影响网络学习因素研究

网络学习已面向中学教学，中学生在网络学习中会受到多方面因素的影响，这些影响因素对中学生的网络学习又会产生不同的学习效果。文中为了了解影响网络学习因素，采用问卷调查的方法，以安庆地区中学生为研究对象，对学生的自主学习能力状况、家庭学习条件状况和学校学习条件状况等方面来研究影响网络学习因素，并根据调查结果分析影响网络学习效果的因素，及提高网络学习效果的方法。     

中学生网络学习现状调查分析──鸣凰中学匡衡网络自主学习平台个案研究

文章采用半开放式问卷方法，以常州市鸣凰中学参加匡衡网络自主学习的学生作为研究对象，统计了可能影响其网络学习效果的相关因素。通过调查结果，我们总结出了中学生网络学习的特点。     

影响大学生网络学习因素的研究

利用网络来丰富自己的专业技能,已成为大学生学习的重要组成部分。大学生作为网络使用者最为活跃的群体之一,网络学习效果却不尽如人意。本文以相关理论为依据,通过问卷调查了解大学生网络学习现状,针对影响大学生网络学习的相关因素进行研究,以期能够提高大学生网络学习效率。     

网络环境下自主学习调查与分析

针对网络环境下自主学习效率低下的现象,通过调查研究,发现学习动机、网络资源、老师辅导是影响网络自主学习效果的主要因素,分析了造成这种低效的原因,并探讨了提高网络自主学习效率的措施。     

影响网络自主学习效果的因素分析与研究

本文以部分广州地区高校师生为研究对象。分析与研究了影响基于网络资源的网络自主学习效果的因素，旨在有效地克服自主学习的低效现象。     

大学生网络学习资源利用现状及对策研究

网络学习资源有利于学生的自主学习,可提高大学生的学习效率和学习效果,同时也有利于学生视野的拓展和创造力的培养。不少研究者已经对大学生网络学习资源的利用进行了实证研究,通过对这些研究结果进行因素分析发现,当前大学生网络学习资源的利用存在着较为一致的共性:利用频率低、各种资源利用频率不同、大学生认同网络学习资源的重要性、大学生信息素养有待提高,通过深入分析问题产生的原因,探讨了提高大学生网络学习资源利用的有效途径。     

基于网络教学的学习活动设计和质量监控研究

网络教学已经成为学习者的主要学习方式或辅助学习方式,但由于网络教学的广泛性、自由性和灵活性而产生了难于跟踪学生的学习状况,难于监督管理等问题成为网络教学亟待解决的问题。本研究将针对这些这些问题,探索基于网络教学的学生在线学习活动设计与监控管理学生学习效果的教学模式。     

明确主题,永葆活力——以网络课程“数字摄影技术与艺术”为例

网络学习主题和学习资源是构成网络学习共同体的重要因素,明确的学习主题任务,完善的学习资源,是滋育学习共同体的阳光、空气和水分,充分发挥它们的作用,能够大大提高网络学习效果,对构建并保持网络学习共同体的活跃性有着极其重要的作用和意义。     

网络环境下互动学习模式对大学计算机基础学习效果的影响

应用合作学习理论,探讨网络合作学习方法是否适用于独立学院非计算机专业的计算机应用基础课程,是否可以提升学生的学习效果及学习动机。实验表明对学习基础差的学习动机有提升,网络合作学习对计算机应用基础的学习效果有帮助。学习基础差的学生其合作态度高于学习基础好的学生。     

数据挖掘技术支持下的大学生网络学习行为探讨

与课堂学习模式相比,网络学习缺乏监督与规范,学生的学习效果、学习效率很难得到有效保障。基于此,笔者先对网络学习行为和数据挖掘的概念进行分析,然后将数据挖掘技术应用于大学生网络学习行为分析领域,对大学生的学习行为与学习效果进行关联分析,在确定学生网络学习特点的基础上,进行大学生个性化网络学习平台设计,旨在帮助学生提升学习资源采集效率、提高学习行为质量。     

Examining Factors That Influence the Effectiveness of Learning Objects in Mathematics Classrooms

Abstract

Learning objects are interactive online tools that support the acquisition of specific concepts. Limited research has been conducted on factors that affect the use of learning objects in K–12 mathematics classrooms. The current study examines the influence of student characteristics (gender, age, computer comfort level, subject comfort level, and mathematics grade), instructional design (structured vs. open ended), and teaching strategy (teacher led vs. student based) on student attitudes toward the use of learning objects and learning performance. Data in the form of surveys and pre- and posttests were collected from 286 middle and secondary school students. Higher computer and subject area comfort ratings were significantly correlated with more positive student attitudes about learning objects. Older students in higher grades learned more than younger students in lower grades after using learning objects. Learning performance was significantly higher for students who used structured (vs. open-ended) learning objects and participated in teacher-led (vs. student-based) lessons. It is speculated that younger students might need more scaffolding when using mathematics-based learning objects.     

