聚乙二醇／聚丙烯酰胺共混物的制备及性能研究

通过微波加热法制备聚丙烯酰胺,将其与聚乙二醇共混制备聚乙二醇／聚丙烯酰胺（PEG,PAM）共混物,采用傅立叶变换红外线光谱（FTIR）,差示扫描量热仪（DSC）,X射线粉末衍射仪（XRD）,熔点偏光显微镜等测定共混物的性能。结果显示共混物中PEG与PAM形成氢键,共混物的升降温过程中具有吸热和放热峰,相变温度和相变焓随共混物中PAM含量的增加,逐渐降低。PAM的存在对PEG的结晶过程造成了破坏,共混使PEG难以形成均匀球晶,结晶粒子变大。     

聚乙二醇/二氧化硅定形相变材料的制备

采用多孔二氧化硅（SiO₂）、聚乙二醇(PEG)等研究一种定形无机 有机复合相变材料的制备方法,并加入适当的促进剂和改性剂对复合材料进行了改性。利用多孔二氧化硅具有良好的吸附性能特点,将聚乙二醇相变材料吸附在二氧化硅微孔结构内,在毛细管力和表面张力的作用下,聚乙二醇在发生固液相变的时候很难从二氧化硅的微孔结构内渗透出来,从而解决了聚乙二醇在蓄热技术中应用时的液体流动问题。同时对相变材料进行了热性能分析,实验证明该复合相变材料具有形状稳定,导热率高,储热能力大等特点。     

聚双甲基丙烯酸聚乙二醇酯固-固相变储能材料的制备

制备了以聚甲基丙烯酸为骨架、聚乙二醇(PEG)为工作物质的新型高分子固-固相变储能材料。对PEG和几种不同的相变材料分别进行DSC测试,对PEG分子量为4000的相变材料进行非等温DSC测试。结果表明,与纯PEG相比,相变材料的相转变温度降低12.3℃,相变焓降低45 J/g。随着聚乙二醇分子量由2000依次增加为4000,6000,10000,相变材料的相转变温度分别为44.8,52.9,63.8和74.3℃,相变焓分别为142.9,203.2,190.1,231.4 J/g,均有增加的趋势。随着升温速率增加,PEG分子量为4000的PCM的相变温度依次升高,分别为47.4,50.0和53.1℃。     

聚乙二醇相变储能材料研究进展

聚乙二醇相变材料是一类相变焓较高、热滞后效应低的储能材料。本文综述了聚乙二醇相变储能材料的研究进展,重点论述了其制备方法、应用及展望。     

Rheological behavior of hydrophilic silica dispersion in polyethylene glycol

The rheological properties of hydrophilic fumed silica dispersed in polyethylene glycol (PEG) were investigated. The dispersion was prepared by dispersing the fumed silica in PEG with various concentrations. The reversible sol–gel transition was observed over 5 wt % of silica concentration as a function of temperature. The gelation temperature was found to depend on the applied shear stress and silica concentration, and the high shear stress was found to lead to the decrease of sol–gel transition temperature of the dispersion with the same silica concentration. As the silica concentration increases, the sol–gel transition shifts to the lower temperature. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Apple Polly Sci 103: 2481–2486, 2007     

Porous fibers surface decorated with nanofillers: From melt-spun PP/PVA blend fibers with silica nanoparticles

Biphasic polypropylene (PP)-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers containing silica nanoparticles with various surface hydrophobicity were melt-spun. The localization of nanoparticles relates on the thermodynamic factors, and the design promotes a surface-decorated fibrous scaffold with nanoparticles after selective extraction. The influence of silica nanoparticles on the melt flow index was observed, and the interface-located Aerosil R972 silica nanoparticles lead to an increase in viscosity. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrates the preponderant interfacial localization of Aerosil R972 nanoparticles within the biphasic fibers. The porous morphology of the obtained fibers was investigated by SEM, selective extraction experiment, X-ray diffraction analysis, and dynamical mechanical analysis. The specific interface area of PP₇₀-PVA₃₀ fibers with a draw ratio (DR) of 2 is 3.2 m² g⁻¹ and is further enlarged with the increase of DR. The incorporation of nanoparticles contributes to the increase of interconnectivity of the PVA phase. The further increment of DR modifies the crystalline structure, and results in better mechanical properties. The Aerosil R972-containing fibers with the DR of 3 provide almost completely accessible PVA phase, with enough mechanical strength to be transformed into textile products, and retains a good mechanical property after selective extraction. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48470.     

