SDS／C16 mimBr复配中相微乳液的δ-γ“鱼状”相图研究

运用δ-γ“鱼状”相图法,以SDS—C16 mimBr／正丁醇／正辛烷／2．5％ NaCl水溶液四元体系微乳液为例,研究了十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）与离子液体表面活性剂溴代1-十六烷基-3-甲基咪唑（C16 mimBr）复配体系的中相微乳液相行为,及有关物理化学参数的求算。     

双覆层云母珠光颜料制备研究

采用液相沉积法制备云母钛珠光颜料,在制备单覆层TiO2／Mica的基础上再包裹一层Cr2O3得到双覆层云母钛,针对形成双覆层中探讨沉积过程的主要条件一煅烧温度和包覆剂滴加速度对反应形成覆层效果的影响,结果表明：当反应滴定速度为0．5mL／min,煅烧温度为800℃时达到最佳珠光效果。最后通过热重分析仪分析双覆层云母钛的稳定性良好。     

阴离子型微乳洗涤剂洗涤过程动力学研究

采用微乳手段，将十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、癸烷、正丁醇与水制成微乳液。当m(SDS)：m(C10H22)：m(C4H9OH)：m(H2O)=112：96：75：178时形成的微乳液对棉布上由原油形成的污垢的洗涤过程的速率方程为一级，洗涤过程活化能为13．2kJ／mol。30℃浸泡4h洗净度为88％，比用含相同质量分数的表面活性剂溶液的洗涤效果高出37％。     

幻彩型人工氟金云母钛珠光颜料制备工艺的研究

利用液相沉积法对不同粒径的氟金云母钛珠光颜料制备工艺进行了研究。探讨了反应温度、TiCl4浓度、TiCl4加料速度对幻彩系列颜料珠光效果的影响以及TiCl4用量与颜料幻彩颜色的对应关系。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察云母钛珠光颜料的表面TiO2膜形貌。研究结果表明:在反应温度为78℃、TiCl4浓度为1.5～2.0 mol/L时得到珠光颜料光泽好,其表面包覆的TiO2膜平整、连续、致密、粒径在40 nm左右。氟金云母的平均粒径越小,TiCl4的最佳加料速度越快。制备同一色彩珠光颜料时,不同粒径的氟金云母所需包覆的TiO2量以单位比表面积计基本相同,所以在颜料色彩相同情况下,只要测得氟金云母的比表面积,即可推算出不同粒径云母所需包覆的TiO2量。     

微乳液膜法萃取Cu(Ⅱ)离子的研究

采用油酸/正丁醇/碳酸钠水溶液组成的微乳体系对水相中Cu2 进行了萃取研究,考察了微乳体系组成、水相的pH、膜水比、搅拌时间以及水相中NaCl盐度等实验参数对萃取率和微乳体系乳化的影响。研究表明,当油酸︰正丁醇︰Na2CO3(1.0 mol.L-1)=5︰5︰4(体积比),油内比Roi为2.5,废水pH在1.0～1.2之间,膜水比Rew为1︰2.5,搅拌时间为6 min时,浓度为500 mg/L的Cu2 经微乳液一级萃取后,可降至0.9 mg/L,萃取率达99.80%。     

硫酸改性Hβ沸石催化合成油酸丁酯

以油酸和正丁醇为原料,硫酸改性Hβ沸石为催化剂,催化合成油酸丁酯。结果表明,适宜的酯化反应条件为：酸醇摩尔比为1：2,催化剂用量为原料总质量的5％,带水剂用量为5mL／0．05mol油酸,反应温度120oC,反应时间为5h,此时酯化率可达76．7％。     

饲料级硫酸锌含量的测定方法研究

用加入掩蔽剂来消除Cu^2 、Fe^3 、Fe^2 、Pb^2 、Al^3 、Mn^2 、Co^2 、Ni^2 、Cd^2 等离子的干扰。以二甲酚橙作指示剂，EDTA标准溶液测定饲料级硫酸锌的含量。该方法简便、准确，重现性好，终点变色敏锐。标准偏差及变异系数均小于0．2％，平均回收率为99．989／6。     

