干熄焦耐火材料异常损坏的分析与改进

随着干熄焦的国产化、大型化,干熄焦技术的发展与研究渐成行业热点.干熄焦设备用耐火材料主要用于干熄槽、一次除尘器以及锅炉等受冲刷和磨损部位.初期的干熄炉和一次除尘器工作面层所采用的耐火材料仅是一种高强度黏土砖,从运行情况看,斜道区、冷却段耐火砖断裂、掉砖和磨损非常严重,每年的正常维修已无法保证干熄炉生产的需要,1年后就需大修更换.因此,近年来对干熄焦耐火材料材质进行了较大改进.     

干熄炉环型气道的设计改进及其应用

针对干熄炉环形气道结构,使用特异砖型砌筑环形气道可有效抵抗膨胀应力,改善砌体强度,解决干熄炉环型气道变形、损坏等问题,利于系统安全高效运行。     

干熄炉斜道区砌筑经验和探讨

在分析国内干熄炉斜道损坏情况的基础上,结合宝钢四期干熄炉砌筑特点,提出了膨胀缝分3段技术、氮化硅结合碳化硅砖技术、斜道“牛腿”中心精确定位技术、斜道区过顶砖拱形过顶技术以及严格控制标高和内径的方法来确保斜道砖砌筑质量,延长干熄炉的使用寿命。     

干熄炉倾斜烟道和环形风道用耐火材料的选择及其损毁原因

简要介绍了干熄炉关键部位用耐火材料的材质选择,并重点分析探讨了干熄炉倾斜烟道和环形风道的结构设计及所用耐火材料的损毁原因及改进措施。     

干熄炉斜道区支撑梁耐火泥浆的研制与应用

针对干熄炉斜道区支撑梁特殊的工况条件,按照<0.075 mm的白刚玉粉42%(w)、<0.075 mm的矾土粉27%(w)、<0.075 mm的莫来石粉20%(w)、<5μm的α-Al2O3微粉6%(w)、<0.088 mm的结合黏土5%(w)、外加硅溶胶18%(w)制备硅溶胶结合刚玉-莫来石耐火泥浆。对比测试了硅溶胶结合刚玉-莫来石耐火泥浆和磷酸盐结合耐火泥浆的抗折粘接强度、抗热震性、烧后线变化率,并对硅溶胶结合耐火泥浆进行了应用。结果表明:硅溶胶结合刚玉-莫来石耐火泥浆养护1 d后的常温抗折粘接强度就达到1.7 MPa,并且随着时间的延长显著提高;热震(1 100℃,水冷)100次后未出现明显裂纹;1 000℃烧后线变化率为-0.3%,体积稳定性良好。在实际应用中,硅溶胶结合刚玉-莫来石耐火泥浆解决了耐火砖断裂、脱落等问题,斜道区支撑梁的使用寿命得以显著提高。     

耐磨预制块的研制及在干熄炉中的应用

介绍了宝钢干熄炉应用耐磨预制块的研究成果。耐磨预制块具有抗剥落、热震稳定性好、高强耐磨等优良性能。宝钢实际应用结果表明,在干熄炉相同部位使用耐磨预制块替代传统烧成莫来石砖,耐磨预制块的磨损速率较莫来石砖下降70%以上,大幅提高了干熄炉冷却段耐火材料的使用寿命,降低了检修频率以及耐火材料的消耗。     

安钢75t/h干熄焦炉物料与热量衡算及分析

介绍了安钢焦化厂75 t/h干熄焦干熄炉系统的物料和热量衡算,分析了目前生产的现状和存在的问题,提出了改进干熄炉的热效率和热工效率的措施,为提高干熄炉系统效能,改善焦炭质量,提供了科学依据。     

提高干熄焦干熄率

介绍了安钢焦化厂75 t/h干熄焦干熄炉系统运行状况,分析了目前生产中存在的问题,提出了改进干熄炉干熄率的工艺措施和方法,为提高回收热能绩效,增加锅炉发电和改善冶金焦质量,提供了科学生产依据。     