电驱动PEG/EG复合相变材料的制备与性能

以聚乙二醇（PEG）为相变组分，膨胀石墨（EG）为支撑材料，采用真空浸渍的方法制备了PEG/EG电热转换相变储能材料。改变复合相变材料中EG的质量分数，探究其在电热转换与热能存储效率、定形效果、相变焓值、储放热速率等方面的作用。结果表明，EG不仅能够提高复合相变材料的导热性能，还赋予其导电性能。当EG质量分数为5%时，PEG/EG复合相变材料具有良好的电热转换性能，在外加电压为7 V时，其电热转换与热能存储效率达到80.6%。同时，复合相变材料表现出良好的定形效果、较高的相变焓值（152.2 J/g）和优异的导热性能，与纯PEG相比，其储热所用时间减少了73%，储放热速率大幅提高。因此，PEG/EG复合相变材料在电驱动热能存储系统和能量转换与存储等领域具有广阔的应用前景。     

不同相对分子质量聚乙二醇对白炭黑的改性

在沉淀法制备白炭黑过程中直接对白炭黑进行改性.选用聚乙二醇(PEG)作为改性剂,研究了其加入量对白炭黑产品粒径(d 50)、吸油值及表观密度的影响,利用扫描电镜和红外光谱分析仪对改性前后白炭黑的性能进行了表征.研究结果表明:随着PEG2000加入量的增加,产品的平均粒径和表观密度减小,吸油值增大,PEG2000加入量为产品质量的2%～8%时产品吸油值的变化不大.当PEG相对分子质量大于4 000时,所得白炭黑表现为粒径及表观密度增大.随着PEG相对分子质量的增大,白炭黑的吸油值先增大后减小.红外光谱分析结果显示,PEG在一定程度上影响了二氧化硅特征峰的位置.     

癸酸-石蜡/石墨烯气凝胶定形相变材料的制备及热物性分析

随着碳中和理念的逐步推进,调整能源供应政策,倡导低碳生活,可推动全社会的绿色发展,采用相变材料(PCMs)储存和释放热量,能够有效地利用可再生能源,可减少化石燃料带来的CO₂释放问题。本文利用石墨烯气凝胶作为相变材料的载体,分别采用不同比例的癸酸/石蜡进行有机相耦合,制备了一系列高封装率、低渗漏率的石墨烯定形相变材料。研究发现当石墨烯气凝胶定形相变材料中癸酸/石蜡为7∶3时,相变焓达到202.91J/g。经过200次循环后复合材料的相变潜热变化量在4.25%以内,渗漏率仅为3.20%。采用DSC、TG、XRD、SEM对材料进行微观结构分析说明,石墨烯气凝胶改善了相变介质的形状稳定性,有效地阻止了相变过程中耦合的有机相泄漏,使材料储放热稳定,增强了导热作用,具有良好的应用前景。     

聚乙二醇对聚酰亚胺泡沫的结构及热性能的影响

采用聚(酯-铵)盐(PEAS)前体粉末发泡法制备聚酰亚胺泡沫,分别考察了分子量为400,1000和2000的聚乙二醇(PEG)对PEAS前体及聚酰亚胺泡沫的影响。结果表明,PEG的加入使聚酰亚胺泡沫的平均孔径由0.35 mm增加到0.50 mm以上,不同分子量的PEG没有导致聚酰亚胺泡沫的平均孔径产生显著的差别。红外光谱表明,PEG的加入对聚酰亚胺泡沫及其前体的化学结构没有明显改变。由PEG/PEAS前体制备的聚酰亚胺泡沫在350℃仍保持较好的热稳定性。     

Effect of polyethylene glycol on the properties of styrene‐butadiene rubber/organoclay nanocomposites filled with silica and carbon black

Polyethyene glycol (PEG) is widely used as a dispersing agent and can also be used to prevent the adsorption of ingredients on the surface of silica. From the XRD results, PEG that was used as the dispersing agent on the SBR/organoclay compound filled with silica and carbon black (CB) was intercalated between the organoclay layer. Additionally, the interactions with the PEG differed depending on whether 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) or N,N‐dimethyldodecylamine (DDA) were used as clay modifiers. When PEG was added, the T_g of the SBR/silica/APTES‐MMT compound increased through the formation of hydrogen bonds between the ether linkages of PEG and the hydroxyl groups of APTES. For the SBR/silica/DDA‐MMT compound with PEG, slippage occurred between the silicate, and DDA because of the alkyl chain of DDA. The SBR/silica/APTES‐MMT/CB compound with PEG exhibited the highest T_g value and the highest bound rubber content, with high modulus values at 100 and 300%. The SBR/silica/DDA‐MMT/CB compound had the best properties in terms of the wet skid resistance and the rolling resistance. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Electrospinning of thermo-regulating ultrafine fibers based on polyethylene glycol/cellulose acetate composite