Collaboration,connectedness, and community: An examination of the factors influencing student persistence in virtual communities

Institutions of higher education are being called upon to provide a more robust pathway to a college degree and improve upon the advanced workforce for the needs of the 21st century. While active collaborative learning environments have been encouraged in higher education to improve student engagement, there is a gap in the literature when it comes to connecting the two research areas of collaborative learning and student intention to persist. This research fills this gap by creating and conducting research to examine a model that measures the factors that significantly influence a student's persistence in a virtual collaborative learning environment. The model examines how collaborative learning, campus connectedness, sense of community, organizational commitment, and turnover intention influence student persistence. The model was tested using a sample of students who participated in a virtual learning community (VLC) and the results suggest that all but one of the factors were found to significantly influence student persistence, with the final factor dependent on the number of hours of system usage. We discuss the implications of the research and the model for team-based theory and organizational practice in education and teamwork.     

基于对抗学习和知识蒸馏的神经网络压缩算法

针对基于深度学习的人脸识别模型难以在嵌入式设备进行部署和实时性能差的问题,深入研究了现有的模型压缩和加速算法,提出了一种基于知识蒸馏和对抗学习的神经网络压缩算法。算法框架由三部分组成,预训练的大规模教师网络、轻量级的学生网络和辅助对抗学习的判别器。改进传统的知识蒸馏损失,增加指示函数,使学生网络只学习教师网络正确识别的分类概率;鉴于中间层特征图具有丰富的高维特征,引入对抗学习策略中的判别器,鉴别学生网络与教师网络在特征图层面的差异;为了进一步提高学生网络的泛化能力,使其能够应用于不同的机器视觉任务,在训练的后半部分教师网络和学生网络相互学习,交替更新,使学生网络能够探索自己的最优解空间。分别在CASIA WEBFACE和CelebA两个数据集上进行验证,实验结果表明知识蒸馏得到的小尺寸学生网络相较全监督训练的教师网络,识别准确率仅下降了1.5%左右。同时将本研究所提方法与面向特征图知识蒸馏算法和基于对抗学习训练的模型压缩算法进行对比,所提方法具有较高的人脸识别准确率。     

The reality of virtual schools: A review of the literature

Virtual schooling was first employed in the mid-1990s and has become a common method of distance education used in K-12 jurisdictions. The most accepted definition of a virtual school is an entity approved by a state or governing body that offers courses through distance delivery – most commonly using the Internet. While virtual schools can be classified in different ways, the three common methods of delivery are by independent, asynchronous or synchronous means. Presently, the vast majority of virtual school students tended to be a select group of academically capable, motivated, independent learners. The benefits associated with virtual schooling are expanding educational access, providing high-quality learning opportunities, improving student outcomes and skills, allowing for educational choice, and achieving administrative efficiency. However, the research to support these conjectures is limited at best. The challenges associated with virtual schooling include the conclusion that the only students typically successful in online learning environments are those who have independent orientations towards learning, highly motivated by intrinsic sources, and have strong time management, literacy, and technology skills. These characteristics are typically associated with adult learners. This stems from the fact that research into and practice of distance education has typically been targeted to adult learners. The problem with this focus is that adults learn differently than younger learners. Researchers are calling for more research into the factors that account for K-12 student success in distance education and virtual school environments and more design research approaches than traditional comparisons of student achievement in traditional and virtual schools.     

A study of student satisfaction in a blended e-learning system environment

This study proposes a research model that examines the determinants of student learning satisfaction in a blended e-learning system (BELS) environment, based on social cognitive theory. The research model is tested using a questionnaire survey of 212 participants. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to test the reliability and validity of the measurements. The partial least squares (PLS) method was used to validate the measurement and hypotheses. The empirical findings indicate that computer self-efficacy, performance expectations, system functionality, content feature, interaction, and learning climate are the primary determinants of student learning satisfaction with BELS. The results also show that learning climate and performance expectations significantly affect learning satisfaction. Computer self-efficacy, system functionality, content feature and interaction significantly affect performance expectations. Interaction has a significant effect on learning climate. The findings provide insight into those factors that are likely significant antecedents for planning and implementing a blended e-learning system to enhance student learning satisfaction.     