高炉综合砌炉用新型复合耐火泥浆

北京钢铁研究总院研制开发了一种新型复合耐火泥浆,系多种耐火原料组合而成,具有良好的施工性能和高温性能,能将材质不同的耐火砖牢固地粘接在一起,如高铝砖与半石墨化碳化硅砖、铝炭砖与半石墨化碳化硅砖、铝炭砖与高铝砖、碳化硅砖与铝炭砖等。该复合泥浆的主要理化指标为：Ａｌ２Ｏ３＞６５％,耐火度＞１７３０℃,荷重软化温度＞１６３０℃,热膨胀系数（１０００℃）０．５７×１０－６℃－１,１８０℃、１４００℃粘接后的抗折强度分别大于９ＭＰａ、５ＭＰａ。高炉综合砌炉用新型复合耐火泥浆@王资江     

干熄炉斜道区莫来石-红柱石砖的损毁研究

测试并比较了使用4年后干熄炉斜道区莫来石-红柱石过梁砖不同部位(炉腔侧、风道侧和芯部)砖体的体积密度、显气孔率、耐压强度、化学组成,利用XRD和SEM分别分析了其物相组成和显微结构变化,并对其损毁机制进行了探讨。结果表明:1)莫来石-红柱石砖原始强度较低,易遭受炉体结构应力和热应力破坏;2)与砖体芯部相比,炉腔侧和风道侧受环境气氛影响更大,结构更为疏松,强度下降更明显;3)高温下红柱石莫来石化导致的体积膨胀、低熔点相侵入形成的新物相以及弱还原气氛下SiO2的分解破坏了材料的结合体系,造成了材料致密度的降低和强度大幅下降,是除了炉体结构应力、热应力等因素外,导致干熄炉斜道区莫来石-红柱石砖破坏的不可忽略的因素。     

7.63m焦炉主要耐火材料简评

介绍了7.63m焦炉主要耐火材料的品种、数量、材质及各种砖型的验收技术条件,同时还对半硅砖、硅线石砖、硅火泥、格子砖等的应用问题进行了深入的讨论.7.63m焦炉炉体密封性好,但异型砖多,有些砖的成品率极低,复杂的炉体结构对焦炉生产操作和寿命是否有影响还需进一步的实践验证.     

Influence Parameters on Properties of Dolomite Bricks Containing Different Bonding Systems

Pitch and tar bonded dolomite bricks are extensively used in ladles and converters for long time because of their superior properties such as. steel melt refining, easy production as well as low production cost. Recently, resin bonded dolomite bricks are presented for using in steel plants. Generally, quality and final cost of steels are affected by properties of refractories especially dolomite bricks. Therefore, recognition of influence parameters on dolomite refractory properties is very important. In this study, the effects of tar and resin as bonding systems, and addition of graphite （ 2wt% ） on the properties of dolomite refractory bricks have been investigated. Properties such as ： density and porosity, cold crushing strength, hydration time and depth of slag penetration have been studied. Results show that the bonding sys- tems and graphite have a great effect on the mentioned properties especially cold crushing strength and hydra- tion time. In addition to their low rate of pollution, resin bonded dolomite bricks show higher performance with proper technical specifications.     

炼焦方式和熄焦方式对焦炭质量的影响

在昆明焦化公司不同焦炉上进行了炼焦和熄焦试验,比较了不同熄焦方式下顶装炼焦与捣固炼焦的焦炭质量,同时对不同炼焦方式下的干法熄焦与湿法熄焦的焦炭质量进行了对比,结果表明,从改善焦炭冷态强度、热性能指标的效果看,其顺序为:顶装湿熄<捣固湿熄<顶装干熄<捣固干熄,捣固干熄工艺焦炭质量提升明显,M40可提高3.5%⁹.3%,反应性CRI可改善0.2%9.3%,反应性CRI可改善0.2%¹.7%,反应后强度CSR可提高0.8%1.7%,反应后强度CSR可提高0.8%².3%。     

