冷冻机油对R134a冰箱压缩机性能的影响

研究了冷冻机油对Ｒ３１４ａ旋转式冰箱压缩机性能的影响。对比实验表明，国产的冷冻机油能够满足制冷剂替代对冷冻机油特性的要求。     

纳米冷冻机油的制备及其在转子压缩机中的应用

采用物理化学相结合的方法制备了分散稳定的4种纳米冷冻机油。并将其应用于转子压缩机中,对转子压缩机分别进行了性能试验测试和加速寿命实验。试验结果表明,应用纳米冷冻机油的压缩机运行正常,不同的纳米冷冻机油对其性能影响不同。其中,制冷量均有提高,最大可提高0.79%;输入功率均有降低,最多可降低2.35%;性能系数平均提高2.06%,最多提高了2.97%。压缩机加速寿命试验后运转正常。认为采用纳米冷冻机油后,压缩机可以安全、稳定、高效地运行。     

采用加氢基础油的L-DRG10全封闭冷冻机油研制

为开发一种满足R600a制冷压缩机使用工况要求的低黏度全封闭冷冻机油,结合环烷基加氢基础油优良的低温性能和石蜡基加氢基础油优良的热稳定性、黏温性能,优选出合格的L-DRG10全封闭冷冻机油基础油组成;再通过添加抗氧剂、抗泡剂、抗磨剂等功能添加剂,研制出符合GB/T 16630-2012的适用于R600a全封闭压缩机的L-DRG10全封闭冷冻机油。评价结果表明,研制的L-DRG10全封闭冷冻机油具有良好的低温性和润滑性,与制冷剂共存时有良好的相溶性和热-化学稳定性。     

纳米颗粒在矿物基冷冻机油中的分散及对其性质的影响

纳米颗粒的加入可以改变矿物基冷冻机油的性质,使其与HFCs类制冷剂有较好的相容性。但是纳米颗粒粒径在纳米量级,有表面效应、体积效应、小尺寸效应以及隧道效应,因此纳米颗粒在冷冻机油中的分散是一个复杂的物理化学过程,需要物理震荡或分散剂的加入,通过位阻效应或化学键的结合来实现均匀稳定分散。     

纳米NiFe_2O_4与OLFs冷冻机油对往复式冰箱压缩机性能的影响

采用MINICER 993.0490分散机将纳米铁酸镍(n-NiFe_2O_4)和纳米洋葱状富勒烯(onion-like fullerenes,OLFs)添加到KFR22中制备出纳米冷冻机油。采用SRV(II)摩擦磨损试验机测试了该冷冻机油在冰箱压缩机工况下往复运动的润滑性能。依据SH/T0762-2005和GB/T5773-2004规定的测试方法和条件,对采用此纳米冷冻机油冰箱用往复压缩机性能进行了对比检测。结果表明:采用此纳米冷冻机油后压缩机的平均性能系数COP由1.5提高至1.58,增加5.3%。     

碳酸二月桂酯基础油的合成、表征及其润滑性能研究

以碳酸二甲酯（DMC）和月桂醇（C12 H25 OH）为原料,甲醇钠为催化剂,采用两步法高效制备碳酸二月桂酯（DDC）。采用红外光谱、质谱、氢谱及碳谱对反应产物结构进行表征,考察反应条件对产物的影响。结果表明,优化条件下,产品收率达89％以上,在100和40℃时的运动黏度分别为3．43和11．77 mm2／s,黏度指数为184,适合作为高黏度指数润滑剂基础油;与传统酯类油癸二酸二异辛酯相比,其具有更加优异的极压抗磨性。     

R134A充注量对内藏式冷柜系统影响的试验研究

内藏式冷柜制冷剂容量较小,系统中制冷剂充注量的变化会对制冷性能产生较大影响。对某型号的内藏柜进行了充注量的试验研究,综合多种因素给出了制冷剂R134A的最佳充注量。通过改变系统中制冷剂充注量,研究了制冷性能参数随制冷剂充注量的变化趋势,为合理确定制冷剂充注量提供了一定的依据。     

碳酸酯对Ti6Al4V/钢摩擦副摩擦磨损性能的影响

采用SRV型微动摩擦磨损实验机分别考察了Ti6Al4V-钢摩擦副在2种碳酸酯润滑下的摩擦磨损性能,并利用扫描电子显微镜和X射线光电子能谱仪分析了Ti6Al4V磨斑表面形貌和典型元素的化学状态。结果表明,2种碳酸酯作为Ti6Al4V/钢摩擦副的润滑剂所表现出的减摩抗磨和承载能力优于其相对应的脂肪醇;载荷和频率明显影响Ti6Al4V/钢摩擦副在碳酸酯润滑下的摩擦磨损行为;碳酸二-2-乙基己酯所表现出的减摩抗磨和承载能力明显优于碳酸二辛酯;2种碳酸酯对Ti6Al4V/钢摩擦副的润滑机制为在Ti6Al4V磨损表面形成吸附膜,从而起到减摩抗磨的作用。     

汽车空调系统中用烃混合物取代HFC-134a的可行性分析和实验研究

随着全球气候变暖的影响，对现有空调系统制冷剂取代问题的研究也越来越深入。针对汽车空调，从理论和实际两个方面论证用烃混合物取代HFC-134a的可行性。并证明，丙炕（R290），丁烷（R600）和异丁烷（R600a）按照50%、40％、10％的比例混合是取代HFC-134a的最佳比例。     

Tribological behavior and tribochemical reactions of alumina in HFC-134a environment

The tribological behavior of alumina (Al₂O₃) in CF₃CH₂F (HFC-134a) gas at pressures between 170 Pa and 10⁵ Pa were investigated using a ball-on-disk type tribometer. For comparison, the friction test was also carried out in a vacuum (10⁻⁵ Pa) under the same experimental conditions. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Time of Flight Secondary Ions Mass Spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) were used to identify the formation of tribochemical products.It was found that the friction and wear properties of Al₂O₃ were strongly dependent on the pressure of HFC-134a gas. A higher pressure correlated to a lower friction coefficient. When the pressure exceeded 10³ Pa, the wear strikingly decreased. The results of XPS and TOF-SIMS analyses identified that tribochemical films, mainly composed of fluorine-containing organic compounds and Al-oxyfluorides, were produced on the frictional surfaces. In addition, it was found that the amount of the fluorides correlated well to the friction and wear properties, that is, the more the fluorides were, the lower were the friction and wear. The results of research indicate that HFC-134a gas has a good lubricating effect for Al₂O₃ ceramic, which is attributed to the formation of the tribofilms at the frictional interface.     

Structure effect of refrigeration polyolester oils for use in HFC-134a compressors

A study of polyolester oils (POE) for compressors using an ozone-friendly refrigerant is presented here. The effect of the chemical structure of POE was studied in relation to three lubricant properties: miscibility with HFC-134a (CF₃-CH₂F), lubricity (steel-on-steel and aluminium-on-steel contacts), and viscosity. The paper shows the strong structure effect of POE on miscibility and lubricity. Based on the data obtained, some model lubricants were blended, and the performance of these lubricants was assessed on refrigeration test rigs.     

一种应用在车载石油钻机上具有互锁性的变速箱换挡机构

通过对现有车载石油钻机变速器上换挡装置的分析,利用限位销的原理,实现车载石油钻机变速箱中换挡机构的互锁。当动力输入端1工作时,会使动力输入端2处于休息状态,限制其工作。当动力输入端2工作时,它又会反过来限制动力输入端1工作,保证只有一个动力输入端工作,达到远程互锁,保护电机,防止误操作。