智能授导系统中的学生建模研究

学生模型是智能授导系统的重要组成部分,而学生学习过程中存在大量的不确定性因素和不确定性信息.贝叶斯网络作为一种表达不确定性知识的有效工具,在许多领域都得到了广泛的应用.本文将介绍一种利用贝叶斯网络建立学生模型的方法.     

A contextual game-based learning approach to improving students' inquiry-based learning performance in social studies courses

Inquiry-based learning, an effective instructional strategy, can be in the form of a problem or task for triggering student engagement. However, how to situate students in meaningful inquiry activities remains to be settled, especially for social studies courses. In this study, a contextual educational computer game is developed to improve students' learning performance based on an inquiry-based learning strategy. An experiment has been conducted on an elementary school social studies course to evaluate the effects of the proposed approach on the inquiry-based learning performances of students with different learning styles. The experimental results indicate that the proposed approach effectively enhanced the students' learning effects in terms of their learning achievement, learning motivation, satisfaction degree and flow state. Furthermore, it is also found that the proposed approach benefited the “active” learning style students more than the “reflective” style students in terms of learning achievement. This suggests the need to provide additional supports to students with particular learning styles in the future.     

An interactive whiteboard student survey: Development,validity and reliability

The interactive whiteboard (IWB) has become a popular technology for instructors over the last decade. Though research asserts that the IWBs facilitate learning in different ways, there is a lack of studies examining actual IWB use in classroom settings based on learners’ perspectives by means of valid instruments. The purpose of this study is to develop a valid and reliable interactive whiteboard student survey in order to evaluate the IWB use based on perceptions of students who have been taught with IWBs. In establishing the theoretical base of the survey, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and constructivist learning theories were considered. In addition, with respect to IWB use in classrooms, a number of studies emanated from countries such as the UK, the USA, and Australia were examined, and similar research questionnaires and findings and also reflections of students about IWBs were utilized to create an item pool. A 39-item survey was conducted among middle school students (N = 263) from the city of Istanbul in Turkey. Collected data was exposed to exploratory factor analysis and resulted in a 26-item, three-factor survey, whose factors were named as the perceived efficiency of IWB, perceived learning contribution and motivation, and the perceived negative effects of IWB. The results of the analyses illustrated that this new IWB student scale, which explains 50% of the total variance with a good level of Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient (0.93) is a valid and reliable instrument designed specifically for measuring the use of IWBs in real classroom settings. Besides, theoretical foundations of interactive whiteboard use, the development process of the instrument, and results of validity and reliability analyses were discussed in detail.     

Antecedents and consequences of e‐learning acceptance

Based on the technology acceptance model (TAM), this study uses the framework of the extended TAM to examine the antecedents and consequences for employees' acceptance of the e‐learning system within financial services organizations. The total of 328 useable responses collected from eight international or domestic financial services companies in Taiwan were tested against the model using structural equation modelling (SEM). The main research results are summarized as follows in terms of the antecedents of e‐learning acceptance and its impact on employees' perceived performance. Four types of determinants are demonstrated: individual factors, system factors, social factors and network externality factor. Finally, this study proposes relevant suggestions for practitioners and future researchers.     

Middle school students' flipped learning readiness in foreign language classrooms: Exploring its relationship with personal characteristics and individual circumstances

This study surveyed 387 middle school 7th – graders' flipped learning readiness in their English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) classrooms and explored the effects of personal characteristics on their readiness levels. These personal characteristics included gender, the availability of outside-school support and resources, foreign language beliefs, perceptions of their English teachers, and how they use the Internet. Through factor analysis, flipped learning readiness consists of five dimensions: learner control and self-directed learning, technology self-efficacy, motivation for learning, in-class communication self-efficacy, and doing previews. It was found that personal characteristics and individual circumstances, including language beliefs, student perceptions of teacher characteristics, the availability of outside-school support and resources, learning performance, study time and net-surfing time, can make a difference to the levels of the readiness dimensions. These findings may shed light on the middle schoolers' flipped learning readiness in EFL classrooms and provide insights for teachers wanting to incorporate individualized instruction in the flipped classroom.