏包括碳酸盐岩油气藏,火山角砾岩油气藏及玄武岩油气藏.在综合研究曙光-雷家地区的地质背景、油气成藏条件及成藏过程的基础上,认为该区具有形成隐蔽油气藏优越的地质条件,如多期的构造运动、复杂的构造背景、充足的油源条件、封闭性良好的盖层和畅通、多样的油气疏导体系等.基于成藏动力学系统理论,探讨了隐蔽油气藏的动力学特征,确定古近东特殊岩性体油气藏属于自源封闭型成藏动力学系统,前新生代潜山油气藏属于它源半封闭型成藏动力学系统.研究结果表明,这两类隐蔽油气藏具有匹配良好的生烃、储层、盖层、圈闭、运移、聚集的石油地质动力学特征.     

西湖凹陷古近系矿层的地质背景及成矿特征

西湖凹陷是东海陆架盆地的重要勘探区域,古近系是研究区重要的地层,也是烃源岩主要的发育层位。西湖凹陷已证实有丰富的矿物储层。本文通过对西湖凹陷古近系矿层的物理性质、化学性质等分析得出,西湖凹陷古近系矿层具有较高的开发潜力,具有多个有利的矿藏勘探领域,是我国能源开采的重点区域,对促进我国经济发展有着重要的意义。     

鄂尔多斯盆地西北部盒8段浅水三角洲砂体成因及分布模式

鄂尔多斯盆地西北部下石盒子组盒8段(简称:盒8段),整体具有构造稳定、沉降缓慢、盆大、坡缓、水浅、源多的特点,广泛发育缓坡型浅水辫状河三角洲沉积.运用地层过程-响应沉积动力学原理和高分辨率层序地层学的理论及方法,对该类三角洲砂体的成因与组合类型进行了探讨.该时期砂体明显受基准面升降旋回过程中可容纳空同和沉积物补给通量比值变化的控制,可划分为进积型、加积型.进积型主要由高能削截武河道砂体、低能削截式河道砂体、残缺式埙上河砂体构成;加积型则主要由低能削截武河道砂体、完整式河道砂体、下残式坝上河砂体构成.结合砂体的时空展布规律,建立了缓坡型浅水辫状河三角洲砂体成因分布模式.层序界面上的高能河道砂体富集岩性油气藏,勘探潜力大.     

塔南凹陷东部构造带南屯组储层宏观非均质性对油气分布的影响

塔南凹陷东部构造带南屯组地层主要发育近岸水下扇沉积,局部发育三角洲沉积.复杂的沉积充填样式塑造了本区复杂的岩性油藏.在细分地层单元内对储层岩性、物性、含油性统计分析的基础上,优选多种储层非均质性分类方案,结合砂体成因、叠置样式、平面展布特征以及渗透率韵律性等方面的分析,按照层间、平面、层内3个层次对储层宏观非均质性进行了解剖分析.结果表明:层序旋回对储层垂向岩性、物性的变化具有控制作用;凝灰质的发育对南屯组储层具有破坏作用,影响油气的运聚;水下分流沟道及河道砂是油气聚集的主要砂体类型;水下扇中扇是油气主要聚集区带.     

鄂尔多斯盆地靖安油田岩性地层油藏成藏分析

鄂尔多斯盆地靖安油田是我国典型的岩性地层油藏,其特点是构造简单、低孔、低渗、非均质性强.岩性油藏主要受构造沉积环境、烃源岩发育范围和区域盖层等因素控制.烃源岩是岩性油气藏形成的物质基础,沉积环境对岩性地层圈闭具有控制作用,盖层控制岩性油藏发育的规模.该区有3种成藏模式,构造-岩性油藏主要分布于洼陷带,砂岩透镜体、砂岩上倾尖灭油藏多分布于缓坡带和背斜带的翼部.     

贵州泥堡卡林型金矿断控型矿体的地层和岩性条件研究

贵州泥堡卡林型金矿是黔西南碳酸盐岩台地相区首次发现的大型断控型矿床,其主要控制因素除断层之外,地层和岩性也是不可忽视的重要因素。岩石学研究表明：断控型矿体的主要赋矿围岩是含钙质（沉）火山角砾凝灰岩,而不是前人认为的砾屑砂岩;具有块状构造的（沉）火山角砾凝灰岩在构造作用下裂隙发育,岩石孔隙度明显增高,热液作用下易形成厚度大且品位高的断控型金矿体。同时,根据含矿岩石主要含火山成分的特点,认为这套地层应该划归为二叠系峨眉山玄武岩组,而不是前人划分的龙潭组。含钙质（沉）火山角砾凝灰岩和二叠系峨眉山玄武岩组分别是形成断控型矿体的重要岩性和地层条件。提出在碳酸盐岩相区寻找类似泥堡金矿的断控型矿体时,除了考虑断层外,还要考虑是否有合适的地层和有利的赋矿岩性。     

黑龙江双城地区FI油层组有利储层预测研究

通过砂体厚度及物性分布、砂体属性预测及反演等方法对双城地区FI油层组进行有利储层预测。所得出的结果为:FI的3个油层组中,FI3油层组砂体较为发育,FI2油层组砂体最不发育,FI1油层组砂体呈条带状展布。3个油层组均属于低孔低渗储层,但FI3油层组砂体发育最好,埋深相对较浅,物性最好。根据均方根振幅属性得到分流河道发育区分布的范围。确定了波阻抗、电阻率、伽马为主要反演参数。通过孔隙度、平均孔隙半径、排驱压力和含油产状这4种参数划分两类有利储层,并对每一个油层组进行了分类预测。研究结果表明:王府凹陷中心区域的有利储层仍然可以作为后期的重要勘探领域。     