微乳液中环己烷和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵的回收

用破乳、蒸馏、萃取的方法回收组成为环己烷／十六烷基三甲基溴化铵／盐水／正丁醇的微乳液中的环己烷和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵，通过正交实验确定最佳破乳条件，结果表明：环己烷收率93．9％，十六烷基三甲基溴化铵收率38．3％。     

友刊链接

单分散纳米碳酸钙的制备和表征 采用微乳液法,利用Ca（NO3）2和Na2CO3在微乳液界面处发生反应,制备得到了分散性良好,尺寸大小为10nm左右的纳米碳酸钙。实验发现,油酸含量对碳酸钙分散性有重要影响,当油酸含量是碳酸钙质量的2．5％时,所制备的颗粒分散性良好。     

微乳液组分对体系水增溶性能及钴蓝纳米颜料性能的影响

研究了Span80－Tween60／正己醇。120^＃汽油体系中各组分质量分数对微乳液水增溶性能的影响,其中：Span80为失水山梨醇单油酸酯;Tween60为聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯。结果表明：Span80-Tween60复合表面活性剂中Span80质量分数为40%时,微乳液增溶水量达极大值。随复合表面活性剂含量的增加．微乳液增溶水量先增加后减少。随前驱液离子浓度的增加．微乳液增溶水量减少。微乳液各组分含量的改变导致微反应器性能的变化,并进一步影响所合成的CoAl2O4纳米颜料的性能。     

液相沉淀法制备超微钴蓝颜料

研究了以硝酸铝,硝酸钴等为原料,采用液相沉淀法合成具有尖晶石型结构钴蓝颜料的制备方法。系统讨论了沉淀剂种类(氢氧化钠,氨水,尿素)、反应溶液浓度、洗涤方法、分散剂等工艺因素对合成钴蓝颜料粒度和光学性能的影响。采用SEM、TEM观察了合成颜料的形貌。最终制备出二次粒径中位径d50为670nm,一次粒径在45nm左右的超微钴蓝颜料。     

酞菁染料包覆TiO2制备红外反射颜料

采用酞菁染料(直接耐晒翠蓝GL)包覆金红石型TiO2制备蓝色系列红外热反射复合颜料,研究了TiO2的包覆工艺,获得了较优的工艺条件如下:m(BaCl2)∶m(TiO2)=0.2,反应温度80 ℃,反应液pH=8.将此复合颜料制成涂料,研究了涂料的红外反射、隔热及耐酸碱性能.结果显示,含此蓝色复合颜料的涂层其红外反射率高...     

钴离子掺杂聚多巴胺/聚苯乙烯复合材料

为实现多巴胺的高效聚合,将Co~(2+)引入多巴胺反应体系中,Co~(2+)的催化作用实现了多巴胺的快速聚合。在聚苯乙烯(PS)微球上黏附聚多巴胺(PDA),与不加金属离子的反应相比,当添加的CoCl_2·6H_2O对多巴胺的物质的量分数为40%时,得到相同PDA含量的复合微球的反应时间可以从16 h缩短至1 h,并且复合微球中PDA以及Co含量随着CoCl_2·6H_2O添加量的增加以及反应时间的延长而增加。复合微球粉末经过热压得到的复合材料具有三维网络结构,Co~(2+)的加入使得PDA与PS具有更好的相容性。PDA·Co/PS复合材料的热性能和力学性能比PDA/PS有更多的提升。     

Coating organic pigment particles with hydrous alumina through direct precipitation

A novel coating process of hydrous alumina on organic pigment particles through direct precipitation in aqueous solution was developed in this work. The aqueous suspensions of organic pigment particles were prepared using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) as additives before the coating. The organic pigment particles were then coated with hydrous alumina using Al₂(SO₄)₃ as precursor. The morphology and surface states of as-coated organic pigment particles were analyzed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and zeta-potential. TEM images showed that a uniform hydrous alumina film could be formed on the organic pigment particle surface with anion surfactant SDBS. However, with cation surfactant CTAB, no alumina coating film was generated on the organic pigment particle surface.     

