蜂窝形和T字形立体机织物的织造要点

探讨蜂窝形和T字形立体机织物的织造要点。介绍了蜂窝形和纬向T字形立体机织物的设计与织造方法,包括截面形状设计、上机参数选择、上机图设计和织造步骤等。最终在普通小样织机上成功织造出了蜂窝形和纬向T字形立体机织物,节省了生产成本,织造的织物可控性好。认为:该类织物的规模化生产还需较长的时间才能实现。     

三维织物的设计与织制

三维织物是一种新型产业用纺织品。文章探讨了工字形纬向截面、蜂容结构和盒形经向截面3种三维织物的设计与织造方法。     

三维机织T型管状织物的织造研究

应用正交和管状织物结合的织造方法,将经向管状织物和纬向管状织物结合起来,并进行了合理的截面图设计、上机图设计、上机参数选择和织造要点分析等,设计织造了类似于三通管的三维机织T型管状织物,并分析了三维机织T型管状织物的优点和应用方向。     

三维异型正交涤纶机织物的设计

为满足制作三维纺织复合材料时基体截面复杂多变的需求,通过分析异型截面三维正交机织物的组织结构,采用分层正交法和接结法设计了T字型、工字型、三角型、矩型三维机织物的结构图与上机图,以高强低伸涤纶长丝为原料,在SGA598型半自动小样织机上成功试织出了三维异型正交涤纶机织物。     

蜂窝结构三维织物的设计及复合材料的制备

蜂窝织物是模拟大自然中蜜蜂蜂巢六边形结构的一种三维机织物,具有质轻、减震、隔热、隔声、比强度高等优良性能.设计了经向截面为六边形蜂窝的三维织物结构,以阻燃芳纶为主要纤维原料,采用多把梭子、分层引纬的方式进行了试织,并采用填充模具、手糊成型的方式制备了成孔良好的蜂窝三维织物复合材料.结果表明,在不考虑纱线细度的情况下,六...     

三维间隔织物复合材料的制备及拉伸性能研究

介绍三维间隔织物复合材料的制备方法,并采用Instron 5969型万能材料试验机对三维间隔织物复合材料的拉伸性能进行测试,重点分析间隔高度、经纬向等结构参数对三维间隔织物复合材料拉伸性能的影响。结果表明:三维间隔织物复合材料拉伸性能随间隔高度的增加而下降;纬向拉伸性能优于经向。     

多重纬角连锁三维机织物结构设计

分析了用于复合材料预制件的三维机织物的结构与成形类别，阐述了利用普通织机制织的多重纬角连锁三维机织物的结构特征、组织结构设计要点及一种特殊变化。     

多综眼多剑杆织机的改进设计

为了提高三维织机的织造质量和效率,介绍多综眼多剑杆织机的织造原理,并对三维织机的开口机构、引纬机构、打纬机构、送经机构和卷取机构进行优化设计。指出:通过改进织机回综弹簧之间结构、增加穿线架、采用伺服电机控制液压缸伸缩进而控制剑杆带进出综框以及采用拉线小车等,能提高梭口清晰度,减少纱线磨损,稳定经纱张力,保证异形截面与引纬行程协调,实现异形截面织物连续"卷取",使得三维织机织出的织物更加稳固,毛刺数量减少。     

三维刚性剑杆织机引纬和打纬机构的设计研究

为了合理选择三维刚性剑杆织机引纬和打纬机构的组合形式,织造不同幅宽三维间隔织物,通过对幅宽为100cm织物的三种引纬机构分别在ADAMS平台和Ansoft Maxwell 2D平台上进行建模、仿真设计,由仿真分析可知空间连杆引纬、导杆引纬和电磁引纬不仅能满足引纬的工艺要求,而且各具特点,又针对不同幅宽的间隔机织物,提出了三种不同的引纬和打纬机构,并对三种不同形式的六连杆打纬机构在ADAMS平台上进行了仿真分析与设计。指出:实际设计可根据三维机织物的组织结构和幅宽合理地选用引纬和打纬机构的组合,满足三维间隔机织物要求,拓宽其应用领域。     

聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯及弹力复合纤维T400纬向弹力交织物的弹性回复性评价