温米退积型与进积型浅水辫状河三角洲沉积模式

不同类型辫状河三角洲的成因分析是预测剩余油分布及制定合理开发政策的基础.岩石地球化学及成因地层分析表明.温米油田三间房组是在气候干燥的淡水湖盆长期基准面旋回内的退积型和进积型浅水辫状河三角洲沉积.应用精细成因地层对比方法建立三间房组单砂层成因地层格架.基于单分流河道识别:退积型辨状河三角洲规模小,分流河道宽深比30～58,平面形态纵向由枝状向指状演化,发育CSm→MSp-1→FSh→FSp-h→FStr→FSp-h→Fr较细岩石相组合;进积型辫状河三角洲规模相对较大.分流河道宽深比53～108,平面形态纵向呈指状-枝状一片状演化.发育SCm→GCSm→CStr→FSp-h→FSp-l较粗岩石相组合.湖底坡折带发育小型河口坝,水气交替注入能较大幅度提高这类油藏的采收率.     

重庆高校推进产学研合作的案例分析

以重庆大学、重庆邮电大学和重庆理工大学为例,剖析重庆高校推进产学研合作的基本模式,已经取得的突出成绩,分析总结其基本经验.从完善政策法规体系、强化经济调控、建立组织机构、加强中介建设及开展国际产学研合作等方面,提出了深入推进重庆高校产学研合作的对策建议.     

Benzimidazole resistance in cyathostomes in horses in the Ukraine

The efficacy of treatment with cambendazole was tested in 1-year-old horses on a farm in Dubrovka, Ukraine. Thirty-five horses were treated. Their egg output was compared on the day of treatment and 14 days later with that of 33 untreated horses. Before treatment the mean number of eggs g-1 faeces was 614 in the controls and 766 in horses that had been treated. After 14 days the mean egg output in the controls was 580 and in the treated horses 369. This means a reduction of 54.5%. Only cyathostome larvae could be cultured from faeces collected after treatment. It can be concluded that benzimidazole resistance in cyathostomes is present in the Ukraine.     

Heatstroke in runners in Oklahoma

It is a common opinion that general surgery is the first step for whoever approaches a surgical discipline, and that whoever practices training in general surgery should learn the rudiments of each surgical branch. The role of microsurgery in the training of the general surgeon has not been well-established. Clinical applications of microsurgery in general surgery are few and are rarely required, and have been connected strictly to restricted indications. However, we think that microsurgery could be very useful to the general surgeon because it allows the execution of experimental research on rats, the only possibility permitted by law. In these studies the microsurgeon can perform many times and in a short time the same surgical operation, thus improving his skill, and easily getting familiarity with surgical instruments and sutures.     

Fractures in childhood in Khartoum

A prospective study of fractures in 231 children received at Khartoum North Teaching Hospital(KNTH) was carried out for a period of six months. The incidence of child fracture rated as one per day, then it increased from the age of 5 years onwards in boys and between 6 and 8 years in girls. Most injuries were sustained during the day time, especially between late afternoon and sunset. 82% of injured children presented to a medical facility, while 18% were taken to native healers first. Non-road traffic accidents accounted for 84% of the fractures mainly due to sports, domestic injuries and falls; whereas road traffic accidents were 16% and occurred mainly in pedestrians. Forty three percent of the fractures needed only first aid and splintage while 42% needed closed reduction. Thirty one percent of all patients were treated as inpatients. The long bones were affected in 91% of all fractures, the commonest site being the distal end of the forearm (26%), followed by supracondylar fracture of the humerus (15.6%). In the upper limb, left-sided fractures predominated. The epiphyseal injuries were 3.5% of all fractures, mainly at the distal radial epiphysis. Boys were commonly affected between 13-15 years of age. Open fractures constituted 9.8% of the series and were mainly due to traffic accidents in town dwellers, the most vulnerable bones were those of the leg and foot. Pathological fractures accounted for 2.2% and were due to bone cysts and osteogenesis imperfecta. The problem of child safety and the preventive measures need to be more stressed.     

Apoptosis in experimental myocardial infarction in situ and in the perfused heart in vitro

We report the appearance of apoptotic cells in experimental myocardial infarction (rabbit heart) in in situ and in vitro preparations. Apoptosis was recognized by intravital staining with Hoechst 33342 (Ho342), by nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and by DNA laddering. A steady rise in the relative number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes (apoptotic index) was noted in in situ preparations. Apoptosis was first noted 6 h after the onset of ischemia with its highest value occurring after 72 h. Apoptotic nuclei were absent in remote areas of the left and right ventricles. Apoptotic nuclei within the infarcted area showed diminished intensity of Ho342 fluorescence. Three days after ischemia, a border zone adjacent to the infarcted area consisting of apoptotic macrophages was recognized. A novel finding was the appearance of apoptotic cardiomyocytes in the isolated perfused ischemic heart. Occurring as early as 50 min after the onset of ischemia, a high apoptotic index was present adjacent to the ligature placed around the coronary artery. This observation provides the opportunity to selectively examine factors leading to apoptosis in the ischemic heart under controlled experimental conditions.