气体-溶液-固体法制备铜基Cu（OH）2纳米带阵列

文章报道一种新的Cu（OH）2纳米带阵列合成方法,即气体-溶液-固体法。这种方法主要特点是把铜片置于氨水的液面上,使铜片基板表面有氧气、氨水和铜参与反应,最终在铜片基板上生长出Cu（OH）2纳米带阵列。Cu（OH）2纳米带的尺寸可以通过控制氨水的浓度进行调节,即氨水浓度降低,Cu（OH）2纳米带的尺寸也变小了;而且Cu（OH）2在一定温度下可以脱水转变成为CuO纳米带;最后研究了Cu（OH）2和CuO纳米带阵列的生长机理。     

一种含席夫碱结构的表面活性剂与Cu2+配合的稳定性及抗菌性

用可见分光光度法测定了一种含席夫碱结构的表面活性剂及其Cu2+配合物的吸收光谱,其配位稳定常数β在25℃、0.01mol/L硼砂作缓冲溶液时为1.91×108;合成了配合物并用浓度稀释法研究了该配合物的抗菌性.实验结果说明该表面活性剂具有较强的络合铜离子能力,并形成稳定的配合物.该铜配合物对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念珠菌都有一定的抗菌能力.     

Cu2+/ZnO-蒙脱石抗菌材料的制备及抑菌活性研究

以Cu(NO3)2、ZnCl2、NaOH为主要原料,蒙脱石(MMT)作为载体,制备Cu2+/ZnO-MMT抗菌材料,并对其结构、表面性质和抑菌性能进行表征.结果表明,Cu2+/ZnO-MMT对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均具有较强的抑菌活性.以大肠杆菌为试验菌种,研究了所制材料的杀菌机理,首先大肠杆菌被吸附到蒙脱石表面,然后细菌细胞质膜被所载的Cu2+和ZnO损伤,使胞内溶物外流,最终细菌死亡.     

Polyetheretherketone/Nano-Ag-TiO2 composite with mechanical properties and antibacterial activity

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is of interest because of its excellent biocompatibility. However, the lack of antimicrobial activity of PEEK limits its use in clinical applications. Silver-loaded nano titanium dioxide (Nano-Ag-TiO₂)/PEEK composites with different mass fractions (1, 2, 3, and 4 wt%) were prepared by hot compression molding to achieve better mechanical and antimicrobial properties. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) showed that Nano-Ag-TiO₂ successfully modified PEEK. The contact angle of Nano-Ag-TiO₂/PEEK increased compared to PEEK (p < 0.01). The flexural strength, compressive strength, and Vickers hardness of Nano-Ag-TiO₂/PEEK composites first increased and then decreased. When the Nano-Ag-TiO₂ content is 3 wt%, the flexural strength of Nano-Ag-TiO₂/PEEK composite reaches its maximum, which is 171.19 MPa; the compressive strength reaches the maximum, which is 24.7% higher than that of pure PEEK specimens; the Vickers hardness of Nano-Ag-TiO₂/PEEK composite reaches its maximum, which is 19.84% higher than that of pure PEEK specimens. The in vitro antibacterial evaluation reveals that all Nano-Ag-TiO₂/PEEK samples exhibited good resistance and anti-adhesive properties against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). This finding suggests that the 3 wt% Nano-Ag-TiO₂/PEEK composite has better mechanical properties and antimicrobial ability, which is promising for dental applications.     

Cu2+/Tb2O3抗菌硅胶的制备及其抗菌行为

以硅酸钠为硅源,运用溶胶-凝胶法制备出硅胶载体,采用液相浸渍法制备得到Cu²⁺/Tb₂O₃抗菌硅胶。选用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）和X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）等对材料进行表征,结果表明：Cu²⁺/Tb₂O₃抗菌硅胶结构蓬松多孔,铜以CuO/Cu(OH)₂、铽以Tb₂O₃的形态负载于硅胶载体上。对样品进行最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最小杀菌浓度（MBC）检测可知,添加稀土铽离子能有效提高抗菌硅胶的抑菌和杀菌性能。通过对材料的溶出液离子含量、比表面积和CuO晶粒尺寸研究发现,添加铽离子后材料中铜离子的溶出量从7.22mg/L增加到11.82mg/L,比表面积从115.5m²/g增加到129.3m²/g,CuO晶粒尺寸从107nm降低至76nm,并由此探讨铽离子对材料抗菌性能提升的作用机理。     

