补片形状对复合材料胶接贴补修补影响的预测与试验研究

为研究复合材料胶接贴补方法的修补性能,对胶接结构开展了准静态拉伸试验,研究了室温下T9001复合材料胶接修补结构的静拉伸载荷-位移行为。以三维逐渐损伤理论为基础,创建了复合材料胶接修补模型,利用APDL语言实现对不同补片形状的胶接修补结构在静拉伸载荷作用下的最终失效载荷的预测分析。同时,进行相关试验,测得的胶接修补结构的失效载荷与预测结果吻合较好。结果表明,正放的方形补片的修补效果最佳。最后利用X光机对胶接修补结构的最终损伤模式及损伤范围进行了检测,试验结果与计算预测结果较吻合。     

复合材料胶接修补结构疲劳性能的数值和试验研究

为研究室温下复合材料胶接修补结构的疲劳性能,以三维渐进损伤理论为基础,创建了复合材料胶接修补模型,利用材料损伤判断子程序实现对修补结构的静拉伸失效载荷及剩余强度的预测分析,并进行了相关试验的对比分析。采用5种不同尺寸的圆形补片来评价修补效果,并利用超景深仪对修补试件的疲劳损伤扩展模式进行微观测量。结果表明:静载拉伸中,尺寸为3.5r的修补结构承载能力最好;疲劳循环中,尺寸为2.5r的修补结构剩余强度提升效果最好;疲劳载荷下,当循环次数较低时,修补结构的主要损伤为基体开裂,而随着循环次数的增大,主要损伤为纤维断裂。     

激光表面处理提高铝合金胶接接头强度的研究

粘接作为重要的汽车轻量化连接技术之一,胶接接头的强度和性能是我们关注的重点,胶接接头的强度和性能完全取决于胶粘剂接触的表面类型,因此在粘接之前对基材表面进行一定处理是粘接工艺中最重要的环节之一。金属的表面处理包括溶剂擦拭、机械打磨、化学清洗和酸蚀。激光表面处理是一种新型绿色环保的表面处理工艺,它可以高速有效的清洁材料表面附着物,并且改变材料表面微观结构及材料表面自由能及浸润性。从而提高粘接接头十字拉伸强度、单搭接拉伸剪切强度和接头耐水性能。通过激光处理,所有接头的破坏形式由界面破坏转为内聚破坏。对铝合金环氧结构胶2098G胶接接头而言,十字拉伸强度、剪切强度和水浴剪切强度,激光处理后比溶剂擦拭分别提高了17.8%,133.8%,88.1%。对铝合金聚氨酯结构胶TS6015胶接接头而言,十字拉伸强度、剪切强度和水浴剪切强度,激光处理后比溶剂擦拭分别提高了698%,225%,223%。激光表面处理有效的使铝合金胶接接头的强度达到胶的本体强度的94%~100%,是铝合金粘接的有效表面处理方法。     

材料线膨胀系数对拉伸剪切性能的影响

为了研究被粘接材料的线膨胀系数对胶接件拉伸剪切性能的影响,用改性环氧树脂(EP)胶粘剂粘接不同材料,并对该胶接件进行拉伸剪切强度试验和温度影响试验。研究结果表明,被粘接材料的线膨胀系数不同会导致胶层在热冷变化过程中受到内应力作用而破坏,同时热空气进入胶层会导致胶层氧化变色,致使胶粘剂界面结合强度和胶粘剂自身强度降低;两种被粘接材料的线膨胀系数差异越大,经热冷变化后胶接件的拉伸剪切性能越低;在相同条件下,热冷变化温差越大,胶接件的拉伸剪切性能越低。     

三维编织复合材料胶接接头力学性能试验研究

为了比较三维编织复合材料阶梯型和嵌套式搭接接头的胶接修复效果,对搭接长度相同的两种接头进行了拉伸和弯曲力学性能研究。通过实验得到两种接头及完好试件的载荷-位移曲线,对比了修补后的试件强度与完好试件的强度,得到了接头试件的修复效率,并分析和总结了拉伸与弯曲试验试件的损伤过程及损伤形貌。实验结果显示:阶梯型胶接接头拉伸载荷作用下的修复率为37.75%,弯曲载荷作用下的修复率为66.25%;嵌套式胶接接头拉伸载荷作用下的修复率为18.97%,弯曲载荷作用下的修复率为21.44%。对比试验结果得出阶梯型胶接接头力学性能较好。     