Ultrafine fibers of polyethylene glycol/cellulose acetate (PEG/CA) composite in which PEG acts as a model phase change material (PCM) and CA acts as a matrix, were successfully prepared as thermo-regulating fibers via electrospinning. The morphology observation from the electrospun PEG/CA composite fibers revealed that the fibers were cylindrical and had a smooth external surface. PEG was found to be both distributed on the surface and within the core of the fibers. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) was used to characterize the thermal properties of the composite fibers. The results indicated that the fibers imparted balanced thermal storage and release properties for their thermo-regulating function and the thermal properties were reproducible after 100 heating-cooling cycles.     

高导热膨胀石墨/棕榈酸定形复合相变材料的制备及储热性能研究

采用棕榈酸(palmitic acid, PA)作为相变材料,膨胀石墨(expanded graphite, EG)作为添加基质,通过“熔融共混-凝固定形”工艺制备了PA/EG定形复合相变材料以提高相变材料的综合性能。预测并制备了21种不同配比的定形复合相变材料,对其形貌结构和孔隙率进行了微观表征与理论分析,并在此基础上对样品进行了传热性能分析、热物性测试、热稳定性研究和储热性能分析。SEM形貌分析显示所使用工艺可使棕榈酸能较好地被吸附于膨胀石墨的孔隙结构并使之均匀分布;DSC测试结果表明定形复合相变材料[70%(质量) PA]的焓值为193.01 J/g,纯PA的焓值为275.35 J/g,对应于熔点分别为61.08℃和59.53℃。EG的添加,可有效提高相变材料的热导率。当样品密度为900 kg/m³,EG含量为30%(质量)时,定形复合相变材料的热导率为14.09 W/(m·K),相比于纯PA[0.162 W/(m·K)]提高约87倍;对制备的样品进行50次循环稳定性实验,EG含量为24%(质量)和30%(质量)的样品形态均未出现明显变化,表现出良好的充放热循环稳定性。     

膨胀石墨基相变储能材料的研究

利用膨胀石墨孔隙结构的吸附性能,制备了石蜡/膨胀石墨、聚乙二醇/膨胀石墨、十四醇/膨胀石墨相变储能复合材料,用差示扫描热量法研究了材料的热性能.结果表明,复合材料的相变潜热随着石蜡、聚乙二醇、十四醇含量的增加而增加.复合材料的导热性能随着石蜡、聚乙二醇、十四醇含量的增加而小.膨胀石墨的多孔结构对石蜡、聚乙二醇、十四醇有很好的吸附性能,石蜡、聚乙二醇、十四醇在固一液相变时,未见有液态石蜡、聚乙二醇、十四醇的渗出.     

Preparation of superhydrophobic silica‐based films by using polyethylene glycol and tetraethoxysilane

Preparation of superhydrophobic silica‐based films via sol‐gel process by adding polyethylene glycol (PEG4000) in the silica sol precursor solution has been developed. The casting films were prepared by casting the above solution on the glass and adding poor solvent on it or not. Surface roughness of the films was obtained by removing polymer from the films at high temperature. Then, the hydrophobic group on the surfaces was obtained by reaction with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS). Characteristic properties of the as‐prepared surface of the films were analyzed by contact angle measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectrophotometer, and X‐ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS). The results showed that the contact angles of the films were varied with the PEG weight fraction of the films, the solvent for the PEG solution, the reaction temperature and time, and adding poor solvent (n‐hexane) or not. However, the surface roughness has been controlled by adjusting the experimental parameters during the early period. The contact angle of the film that prepared by spraying the poor solvent (n‐hexane) onto each coating layer for four times after casting process was greater than 150°. It was difficult to obtain superhydrophobic surface without adding n‐hexane onto any coating layer in this system. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

LDPE/PEG插层剥离改性氮化硼导热复合材料的制备及其性能

以聚乙二醇(PEG)为插层剂,通过机械球磨法制备了PEG插层剥离改性氮化硼.以低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)为基体,PEG插层剥离改性氮化硼为导热填料,采用双辊开炼、压片成型制备LDPE/PEG插层剥离改性氮化硼导热复合材料,研究了改性氮化硼用量及粒径对复合材料导热性能、力学性能和电绝缘性能的影响.结果表明:随着PEG插层剥...     