Fabrication and characterization of TiO2/poly(dimethyl siloxane) composite fibers with thermal and mechanical stability

The mechanical stability of titania (TiO₂) nanofibers was improved by fabricating TiO₂/poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) composite fibers using a combination of hybrid electrospinning and sol‐gel methods, followed by heat treatment at 250°C for 3 h. The compositions (90/10, 80/20, and 70/30, w/w) of the TiO₂/PDMS composite fibers were varied by adjusting the flow rate of the PDMS sol with the flow rate of TiO₂ sol fixed. There was no significant change in morphology and average diameter of the as‐spun TiO₂/PDMS fibers after heat treatment. Both the tensile strength and modulus of the TiO₂/PDMS composite fibers increased gradually with increasing PDMS content up to 30 wt %. In addition, from the photo‐degradation reaction of methylene blue, the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂/PDMS composite fibers was strongly dependent on the TiO₂ content (%) in the composite fibers. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Facile Preparation of AP/Cu(OH)2 Core‐Shell Nanocomposites and Its Thermal Decomposition Behavior

Ammonium perchlorate (AP)/Cu(OH)₂ core‐shell nanocomposites were successfully synthesized using a facile ultrasonic assisted‐coprecipitation synthesis route. The obtained AP/Cu(OH)₂ nanocomposites were characterized by means of powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Its thermal decomposition was studied under the non‐isothermal conditions with thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimeter (TG‐DSC) techniques. In this procedure, SEM and TEM observations revealed that Cu(OH)₂ nanoparticles with an average size of 10–15 nm were uniformly deposited on the surface of AP particles. Detailed characterization results indicated that the existence of evidence of Cu(OH)₂. As expected, it was found that the AP/Cu(OH)₂ nanocomposites with mass fraction of 2 wt % Cu(OH)₂ remarkably decreased the peak temperature of high temperature decomposition of AP by 80.2 °C from approximately 441.3 °C to 361.1 °C. As compared with pure AP, the AP/Cu(OH)₂ nanocomposites show lower impact and friction sensitivity. These results may lead to potential applications of the AP/Cu(OH)₂ nanocomposites in the composite solid propellants for accelerating the thermal decomposition of AP.     

缓释技术合成纳米氧化亚铜及光催化性能研究

以硝酸铜为原料,乙二胺和氢氧化钠为络合剂,葡萄糖为还原剂,通过缓慢释放还原法制备纳米氧化亚铜。用X射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM）对样品组织结构进行表征。以亚甲基蓝的光催化降解为探针反应,评价纳米氧化亚铜的可见光催化活性。结果表明,在硝酸铜浓度为0.35 mol/L、硝酸铜与葡萄糖物质的量比为1∶0.54条件下,可制得纳米氧化亚铜,平均粒径约29 nm。在纳米氧化亚铜投入量为0.4 g/L时,亚甲基蓝光催化降解率可达100%。     

Au/TiO2复合物的制备、表征及其增强光催化灭菌活性

为提升TiO₂光催化活性克服其可见光响应能力差的问题,采用沉积-沉淀法制备了Au/TiO₂复合物光催化剂,利用X射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、紫外-可见漫反射光谱（UV-vis DRS）、荧光发射光谱等对样品进行了表征。XRD、FTIR和XPS结果表明,Au/TiO₂中TiO₂为锐钛矿相且Au成功沉积至TiO₂。UV-vis DRS和荧光发射光谱结果表明,适量Au修饰不仅能提高TiO₂对可见光的吸收,还可促进TiO₂光生电子-空穴对分离,有利于增强其光催化活性。自由基捕获实验证实,形成?OH的数量与光照时间成正比且?OH生成量越多,光催化活性越高。对比考察了Au/TiO₂和TiO₂在氙灯光源照射下对大肠杆菌的光催化杀灭作用,并探讨了Au负载量、光照时间、光照强度、光催化剂浓度等因素对灭菌性能的影响。结果表明：Au/TiO₂的光催化灭菌活性优于TiO₂,且与光照时间和光照强度均成正比;Au的适宜负载量为3%（质量分数）;3%Au/TiO₂在光照时间60min、光照强度7mW/cm²、光催化剂浓度100μg/mL的条件下,对大肠杆菌的杀灭效率高达91.3%。     

