泡沫铝夹芯板的粉末冶金制备工艺

采用包套轧制法成功制备出了泡沫铝夹芯板,该工艺使泡沫铝夹芯板的面板与芯层达到了冶金结合．重点研究了发泡参数对泡孔生长的影响及泡孔的演变行为．结果表明：发泡温度、冷却速度与最终的发泡效果密切相关．发泡过程中,夹芯板芯层泡孔经历了气泡的形核、长大和合并等过程．     

Novel foaming agent used in preparation process of aluminum foams

The performances of a novel foaming agent used in the preparation process of aluminum foams were investigated,and the effects of some factors,such as addition of the foaming agent,foaming temperature on the porosity,and appearance of aluminum foams were also discussed.Experimental results show that the novel foaming agent has a wide decomposition temperature range and a mild decomposed rate; the foaming agent has the ability to enhance the viscosity of aluminum melt,as a result,an extra viscosifier such as Ca or SiCp is unnecessary while using this foaming agent; the bubble-free zone in material decreases and the foaming efficiency increases with the increase of foaming agent; the bubble-free zone disappears and the foaming efficiency is near 100% when the addition of foaming agent is more than 1.4wt% ; the porosity of the aluminum foam increases with the increase of foaming agent when the addition of foaming agent is less than 2.2wt% .     

铝蜂窝夹层板模态密度参数实验辨识

模态密度是应用统计能量分析方法研究振动噪声问题的基本参数,对于梁、板等简单结构,模态密度可以通过理论解析获得,但对于复杂结构或者具有复合材料特性的结构的模态密度很难通过理论解析法和数值法获得,或者获得的模态密度值不准确.因此,需要通过实验辨识模态密度.本文采用激励点导纳法对铝蜂窝夹层板进行悬挂振动实验研究.通过对比实验结果与文献资料的经验值发现有良好的吻合性,验证了该方法在新型复合材料领域的适用性.     

泡沫铝复合结构的声学性能研究

为了研究泡沫铝复合板面密度和厚度对隔声量的影响,测定了3组不同组合的泡沫铝复合板试件的隔声量,并与其他隔音材料的隔声量进行了对比.研究结果显示,泡沫铝复合板的隔声效果优于胶合板和诺美克斯蜂窝,且泡沫铝复合板的隔声效果随着泡沫铝复合板的面密度和厚度的增加而增强.     

Shock wave compression behavior of aluminum foam

1　INTRODUCTIONInrecentyears ,aluminumfoamsofhighporosityhaveattractedmuchattentionofresearchersonmate rialsduetotheiruniquecompressionbehaviorthatun dergoesalargedeformationatnearlyconstantnominalstress ,andgreatpotentialforapplicationinabsorbingenergyfromimpact[1 3] .Thisapplicationthereforere quirestheknowledgeontheshockcompressionbehav iorofthealuminumfoamundervariousimpactcondi tions.AlthoughanumberofworkonthedynamicpropertyofaluminumfoamshasbeenperformedwithsplitHopkinson pressureba…     

Zn-22Al泡沫夹芯复合板的三点弯曲性能

以Zn-22Al(ZA22)基泡沫材料为芯材,LY12铝板为面板制备了泡沫夹芯复合板。研究了泡沫夹芯复合板的三点弯曲行为,观察了复合板的破坏模式,分析了复合板弯曲性能的影响因素,运用层合梁刚度优化理论探讨了其机理。研究结果表明,ZA22泡沫夹芯复合板的三点弯曲载荷-位移曲线可按线性段、非线性段和失稳段表示其特征;其弯曲极限载荷随孔隙率的增大而减小,并且泡沫夹芯复合板表现出明显的层合效果。三点弯曲载荷作用下,泡沫夹芯复合板的主要失效模式为芯材的剪切破坏。     

纤维柱增强泡沫夹芯的等效力学性能研究

纤维柱增强泡沫夹芯结构是沿厚度方向在泡沫中植入纤维柱,以提高泡沫夹芯结构的抗压性能、抗剪切性能和抗弯曲性能.根据纤维柱增强泡沫夹芯结构的这一特点,通过建立细观力学模型,并结合修正的Mori-Tanaka方法预报纤维柱增强泡沫芯材的法向弹性模量和横向剪切模量.实验结果验证了该方法预报结果的准确性.利用该模型进一步探讨了纤维柱增强泡沫夹芯结构参数对芯子等效性能的影响.结果表明,纤维柱内纤维体积的变化对结构的法向弹性模量影响较大,对横向性能影响不大;纤维柱直径增大芯子法向比刚度也增大,但芯子的横向比剪切刚度反而降低.     