Preparation of high near-infrared reflectance mica/(Ni,Sb)-co-doped rutile yellow composite pigment via mechanochemical pretreatment and sintering

Mica/(Ni, Sb)-co-doped rutile yellow composite pigment with a high near-infrared reflectance was prepared via mechanochemical pretreatment and subsequent sintering. (Ni, Sb)-co-doped rutile yellow pigment was synthesized by a solid-phase method in the presence of sodium fluoride (NaF) as a mineralizer, and mica was peeled by ultrafine grinding. The pigment, mica and mica/pigment composite were characterized by X-ray diffraction, laser diffraction particle size analysis, nitrogen gas adsorption method, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible–near-infrared spectroscopy, CIEL*a*b* color scales, and infrared irradiation image, respectively. The results show that the temperature of synthesizing a pure rutile pigment in solid-phase reaction is reduced by 100°C due to the addition of mineralizer NaF. (Ni, Sb)-co-doped rutile pigment has better color rendering performance and near-infrared (NIR) reflectance. Ultrafine grinding produces the finer flatty mica particles with fresh reflective surfaces, thus improving NIR reflectance of peeled mica. In mica/pigment composite prepared via mechanochemical pretreatment and subsequent sintering, peeled mica has a synergistic effect on (Ni, Sb)-co-doped rutile pigment particles to further scatter near-infrared radiation through the multiple layer reflections, leading to a better heat insulation. The high near-infrared reflectance of composite pigment increases to 97.72%, and the b* value of the pigment synthesized with 1 wt% NaF is 37.77. For the irradiation infrared lamp, the surface temperature of aluminum plate coated with mica/(Ni, Sb)-co-doped rutile yellow composite pigment is 40.1 ± 0.2°C, which is lower than that of aluminum plate uncoated determined by thermal camera and thermocouple. When aluminum plate coated with mica/(Ni, Sb)-co-doped rutile yellow composite pigment is under sunshine, its surface temperature is 38.6 ± 0.2°C. In addition, the mechanism of preparing the composite pigment via mechanochemical pretreatment and subsequent sintering and the multiple structure reflection effect on peeled mica surface coated with (Ni, Sb)-co-doped rutile yellow pigment particles were also discussed.     

Solid-state synthesis and characterization of cobalt blue core-shell pigment particles

Cobalt blue is one of the most chemically and thermally stable blue pigments. However, cobalt is scarce and expensive. To minimize the use of cobalt and reduce production costs and toxicity, cobalt blue core-shell pigments were synthesized by a solid-state method, which is cheaper than a liquid-phase reaction. Small cobalt hydroxide particles and large α-alumina particles, in various ratios, were used as the starting materials. The dry mixed powders were calcined at 1200°C for 2 hours. Elemental mappings of the surfaces and cross sections of the synthesized particles showed that the cobalt blue had a core-shell structure. X-ray diffraction patterns showed that the synthesized cobalt blue consisted of an α-alumina core and a cobalt aluminate shell. The color tone of the synthesized cobalt blue was evaluated from the lightness (L*) and chroma (C*) values. The color tone of the cobalt blue synthesized in this study was almost same as those of commercially available samples although the cobalt molar fraction was lower than the stoichiometric ratio (Co/(Co + Al) = 0.33, Co/Al = 0.5) which was calculated from the chemical reaction formula.     

Mica/polypyrrole (doped) composite containing coatings for the corrosion protection of cold rolled steel

Micas/polypyrroles (PPys) doped with molybdate, p-toluene sulfonate, dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and 2-naphthalene sulfonate composite pigments were synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization and characterized in coatings for corrosion protection on cold rolled steel substrate by various electrochemical techniques. Synthesized composite pigments were characterized for morphology by scanning electron microscopy, which indicated physical formation of PPy on the surface of mica. Chemical composition of the composite pigments was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy which chemically confirmed doped PPy formation on the mica surface. Coatings were formulated at 20% pigment volume concentration (composite pigments or as-received mica pigment) and were applied on cold rolled steel substrate. Coatings were exposed to salt spray test conditions (ASTM B117) for 30 days and were periodically assessed for corrosion with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), open circuit potential (OCP), and potentiodynamic polarization. EIS and circuit modeling results demonstrated higher coating resistance (R _c) for mica/PPy (doped) composite coatings as compared to as-received mica pigment containing coating after 30 days of salt spray exposure. Lower current density and more positive corrosion potential values were observed for mica/PPy (doped) composite coatings as compared to mica pigment-based coating in potentiodynamic polarization measurements, indicating improved corrosion protection for cold rolled steel substrate. OCP measurements revealed more positive values for mica/PPy (doped) composite coatings as compared to mica pigment-based coating suggesting superior corrosion protection for mica/PPy (doped) composites.     