芘-邻香兰素类Cu(II)荧光传感器的制备及其性能

采用芘为荧光基团、肼为连接臂,根据席夫碱反应,制备芘-邻香兰素类Cu(II)荧光传感器（TM）,其结构经熔点、1HNMR、13CNMR、IR、MS和元素分析表征。TM在乙腈体系中对Cu(II)有很好的紫外、荧光和比色响应,响应时间为12 min,不受其他金属离子干扰且对Cu(II)的识别可视、可逆。通过荧光滴定法计算出TM对Cu(II)的检出限为0.48 μmol/L。TM具有桔黄色的固体荧光,但其乙腈溶液荧光很弱,通过对比加水或Cu(II)的荧光强度,结合紫外和荧光滴定以及量子化学计算,探讨了TM的聚集诱导发光（AIE）识别机理。TM可用于自来水中Cu(II)的检测,回收率为91.2%~107.3%,相对误差为6.3%~8.8%。高选择性和对Cu(II)的快速响应使TM有望成为新的AIE型荧光传感器,用于实际样品中Cu(II)的检测。     

Synthesis and H2 uptake of Cu2(OH)3Cl, Cu(OH)2 and CuO nanocrystal aggregate

Monodispersed Cu₂(OH)₃Cl nanoplatelets, Cu(OH)₂ nanowires, CuO nanoparticles and nanoribbons with a spherical morphology were synthesized using hydrothermal and heat-treatment reactions, and their H₂ storage characteristics were examined. The Cu₂(OH)₃Cl nanoplatelets particles formed immediately after mixing the reactant, which subsequently formed larger uniform spherical particles in the submicron range. This procedure highlights a practical strategy for producing spherical Cu(OH)₂ and CuO materials consisting of monodispersed nanocrystals. The spherical aggregates of Cu₂(OH)₃Cl nanoplatelets heat-treated at 473 K could reversibly store up to 2.35 wt.% H₂ at 38 bar and 293 K.     

Swelling,thermal stability,antibacterial properties enhancement on composite hydrogel synthesized by chitosan-acrylic acid and ZnO nanowires

ABSTRACT

A series of antibacterial superabsorbents containing zinc oxide nanowires (ZnO NWs) based on chitosan (CS) and acrylic acid (AA) were prepared by one-step synthesis. Antibacterial influence of the content with ZnO NWs complex in superabsorbents on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was studied, as well as water absorbency, swelling behavior, and thermal stability. Results showed that water absorbency for CS-co-AA composite hydrogel in water was 1000 g/g, because of the presence of ZnO NWs within CS-co-AA hydrogel facilitated the water absorbency ability. Furthermore, results also showed that the antibacterial effect of CS-co-AA composite hydrogels increased with an increase of ZnO NWs content.     

The Z-scheme heterojunction between TiO2 nanotubes and Cu2O nanoparticles mediated by Ag nanoparticles for enhanced photocatalytic stability and activity under visible light

The photocatalytic reduction method was used to introduce Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) into the Cu₂O-TiO₂ nanotubes (Cu₂O-TNT) prepared by electrodeposition. The Z-scheme heterojunction Cu₂O-Ag-TNT (CAT-4–60) catalysts were prepared. The mechanism of the transition from the traditional P-N heterojunction enhanced by noble metal to the Z-scheme heterojunction was studied. In addition, the Z-scheme heterojunction CAT-4–60 showed the highest light absorption and the highest photoelectrochemical activity under visible light, and the photoluminescence intensity was significantly reduced. Compared with the traditional P-N heterojunction CAT-2–60, not only the photocatalytic activity of the dual Z-scheme CAT-4–60 catalyst was improved, and the removal rate of MB was 98.58% higher than TNT (45.81%), CT-60 (69.49%), AT-2 (75.1%) and CAT-2–60 (91.2%),but also the stability of Cu₂O in CAT-4–60 was significantly enhanced. This work reveals the potential application of noble metal nanoparticles to enhance the Z-scheme heterojunction under visible light-driven photocatalysis, and provides new insights to the transition from traditional P-N heterojunctions to Z-scheme heterojunctions.     