太阳能电池胶接结构在真空热循环下粘接性能研究

利用模拟空间热循环温度场设备对太阳能电池中石英玻璃盖片 /硅橡胶粘合剂 /硅晶片胶接结构进行了真空热循环试验 ( 12 3～ 4 0 3K ,10 -5Pa)。测试了热循环前后胶接试样的拉伸剪切性能、质损率和表面残余应力 ,观察了拉伸剪切断口形貌。结果表明 ,胶接试样室温拉伸剪切强度随热循环次数的增加而增强后下降 ,相应的断口破坏类型由混合型破坏转变为内聚破坏 ,最后为界面破坏 ,且胶接结构表面残余应力的变化为 :拉应力→零应力→压应力     

飞机修补胶的研制

飞机修补胶是一种可在较低温度固化具有耐高温性能的环氧酸酐型胶粘剂。该胶在100℃固化3h，常温剪切强度为30．6MPa、175℃剪切强度为12．8MPa、板剥离强度为4．1kN／m、蜂窝剥离强度为3．3kN／m；具有良好的耐介质浸泡、耐热老化、耐湿热老化等综合性能。该胶对表面采用不同方法处理的多种金属和非金属材料均有较好的粘接强度。在-60℃～175℃范围内，用于板—板和板—芯各种胶接部件的修补粘合。     

基于内聚力模型的斜接修补复合材料强度分析

在战争环境下,机身复合材料损坏会降低战机战斗力,如何通过修补恢复战机的作战能力是一个急需解决的问题。为探究修补复合材料的强度恢复规律,本文基于内聚力模型和有限单元法,建立斜接修补复合材料强度预测模型,并对缺陷尺寸、修复斜度等因素对强度的影响进行分析。结果表明:在0°与90°铺层的交点处出现应力集中现象,可达平均应力的6.3倍之多,该应力集中效应可能是斜接修复复合材料损伤的始发诱因。随着缺陷尺寸的增加,修复强度呈降低趋势。修补复合材料初期损伤主要萌生于胶层内部,当损伤尺寸大于3 mm后,损伤路径沿着界面发展。随着修补斜度的增加,强度呈增加趋势。从修补效率来看,斜度大于1∶15即满足修补要求。研究成果可为提升飞机复合材料修复工艺及修复效率评估提供理论依据。     

操作环境湿度对FM73M胶膜性能的影响

通过人工控制施工区域湿度的方法,来研究FM73M胶膜和BR127底胶在相对湿度达到70%情况下的强度表现,并在此环境下将胶膜暴露不同的时间来观察暴露时间对胶接性能的影响。对胶接测试试样进行滚筒剥离、拉伸搭接剪切和楔形抗裂纹扩展测试,结果表明,所有试样的测试结果均符合工艺规范的要求。将操作间的相对湿度上限提升至70%时,FM73M胶膜和BR127胶黏剂所提供的胶接强度依然能够满足工艺规范的要求,与此同时,将相关工艺规范中的湿度要求予以更改。     

金属损伤结构的复合材料修补技术研究

概述了金属损伤结构的三种主要修补技术,重点介绍了复合材料胶接修补技术的影响因素,包括金属结构的表面处理、复合材料补片材料、胶粘剂和修复工艺,并分析了复合材料修补金属结构的应用现状.     

氢气纯度分析方法准确性的探讨

ONACCURACYOFANALYSISOFOFHYDROGEN1前言我公司目前应用的氢气纯度分析方法有两种,一种是爆炸反应法,另一种是焦性没食子酸吸收法。几年来,人们对两种分析方法的准确性曾有过褒贬不一的评论。这里我们也谈谈自己粗浅的观点。2爆炸法测定氢气纯度一定量的氢气样品与适量的空气之均匀混合物因反应后生成液体水而引起气体体积减少,减少的体积等于参加反应气体体积之和。其中l／3为氧气,2／3为氢气。根据氢气取样量和反应前后混气体体积之差,以及氢气在反应中的体积比例关系,可计算出样品的氢气纯度。计算公式式中：A一混…     

COMPARISON OF METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF GYPSUM1

The different analytical methods proposed for the evaluation of gypsum have been subjected to an experimental test. A combination method, consisting of a fusion with KHCO₃ and determination of CaO by KMnO₄ titration, the SO₃ by Andrews method of titration of BaCrO₄ has been found to give very reliable results with the least consumption of time.     

SEDIMENTATION OF BINARY MIXTURES OF PARTICLES OF UNEQUAL DENSITIES AND OF DIFFERENT SIZES

A model is developed for the sedimentation from a suspension of two particle species of unequal densities and of different sizes. The composition and the thickness of various layers in the sediments are predicted using graphical and analytical methods. The model predictions were in excellent agreement with experimental results, when the particle size ratio was ≥ 108. When size ratio of the particles was 2.60 and 4.31 the agreement occurred in about 50 percent of the cases.     