杂原子MCM-41分子筛的合成及对环己烷氧化的研究

用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为模板剂,水玻璃为硅源,在合成过程分别加入Cr3+、Co2+、Fe3+杂原子,在150℃晶化48h,水热合成了Cr-MCM-41、Co-MCM-41、Fe-MCM-41等杂原子分子筛。考察了时间、温度、催化剂用量、过氧化氢用量及催化剂再生等因素对环己烷氧化反应的影响。最佳反应条件为:温度100℃;环己烷30mmol,Cr-MCM-41为催化剂,用量0 12g;n(H2O2)/n(C6H12)=1;反应时间16h,环己烷的转化率可达28 6%,产物的酮醇摩尔比为1 89。     

两种钴蓝颜料在聚烯烃色母粒中的应用研究

通过X射线光电子能谱仪、X射线衍射仪及扫描电镜对钴蓝颜料元素种类及含量、结晶性能、颜料粒子形貌及分布的研究,了解两种钴蓝颜料的微观差异;将两种钴蓝颜料应用于色母粒,采用积分球式测色仪、显微镜和熔体流动速率仪,分析了色母粒及其着色制品的着色力、分散性能、遮盖性能及色母粒的加工流动性能差异。结果表明,恰当的钴铝含量可以使钴蓝颜料在制品中有良好的着色效果;颜料表面元素中碳含量高有利于颜料在塑料中的分散,制备的色母粒加工流动性能更好;原生粒子小的钴蓝颜料充分分散后其着色效果比原生粒子大的更好;而对于40%钴蓝颜料含量的色母粒,采用5%的蜡作为分散剂,可以达到很好的分散效果。     

Synthesis, electro-spectroelectrochemical characterization and electrocatalytic behavior towards dioxygen reduction of a new water-soluble cobalt phthalocyanine containing naphthoxy-4-sulfonic acid sodium salt

A new water-soluble cobalt phthalocyanine, 2(3), 9(10), 16(17), 23(24)-tetrakis(4-(1-naphthoxy-4-sulfonic acid sodium salt)) phthalocyaninato cobalt(II) NhtCoPc, where Nht indicates naphthoxy-4-sulfonic acid sodium salt, was synthesized and its electro-spectroelectrochemical and electrocatalytic behavior towards oxygen reduction reaction were investigated in details. The complexation reaction was monitored with the UV-vis spectral changes of NhtH₂Pc in methanol solution. The reaction was completed when the main Q-band was observed in maximum intensity. The electrochemical studies showed that the cobalt complex exhibited two reversible one-electron reductions with the corresponding anodic wave and an irreversible oxidation reaction in DMSO solution. These reduction processes were assigned to Co(2+)Pc(2−)/Co(+)Pc(2−) and Co(+)Pc(2−)/Co(+)Pc(3−) couples, respectively. The well-defined UV-vis spectra of the mono-anionic species [NhtCo(+)Pc(2−)]⁻, di-anionic species [NhtCo(+)Pc(3−)]²⁻, and mono-cationic species [NhtCo(3+)Pc(2−)]⁺, were obtained by the applied potentials (E_app = −0.60, −1.40, and 0.70 V, respectively) in a thin-layer cell. NhtCoPc was incorporated into the conductive polyaniline (PAni) films as a dopant-anion during electropolimerization in acid medium, and thus formed the Pt/PAni-NhtCoPc electrode. This modified electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as well. The addition of NhtCoPc to the polymerization solution changes markedly the morphology of the films obtained and increases the redox-activity towards oxygen reduction of the PAni film formed compared to those of Pt/PAni and bare platinum electrodes in the same experimental conditions.