泡沫铝合金球形件的二次发泡法制备成型

采用二次发泡新方法制备具有致密表层的泡沫铝合金球形件,通过微型CT层析摄像仪对制备获得的泡沫铝合金球形件的孔结构形态进行观察和分析.研究了二次泡沫化温度和时间等参数对球形件孔结构(孔径,孔隙率)的影响,分析了球形件充型过程中的作用机理.结果表明,TiH2的二次分解是泡沫铝球形件充型驱动力,采用合适温度和时间通过二次泡沫化方法可制备孔结构均匀、具有致密表层外皮的泡沫铝合金球形件,孔隙率范围可在50.4%~93.8%变化,充型过程是固-液-气三相的共同作用.     

发泡法制备莫来石轻质耐火材料工艺研究

以黏土、工业氧化铝、石英砂为主要原料,采用发泡法制备莫来石轻质耐火材料,研究了发泡剂的种类、发泡工艺、耐火纤维加入量对莫来石轻质耐火材料性能的影响。结果表明,以十二烷基苯磺酸钠等为发泡剂,其加入量为1％时,试样的容重最轻;加入糊精可以提高试样烧结后的强度,最佳加入量为5％;而搅拌时间为8～11min或发泡温度为50℃时,试样烧结后强度最大。引入硅酸铝耐火纤维对试样的容重和气孔率影响不大,但可明显提高烧结后试样的强度,其加入量以1％为宜。     

发泡丁腈橡胶-金属密封板的制备

针对发泡橡胶-金属密封板的泡孔不均匀而导致的密封板密封性较差的问题,采用丁腈橡胶为涂覆层,不锈钢板为基体制备发泡丁腈橡胶-金属密封板,分别研究时间、温度、发泡剂用量和环氧树脂用量四个单因素对涂覆橡胶发泡率的影响,采用正交实验优化出最佳工艺条件为:发泡剂用量10%、环氧树脂用量30%、硫化温度140 ℃和硫化时间20 min.200 ℃热稳定性实验结果表明,密封板不起皮、失重为0.08 g; 偏光显微镜研究密封板的微观形貌表明,泡孔平均直径为68.35 μm,发泡均匀,有助于密封性能的提高.     

压下率对泡沫铝夹层板制备的影响

以空气雾化的AlSi 12合金粉和TiH2粉末为原料,采用粉末包套轧制法成功制备出泡沫铝夹层板.通过对包套轧制进行了理论分析,结合SAYN-CG90数码相机、扫描电镜（SEM）和显微硬度仪等检测方法,系统研究了不同压下率对制备预制体的致密度和界面结合,以及泡沫铝夹层板泡孔结构的影响.结果表明：当压下率为70%的时候,可以获得表面平直、完整,粉体均匀、致密的预制坯,并且实现面板与芯层的有效结合,最终获得泡孔结构完整和均匀的泡沫铝三明治板.     

Predicting test data of aluminum honeycomb sandwich board based on volterra adaptive filters

Random vibration test was done on aluminum honeycomb sandwich board.The result suggested that chaotic behavior is found in the test data.The Volterra expression can not be gained from the input and output data directly in this paper.The state space reconstruction was used to convert the system observed data into the quasi-input/output pairs,and the second-order Volterra adaptive filter was used to predict the test data.It is shown that combining the state space reconstruction with the Volterra adaptive filter,these chaotic series could be accurately predicted.     

秸秆粉／PP微孔发泡复合材料的发泡工艺研究

本文主要通过AC发泡剂含量、EVA含量、偶联剂种类和含量及挤出机的工艺参数等单因素来研究最佳发泡工艺．结果表明：AC发泡剂含量为4份时,密度最小为0．95g／mm2,冲击强度最大为14．88KJ／m2;随EVA含量的增加,密度减小,冲击强度增大,12％以后密度与冲击强度基本不变,密度达到最小0．84g／mm2,冲击强度最大11．4KJ／m2;MAH-g-PP6份时冲击强度达到最大为11．56KJ／m2;制备发泡母粒时挤出机螺杆温度为150℃时,密度达到0．94g／mm2,冲击强度达到12．04J／m2．     

Damage and penetration behavior of aluminum foam at various impacts

In this work, the damage and penetration behavior of aluminum foam at various types of impact were examined through experiments. The impact energy of a striker was applied on the fixed aluminum foam having a thickness of 25 mm while increasing its impact by 2 J at each strike from 6 J to 16 J. The results show that the impact energies from 6 J to 12 J could not penetrate aluminum foam. However, the aluminum foam applied with the impact energy of 12 J incurred severe damages on its lower part. Finally, the aluminum foam applied with the impact energy of 14 J was penetrated. The striker having the impact energy of 6 J could penetrate aluminum foam around 10 mm. At this moment, aluminum foam could absorb the impact energy of around 9 J. When the impact energy of 14 J was applied on the aluminum foam, the aluminum foam was penetrated and it absorbed the impact energy of around 17.2 J. It is possible to create the safer structure against impact using the results of this work. The simulation results for the verification of the experimental results imply that the results for all the experiments in this work are reliable. It is possible to predict the structural safety of the aluminum foam for an impact if the impact behavior of aluminum foam performed in this work is utilized.     