Study and Application of Sealing Material for Coke Oven Chamber

1IntroductionSome coke ovens have been in operation for over20years in Baosteel,cracks and leaks are found in thesilica brick walls and roofs of coke oven.The existenceof cracks causes the emission of smoke from ovens,which may probably affect the service life of oven.Thewall surface is often destroyed by the extension ofcracks,resulting in eventual shutdown of the oven.Inorder to obtain stable coke oven operation over a longterm,many kinds of repair techniques,such as hot re-pairing,gunning,…     

干熄炉斜道“牛腿”耐材的改进

干熄炉斜道＂牛腿＂耐材材质为莫来石碳化硅砖,使用中均出现不同程度的损坏,用β-SiC砖替代莫来石碳化硅砖重新砌筑后,可延长干熄炉砌体的使用寿命。     

Adhesion of Self-Compacting Overlays Applied to Different Concrete Substrates and Its Prediction by Fuzzy Logic

An experimental and analytical study was performed to evaluate the adhesion between concrete and overlays using five different substrate surfaces and six different mixtures of self-compacting concrete and mortar. Saw cut surfaces of high strength concrete slabs were used as substrate. After the application of self-compacting concrete or mortar layers to dry, saturated surface dry, saturated surface wet, dry with bonding grout, and saturated with bonding grout surfaces of concrete slabs, they were covered with wet hessian and polythene sheets for curing. At the age of 28 days, friction-transfer tests were performed to evaluate the adhesion. The results indicate that while dry and saturated wet surfaces produced the lowest bond strength, the application of cement bonding grout improved the bond strength significantly. The results also showed that despite the noticeable correlations between the adhesion and the results of different flow tests, aggregate/cement ratio, fly ash/cement ratio, compressive strength, and water/powder ratio, the effect of the other constituents of the employed self-compacting overlays on their adhesion were not so significant. In order to predict the adhesion of self-compacting mixtures applied to concrete substrates, a fuzzy logic model was also devised. The results obtained from the fuzzy logic prediction model were compared with the average results of the friction-transfer method and found to be in very close agreement. The results show that fuzzy logic can be used to predict adhesion of self-compacting overlays.     

单孔炭化室底砖更换的工艺过程

焦炉是由各种耐火砖砌筑而成结构复杂的工业窑炉。焦炉在生产过程中由于很多原因,会使焦炉耐火砖出现剥蚀或损坏,为了保证焦炉的连续生产,炉体的各项维修一般都在热态修补下进行。文章简要介绍了单孔炭化室底砖整体更换的工艺过程,供同行参考。     

干法熄焦技术进展及应用前景

概述了湿法熄焦和干法熄焦的原理和工艺流程,通过对二者焦炭质量和筛分组成的对比以及对干法熄焦节能和环保效果的分析,得出了干法熄焦可以提高焦炭质量,缩短炼焦周期,提高焦炉生产能力,扩大炼焦配煤品种,提高节能和环保效果,认为干法熄焦技术有广阔的应用前景。     

Carbon spheres in metallurgical coke

Carbon spheres (CSs) of 1-15 μm in size were found in metallurgical coke for the first time as by-products of large-scale industrial process. CSs form a dense cover on the surface of pores and occur as separate aggregates varying in size and shape. Their formation may be associated with the circulation of coke oven gas in the contact area between the coke and the refractory silica bricks of the oven. If the amount of CSs in metallurgical coke proves substantial, the evaluation of its properties (reactivity, strength) should be re-considered.     

Effect of elevated temperatures on the residual mechanical properties of high-performance mortar

The effect of high temperature on the mechanical properties of high-strength mortar was investigated. Specimens were heated up to elevated temperatures (300, 600, 900 °C ) without loading. After being exposed to these oven temperatures, the residual modulus of elasticity, flexural strength and compressive strength of the specimens were determined. The effect of the rate of heating, duration of exposure to maximum temperature and the role of graphite powder, which is known as a high-temperature refractory material on the behavior of the mortar specimens, were observed. Temperatures up to 600 °C resulted in considerable losses in mechanical properties, and at 900 °C, specimens lost almost all of their strength. Higher rate of heating and exposure to the maximum temperature for a shorter period of time resulted in higher residual properties. The useful effect of graphite addition on the residual compressive strength and modulus of elasticity of the mortar specimens as percentages of initial values for each of the heating cycles are clearly observed.