为了研究纬向弹力交织物的弹性回复性问题,选取聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯(PTT)及弹力复合纤维(T400)2种弹力纱线作为纬纱,设计开发了8种纬向弹力交织物,测试分析织物的力学性能、定伸长反复拉伸弹性及定负荷反复拉伸弹性,并采用模糊物元综合评价方法分析织物的弹性综合性能.结果表明:涤纶/PTT及涤纶/T400交织物均属纬向高弹织物,且涤纶/T400交织物的断裂强力及断裂伸长率优于涤纶/PTT交织物;在纬向定伸长反复拉伸及定负荷反复拉伸作用下,涤纶/T400交织物的弹性回复率高于涤纶/PTT交织物,而塑性变形率低于涤纶/PTT交织物;弹性综合性能最佳的品种为试样6#,即经纱为24 tex×2的涤纶股线,纬纱为8.3 tex/(32 f)的T400长丝,采用斜纹组织制得.     

新型机织小样机引纬机构设计

为减轻操作者的劳动强度,适应样布设计室安静的工作环境,织出符合工艺要求的光边样布,在分析了机织小样机设计要求和各种引纬方式特点的基础上,采用磁力驱动技术,用牵引磁梭吸着装有纬纱管的引纬梭往复运动,完成引纬。设计了绳牵引磁梭引纬机构,引纬机构传动方式采用槽道凸轮传动,并将其用于新型机织小样机,探讨了牵引磁梭牵引力的计算方法。试制出的新型机织小样机噪声小,并提出了绳牵引磁梭引纬机构的其它用途。     

单面交错集圈针织物的尺寸特性

研究了单面交错集圈针织物的结构与尺寸 ,并与纬平针织物的尺寸进行了比较 ,得出了它们之间横向及纵向的尺寸关系     

A Study of the Mechanical Properties of Woven Silk Fabrics. Part II: Analysis of the Shearing Properties of Woven Silk Fabrics

The gap between the warp and weft threads at their crossover points in woven silk fabrics is responsible for the very low values of shear stiffness and hysteresis of shear force in these fabrics. The existence of this gap is proved by using shear–deformation theory and making experiments on silk fabric. A quantitative determination of the gap is obtained by using strip–biaxial–extension experiments and measuring the retardation strain. The gap observed for woven silk fabrics is 6–7 μm. Since microscopical observation of the cross–section of silk fabrics does not show the gap, the gap measured by mechanical methods is called an “effective gap”. The gap has a strong effect on the mechanical properties of silk fabrics, especially their shear properties. It also emphasizes the good handle of silk fabrics.     

纬编针织物导热性能的有限元仿真

为了提出一种用于优化、评估、预测针织物导热性能的方法,文章探索了纬编针织物热量传递的有限元仿真模拟,尤其是夏季汗衫面料,因为其导热性能与人体舒适性密切相关。首先使用织物厚度仪和超景深显微镜获取织物结构参数,通过插入三次B样条曲线建立纬平针织物的三维几何模型。然后将单元线圈模型导入有限元分析软件STAR-CCM+中,通过网格划分、边界设置、迭代计算步骤进行数值计算,并和实验值进行了比较分析,误差在4%以内。表明此方法具有一定的实用性,可用于预测纬编针织物的导热性能。     

立体管状织物的三维圆织法成型

为实现立体管状织物的规格化、连续化生产,提出一种新的立体管状织物成型方法,即三维圆织法.该方法结合圆织法的特点,将经纱沿径向排布并引入,通过引纬器在圆周方向的运动引入连接面内纱线的纬纱及连接各层组织结构的垂纱.在成型过程中纬纱和垂纱在引纬器的牵拉力作用下能自然地将经纱束紧,并在结合特定的经纱开口运动规律的情况下实现经纱...     

Studies on cotton-acrylic bulked yarns produced from different spinning technologies. Part II: fabric characteristics

The present work is concerned with the study of the characteristics of plain woven fabric produced with cotton-acrylic high-bulk yarns from different spinning technologies. The effects of different factors, namely spinning technologies (ring, rotor and DREF-II, i.e. Group A fabrics), position of shrinkable acrylic feed sliver in DREF-II friction spinning system (Group B fabrics) and proportion of shrinkable acrylic core fibre in core-sheath type DREF-III friction spun yarns (Group C fabrics) on various properties of cotton-acrylic blended bulked yarn fabrics have been reported. The influence of these three variables on the mechanical, handle and comfort properties of fabrics have been studied. The properties of fabrics made of bulked yarns from different spinning technologies are found to be different from the normal 100% cotton yarn fabrics in all respect. Even though the bulked yarns were used only in weft direction, the fabrics with modified yarn structures show appreciable improvement in thermal resistance, moisture vapour transmission, wicking and air permeability. The bending rigidity of the fabrics in weft direction also reduced with improvement in crease recovery in weft direction.     