泡沫夹芯式复合材料结构抗弹性能试验研究

为了改善超高分子量聚乙烯纤维作为装甲材料应用的环境,设计了由聚氨酯泡沫、超高分子量聚乙烯纤维和玄武岩纤维组合形成的夹芯式防护结构,并分别对相当面密度下的单独钢板、前置钢板/夹芯板和单独夹芯板3种形式的防护结构进行了弹道试验.结果表明:夹芯板结构的使用能够较大程度的提高等面密度装甲结构的防护能力,且增加夹芯板在装甲结构中所占比重,或增加超高分子量聚乙烯在夹芯板结构中所占比重,都能提高装甲结构单位面密度的吸能量.同时,泡沫层的使用在一定程度上有利于发挥超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的抗弹吸能特性,而相同厚度软泡和硬泡对其影响相差不大.研究结果可为合理设计轻型防护结构提供参考.     

冲击荷载作用下内嵌泡沫铝耗能节点试验

为吸收爆炸时产生的爆炸能量以及减少建筑物所受到的爆炸荷载,提出一种连接防爆幕墙和建筑物的内嵌泡沫铝新型耗能节点.通过冲击试验对这种节点的耗能性能进行试验研究,探究了泡沫铝填充、折板厚度等参数对此节点构件耗能性能的影响.试验结果表明:冲击过程中泡沫铝填充的耗能节点试件,其受压阶段包括弹性、塑性和致密化阶段,可通过钢折板塑性变形以及泡沫铝受压密实过程实现冲击能量的吸收与消耗,而无泡沫铝填充的节点试件仅依靠折板塑性变形转动耗能.在试验结果基础上,利用LS-DYNA有限元软件建立了耗能节点构件的精细化有限元模型,并对冲击试验结果进行了验证,得到了吻合程度较好的力-位移曲线.试验和有限元分析表明,内嵌泡沫铝新型节点构件耗能性能优良,泡沫铝填充可以明显改善此类耗能节点的耗能性能.     

碱木质素基聚氨酯泡沫塑料的制备和性能表征

通过热重失重率（TG）和失重速率（DTG）曲线得,碱木质素基聚氨酯泡沫塑料起始分解温度和峰值分解温度分别为250℃和370℃,结果表明,材料热稳定性、保温性能较好。通过压缩试验,碱木质素基聚氨酯泡沫塑料的10％压缩强度蛳为203kPa。通过对加载后碱木质素基聚氨酯泡沫塑料进行扫描电镜分析,探讨增强机理。     

Preparation of precursor for stainless steel foam

The effects of polyurethane sponge pretreatment and slurry compositions on the slurry loading in precursor were discussed： and the,performances of stainless steel foams prepared from precursors with different slurry loadings and different particle sizes of the stainless steel powder were also investigated. The experimental results show that the pretreatment of sponge with alkaline solution is effective to reduce the jam of cells in precursor and ensure the slurry to uniformly distribute in sponge, and it is also an effective method for increasing the slurry loading in precursor; the mass fraction of additive A and solid content in slurry greatly affect the slurry loading in precursor, when they are kept in 9%-13% and 52%-75%, respectively, the stainless steel foam may hold excellent 3D open-cell network structure and uniform muscles; the particle size of the stainless steel powder and the slurry loading in precursor have great effects on the bending strength, apparent density and open porosity of stainless steel foam; when the stainless steel powder with particle size of 44 μm and slurry loading of 0.5 g/cm^3 in precursor are used, a stainless steel foam can be obtained, which has open porosity of 81.2%, bending strength of about 51.76 MPa and apparent density of about 1.0 g/cm^3.     

以金属铝水解制氢副产品为原料制备a-A12O3粉体的研究

以金属铝一水反应法制氢的副产品为主要原料,添加表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠、晶种（1-A1203和相变促进剂ZnF2,在实验室制得a-Al2O3粉体,并利用ICP、XRD、TG-DSC、SEM、物理吸附仪等对试样进行表征。结果表明,该金属铝-水反应法制氢的副产品干燥后为单斜型三羟铝石（Al（OH）3）,纯度高达99．58％,经过1300℃×3h高温处理后完全转化为a-A12O3;以十二烷基苯磺酸钠作为表面活性剂,添加1％的ZnF2作为相变促进剂和1％的纳米a-Al2O3作为晶种,该副产品在1200℃下即可完全转化为a-Al2O3,粉体的比表面积为6．17m2／g,平均粒径为244nm。     

泡沫分离水溶液中微量茶碱工艺研究

为了探索设备和工艺简单、无污染、生产过程费用低的分离水溶液中微量茶碱方法,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵CTAB为表面活性物质,利用以加强排液的一种球形构件的泡沫分离塔对富集水溶液中微量的茶碱进行了研究.重点考察了溶液的pH、鼓泡气体流量、表面活性剂浓度及泡沫塔装液量对分离效果的影响.结果表明当合适的操作条件为CTAB浓度0.2 g/L、初始pH 8.0、气体流量300 mL/min和装液量350 mL时,茶碱的富集比为49.3,回收率为56.9%.