Preparation of luminescent polyethylene plastic composite nano-reinforced with glass fibers

Electrospun glass nanofibers (EGNFs) were prepared to reinforce polyethylene (PE) plastic waste towards the development of photochromic anti-counterfeiting patterns and long-persistent photoluminescent materials, such as smart windows and concrete. By physical integration of lanthanide-doped aluminate (LdA) nanoparticles (NPs) into polyethylene plastic reinforced with EGNFs, a transparent lanthanide-doped aluminate nanoparticles (LdANPs)/EGNFs@PE sheet was produced. The colorless EGNFs@PE hybrids became green under ultraviolet (UV) rays and greenish-yellow in a darkened room as proved by CIE Lab and photoluminescence analysis. In the luminescent LdANPs/EGNFs@PE hybrids, the identified photochromism was promptly reversed at low concentrations of LdANPs to designate fluorescence emission. Photoluminescence was maintained with slow reversibility for the high phosphor concentrations to designate afterglow emission. LdANPs exhibit diameters of 5–12 nm, whereas glass nanofibers have diameters of 70–120 nm. The morphologies of LdANPs/EGNFs@PE substrates were studied by energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and x-ray fluorescence (XRF). The mechanical properties of the prepared polyethylene plastic were enhanced by reinforcement with glass nanofibers as a roughening agent. The photoluminescent substrates showed markedly improved scratch resistance in comparison to LdANPs-free EGNFs@PE substrate. The obtained luminescence spectra displayed an emission band at 519 nm upon excitation at 365 nm. The results demonstrated that the luminous plastic has improved hydrophobicity and UV shielding upon increasing the LdANPs content.     

聚乙二醇改性环氧丙烯酸阴极电泳涂料用乳液的制备

以聚醚多元醇改性环氧丙烯酸酯为主体树脂制备了阴极电泳涂料用乳液。讨论了聚醚多元醇的种类和用量对改性环氧丙烯酸乳液及其涂膜性能的影响,以及扩链反应温度和时间对环氧基转化率的影响。通过红外光谱(FT-IR)和热重分析(TG)对改性前后的环氧丙烯酸阳离子树脂进行了表征。试验发现,以PEG1000为扩链剂,用量为13%~14%,在90°C下反应4h,制得的改性环氧丙烯酸乳液平均粒径65.49nm,ζ电位58.3mV,乳液黏度0.21Pa.s,常温下放置300d未分层。改性后的阴极电泳涂料漆膜柔韧性为0.5mm,附着力0级,硬度2H,冲击强度50kg.cm,耐水性达到208h,性能明显优于改性前的漆膜。     

聚乙二醇1540相转移催化合成 N,N-二乙基苯胺的研究

用聚乙二醇1540作相转移催化剂,常压下由苯胺和溴乙烷合成N,N-二乙基苯胺,研究多种反应因素对目的产物收率的影响,提出了常压催化合成目的产物的最佳工艺条件:苯胺和溴乙烷物质的量比为1:1.50,催化剂用量0.60g,在25mL质量分数50%的氢氧化钠溶液中,反应温度45℃,常压反应5h,产品收率85.1%。     

PEG/APS-SiO2/O-CNTs导热增强相变材料的制备及性能

以聚乙二醇(PEG)为相变材料,以3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷（APS）改性的二氧化硅(SiO2)为支撑材料,以氧化壁碳纳米管(O-CNTs)为导热增强材料,采用溶胶-凝胶法成功制备了PEG/APS-SiO2/O-CNTs导热增强型复合相变材料。通过FTIR、XRD、SEM、DSC等对材料的结构和热性能进行了表征。当PEG含量为82.0%时,复合相变材料仍然具有良好定型效果,熔化焓和结晶焓达到134.2 J/g、126.6 J/g,而且材料具有很好的储热稳定性,300次热循环后,其储热焓值仅下降3.3%。相比于纯PEG,添加了0.6%的O-CNTs的复合相变材料的导热增强率为28.1%, 达到0.41W/(m?K)。红外热成像结果表明,复合相变材料的储能效率明显提高。