Evaluation of diamond bar patterns on fabric surface using an image analysis technique

The main aim of this work is to study of the effect of yarn periodic irregularities on the plain weave fabric appearance using an image analysis method. The pattern of fabric faults was simulated using a prepared computer program. In the experimental stage, two different types of yarn were prepared. The first yarn was produced with a certain wavelength and the second yarn was prepared with a strong periodic irregularity using an open-end spinning machine. The wavelength of the open-end yarn fault was measured by using an Uster 4 automatic evenness tester. For practical examination, the yarns were used as weft in a shuttle loom machine and two types of fabrics were produced. Using image processing, the number and size of the diamond bar patterns, and also the theoretical wavelength of the weft yarn, were calculated. The wavelengths calculated theoretically were compared with the actual wavelengths of the weft yarns. The results showed an acceptable accuracy of the method.     

Responses of fabric from lyocell/natural bamboo yarn to loading

With the growing demand for more comfortable, healthier and environmentally friendly products, research and development has been increasingly focusing on new environmentally friendly materials and products. One of the environmentally friendly materials is the bamboo fibre with its numerous favourable performing properties. The use of bamboo fibres increases every year, which was the main reason for choosing yarn from the mixture of lyocell fibres and natural bamboo fibres with the ratio 80/20 for the research. With the research, the tensile behaviour of woven fabrics with cotton yarn in warp and lyocell/natural bamboo yarn in the weft direction in comparison with cotton woven fabrics was studied. Twelve fabrics which differed in their construction properties were designed and produced. Two different weaves were chosen, i.e. plain and twill weave, and three different densities in weft. The results of the research show that the presence of lyocell/natural bamboo yarn in the weft direction improves the mechanical properties such as breaking stress, stress in the yield point, elasticity modulus in the weft direction of analysed fabrics, while in the warp direction, the weave type and weave density express a greater influence on the mechanical properties of analysed fabrics.     

3D打印纬平针面料的制备

为研究3D打印服装面料中纬平针组织的结构,预测打印效果,促进针织面料数字化和智能化生产,将3D打印技术应用到针织面料设计和生产中。采用3ds Max软件,根据NURBS曲线建模的方法,结合Peirce线圈模型对纬平针组织进行三维模拟,通过模拟实现了3D打印纬平针面料的可视化,可预测打印效果。采用Repetier-Host软件,对模拟的3D打印纬平针组织模型切片,采用熔融层积成型技术,通过设置打印参数对模型切片数据进行打印,得到3D打印纬平针组织针织面料。结果表明：该打印面料的效果与模拟效果高度吻合,线圈之间嵌套关系明显,打印面料光滑平整,打印精度高,属于环境友好型面料。     

Investigation on permeability and moisture management properties of different denim fabrics after repeated laundering

The physiological comfort determined by air permeability and moisture management properties of fabrics is influenced by various constructional parameters of the fabric which give woven fabric a porous structure. Evaporation of sweat during wear has the potential to cool the body besides restricting the additional weight of sweat being absorbed by the fabric. In this study, comfort characteristics of denim fabrics with different weft yarn of cotton, polyester and core spun Lycra have been discussed. Effect of enzyme washing and repeated laundering on air permeability, moisture management and drying rate has also been discussed. It was observed that air permeability and water vapour permeability of unwashed denim fabrics with cotton weft yarn are significantly higher than the fabric with polyester and Lycra cotton weft yarns. The wetting time is higher for cotton and Lycra cotton yarn fabrics. One-way transport index is highest for Lycra cotton weft fabrics and lowest for fabrics with polyester weft. Fabrics with polyester weft yarns show highest spreading rate, spreading radius and drying rate due to better wicking and hydrophobic nature of polyester fibres.