层层沉积热处理法制备超薄Cu3(BTC)2膜

基于层层沉积法,引入简单易控的热处理方式在玻璃基底表面制备出高结晶度且致密无裂缝的Cu₃(BTC)₂膜,并详细探讨热处理温度、组装时间和组装溶剂对Cu₃(BTC)₂成膜的影响。FESEM分析结果显示:膜层的厚度仅为200 nm;热处理有利于获得完整的晶体结构,且高温下膜层不会产生裂纹;组装时间为5 min或10 min,Cu₃(BTC)₂ 颗粒尺寸小且均一。然而,当组装时间延长至20 min,尺寸变得不均一,膜层表面变粗糙;通过改变组装溶剂环境,可以制备出不同维数的晶体膜。     

贻贝启发蒙脱石-银/聚乳酸抗菌膜的制备及其性能

受自然界贻贝粘附现象的启发,将聚多巴胺(PDA)作为二次反应平台,绿色合成了一种纳米银(Ag NPs)负载蒙脱石(MMT-Ag NPs)复合抗菌颗粒,通过溶剂挥发法将聚乳酸(PLA)和MMT-AgNPs共混,制备了复合抗菌膜(PLA/PDA/MMT-AgNPs)。利用FTIR、XRD、TEM和TGA对MMT-Ag NPs的物质组成、物相结构、微观形貌、热稳定性进行了测定。对所制备的PLA/PDA/MMT-AgNPs复合抗菌膜的微观形貌、物理性能和抗微生物活性进行了考察。结果表明:PDA成功地对MMT进行了改性,PDA改性的MMT仍保持原来的物相结构,Ag NPs在MMT表面成功负载,负载的质量分数达到12.2%。PLA/PDA/MMT-AgNPs复合抗菌膜的拉伸强度显著增强,与PLA膜相比最高增长了32.6%。由于Ag NPs极强的抗菌作用,仅添加少量MMT-Ag NPs的复合抗菌膜就对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌表现出了优异的抗菌作用,抑菌率均达到了95%以上。     

无机抗菌剂的制备及应用

对无机抗菌剂分类、制备方法、抗菌机理、应用及发展进行了综述。     

Multifunctional Adsorbent: Oleophobic Latex Sponge for Removing Dyes and Cu2+ from Sewage Waste

A latex sponge is modified by chitosan, tannic acid, and silane coupling agent KH550 to prepare an oleophobic sponge adsorbent, which can adsorb different kinds of charged dyes and Cu²⁺. The static adsorption capacity of the latex sponge before and after modification to methyl orange (MO) (negative charge), rhodamine B (RB) (neutral), methylene blue (MB) (positive charge), and Cu²⁺ under different initial concentration, pH, and reaction temperature are investigated, and simulations of adsorption kinetics and isotherms are performed. The modified latex sponge improves the overall adsorption capacity along with the initial concentration and increases reaction temperature. The adsorption capacity of the adsorbent expands; when the pH is low, it is beneficial to adsorb MO and RB, and when the pH is high, it is favorable for the adsorption of MB and Cu²⁺. Adsorption kinetics and isotherm data show that the isotherm dates of pure latex sponge conform to the Langmuir isotherm model, while the isotherm dates of modified latex sponge conform to the Freundich isotherm model; however both of them are more fitted with the pseudo-second-order adsorption model, and the chemical adsorption is the main one.     

Synthesis,characterization and antibacterial activity of Pd(II), Pt(II) and Ag(I) complexes of 4-ethyl and 4-(p-tolyl)-1-(pyridin-2-yl)thiosemicarbazides

Pd(II), Pt(II) and Ag(I) ions were found to form stable complexes with 4-(p-tolyl)- or 4-ethyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)thiosemicarbazides (Hp-TPTS or HEPTS). The complex structure was elucidated by analysis (elemental and thermal), spectroscopy (electronic, IR and ¹H NMR spectra) and physical measurements (magnetic susceptibility and molar conductance). The ligands coordinate to the metal ions as monobasic bidentate through nitrogen and sulfur atoms. The electronic spectra of the Pt(II) complexes in DMF showed a metal to ligand charge transfer transition at 11,935–13,260 cm^?1. The structural, electronic and vibrational features of HEPTS and Hp?TPTS were discussed on the basis of semi-empirical quantum mechanic calculations [ZINDO/S and semi-empirical parameterization (PM3)]. The simulated IR and electronic spectra are found reasonable in accordance with the experimental data. Finally, the antibacterial activities of the ligands and their complexes were investigated and some were found promising.