HEASUREHENT OF INSTANTANEOUS RATES OF LOSS OF VOIATILE COMPOUNDS DURING DRYING OF DROPS

A novel technique serves to monitor instantaneous rates of loss of a volatile solute from a suspended drop during drying. A highly sensitive electron capture detector is used to monitor concentrations of SF6 released into a flowing gas stream from a suspended, drying drop. Simultaneously, the appearance and morphological development of the drop are monitored with a video camera. This provides the wherewithal of relating instantaneous rates of loss of the volatile solute to particular events during the development of particle morphology.

Initial experiments have been carried out with drops of aqueous solutions of glucose, sucrose, maltodextrin and coffee extract. The results clearly display the onset of the volatiles-retentive selective diffusion phenomenon. There is also substantial loss of the volatile component later in the drying process, when the drops undergo repeated ex ansion, bursting and cratering due to the formation of internaf bubbles. These experiments appear to be the first quantitative demonstration of major losses accompanying changes in drop morphology.     

茶多酚提取方法进展

本文综述了国内外现有茶多酚提取方法的现状以及近期的研究进展，并对其优缺点进行了评价。这将有助于中低档茶的综合利用和茶多酚的进一步开发应用。     

几种针状焦性能对比

针状焦分石油系和煤系两大类,这主要取决于针状焦的原料来源。在同一系列中由于原料不同和工艺条件不同 ,针状焦的各自性能也不相同。针状焦是生产超高功率石墨电极和高功率石墨电极的主要原料 ,针状焦的性能对石墨电极的质量有至关重要的影响。所以对针状焦性能以及其对石墨电极质量影响的研究十分必要的。以下是常用的几种进口针状焦和国产针状焦的性能对比。１原料性能分析对比原料试样包括４种针状焦 ,其中两种为进口针状焦：三菱针状焦和新日化针状焦;另两种为国产针状焦：鞍山针状焦和锦州针状焦。其中除锦州针状焦是石油系针状焦外…     

ANALYSIS OF RECENT MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITY OF GLASSES

Viscosity of Simple Soda-Silicate 500° to 1400°C Comparison of the results given by English with those of Washburn, Shelton and Libman, indicates a discrepancy in the absolute values of log₁₀ viscosity amounting to 0.6, those of Washburn et al., being relatively too high. If correction for this is made, the isothermal curves of log₁₀ viscosity as a function of soda content are smooth up to 50% Na₂O, showing no inflection. The observations as a function of temperature T are all represented within accidental error by an equation of the type where all three constants vary regularly with the composition. Change of Viscosity of Glass (6SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to Molecular Substitution of CaO, MgO and Al₂O₃ for Na₂O The effect is clearly brought out by plotting (from the results of English) the change of log₁₀η due to the substitution as a function of temperature. The curves each show a sharp bend at a temperature between 840° and 1050°C, which is designated the aggregation temperature T_a. If we divide these curves by the corresponding percentage substituted, we get curves for each oxide which are straight and parallel below the aggregation temperatures, the slopes (increase of change of log₁₀η per 100°C) being −0.056 (CaO), −0.055 (MgO), −0.018 (A1₂O₃) per per cent oxide substituted. For substitution of 1/2 molecule the slopes are −0.325 (CaO), −0.23 (MgO) and −0.18 (Al₂O₃) per 100°. At the aggregation temperature the change of log₁₀η per per cent is a minimum, 0.03 to 0.06 for CaO, 0.12 for MgO, 0.07 for Al₂O₃. Evidence of Aggregation in Glasses, from viscosity Measurements The sharp bends in the plots of change of log₁₀η due to substitution of an oxide for Na₂O, suggest the beginning of molecular aggregation at these temperatures. These aggregation temperatures are close to the devitrification temperatures, but the effect on the viscosity curves cannot be due to actual devitrification since it does not change with time. Taking the aggregation temperatures as equal to devitrification temperatures, additional isotherms are roughly sketched into the equilibrium triangle of the system Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂. Change of Viscosity of Glass (4SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to of Substitution of B₂O₃ for SiO₂ The change of log₁₀η (from the results of English) is plotted as a function of temperature, and also the change of log₁₀η per per cent B₂O₃. The curves are more complex than for the substitution for Na₂O.     

环氧树脂羟基值测定方法的研究

利用乙酸酐、吡啶和浓硫酸混合的乙酰化试剂测定环氧树脂中羟基值含量的方法具有操作简便、滴定终点明显和分析结果误差小等优点。     

骑式摩托车油箱喷涂工艺的改进

面对日益激烈的市场竞争,摩托车油箱外观质量越来越成为影响销售的因素之一。文章介绍了改进工艺后的油箱涂装,该涂装体系提高了油箱外观的丰满度,降低了油箱涂装的生产成本。     

聚酰亚胺的合成法

本文评述了缩聚型聚酰亚胺的主要合成方法和近年来国际上在合成中所做的探索。