双参数冲击荷载作用下弹性压杆的动力屈曲研究

作用在实际结构上的冲击荷载往往是相当复杂的,冲击荷载形式对结构动力屈曲有较大影响。对双参数冲击荷载作用下的弹性压杆动力屈曲进行研究,采用等价矩形脉冲对荷载进行简化。分别对理想的和初始几何缺陷的弹性压杆冲击屈曲进行分析和计算,并以两端简支和两端固定轴心压杆冲击屈曲作为算例,初步揭示了冲击荷载形式对轴心压杆动力屈曲的影响规律,获得了有价值的结论。     

先进复合材料格栅加筋板的总体稳定性分析

通过建立复合材料格栅结构单元的基本力学假设和分析模型, 推导了一种新的等效刚度计算方法, 用于分析复合材料格栅加筋板的总体稳定性。该方法充分考虑了筋条和面板的相互作用和中面偏移效应, 并具有通用性。结合Rayleigh-Ritz能量近似法, 推导出了求解加筋板总体屈曲载荷的通用特征方程; 分析了多种算例, 并与修正平铺法进行了比较, 结果吻合得很好。      

轴向时变冲击载荷作用下直杆弹性动力屈曲研究

基于应力波理论,用半解析半数值方法对轴向时变冲击载荷作用下的直杆进行研究,给出了一种利用压应力波前附加约束条件求解轴向时变载荷作用下直杆弹性动力屈曲问题的方法。以三角脉冲载荷作用下的直杆为例,对其临界屈曲长度、初始屈曲模态和动力特征参数进行了求解,探讨了脉冲载荷峰值和载荷持续时间对临界屈曲长度和屈曲模态的影响。总结了三角脉冲载荷作用下直杆弹性动力屈曲的规律,并与阶跃载荷作用下的情况进行对比分析,结果与之前文献研究结果吻合良好。     

Analytical solution to the bending of a nonlinearly hardening wide curved bar

An analytical solution to the partially plastic deformation of a nonlinearly hardening wide curved bar is derived. The bar considered has a narrow rectangular cross-section and is under pure bending. The analytical treatment is based on Tresca’s yield criterion, its associated flow rule and a Swift-type nonlinear hardening law. Taking numerical limits, the complete solution is verified in comparison to the linear hardening solution available in the literature.     

Symmetrically notched elastic bar

The problem of determining the distribution of stress and the deformation of a bar of an elastic solid having two equal and opposite, sharp notches, is investigated. The bar is deformed by equal pressures applied normal to the faces of the notches. The stress intensity factor is calculated and its variation with the depths of the notches relative to the width of the bar, for the special case of uniform pressure, is shown.     

Analysis of the elastic buckling of a plywood column

Buckling tests were conducted on specimens of 5-ply lauan plywood for a range of slenderness ratios to measure its buckling stress. Three-dimensional finite element calculations of buckling stress were performed and their validity examined by comparison with experimental results. Both experimental and calculated results revealed that buckling stress is influenced by Young’s modulus values (a measure of stiffness) obtained not only under flexural loading but also under axial loading. When the axial Young’s modulus is larger than the flexural Young’s modulus, the buckling stress is measured as larger than that obtained using the flexural Young’s modulus alone. Inversely, when the axial Young’s modulus is smaller than the flexural Young’s modulus, the buckling stress is measured as smaller than that obtained using the flexural Young’s modulus alone. Therefore, both the Young’s modulus values should be taken into account for determining the buckling stress of a plywood column.     

On a lower bound theorem for the buckling load of elastic beams subjected to nonconservative,compressive follower loads

Summary For beams loaded withuniformly distributed follower forces, there exists a lower bound theorem, which allows to evaluate the actual buckling load approximately by means of the buckling load of the same beam loaded correspondingly with conservative unidirectional forces of the same magnitude. In this paper it is shown that the theorem remains valid for monotonically decreasing or at least not increasing follower forces. Moreover, a modified lower bound theorem can be formulated for follower loads which monotonically increase over a part or even over the whole length of the beam. In that case, a lower bound curve has to be constructed using the eigenvalue curve of the conservatively loaded beam. The intersection of the lower bound curve with the vertical axis yields a lower bound for the buckling load of the nonconservatively loaded beam.

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Zu einem Satz über die untere Schranke der Knicklast elastischer, durch Folgekräfte belasteter Stäbe

Zusammenfassung Ein für Stäbe untergleichförmig verteilten Folgekräften gültiger Satz für die untere Schranke der Knicklast gestattet die näherungsweise Ermittlung der tatsächlichen Knicklast aus der desselben Stabes unter richtungstreuer Belastung derselben Größe. In dieser Arbeit wird gezeigt, daß dieser Satz auch für monoton abnehmende oder zumindest nicht zunehmende Folgekräfte gilt. Weiters kann ein modifizierter Satz für über einen Teil des Stabes oder die ganze Stablänge monoton zunehemende Folgekräfte formuliert werden. In diesem Fall muß unter Verwendung der Eigenwertkurve des konservativ belasteten Stabes eine untere Grenzkurve ermittelt werden. Der Schnittpunkt dieser Kurve mit der vertikalen Achse ergibt eine untere Schranke der Knicklast des nichtkonservativ belasteten Stabes.

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With 8 Fugures     

基于弹性基础梁理论的复合材料薄壁圆柱壳屈曲承载力模型

提出一种复合材料薄壁圆柱壳轴压局部屈曲承载力计算模型。在梁弯曲变形平截面假定和小变形假定的基础上,提出复合材料层合梁抗弯刚度的计算方法;根据轴压下圆柱壳的几何对称性及受力对称性,将圆柱壳局部屈曲问题转化为轴向和环向壳带的弯曲变形问题。依据薄壳稳定理论,建立弹性基础上纵向壳带局部屈曲模型,得到了复合材料圆柱壳屈曲承载力解析公式。理论计算公式与经验工程计算公式相比,具有形式上的相似性,且得到的计算系数可直接求出,而非经验范围选取。对三种铺层的复合材料薄壁圆柱壳进行了轴压试验,结合文献试验数据对比,试验结果与理论预测值基本一致,满足工程精度要求,验证了模型的正确性。     

On the buckling of a column in an elastic medium

One deals with the buckling of a cantilever column in an elastic medium by the aid of the differential eqns (2), (2′) with bilocal conditions (3), (3′). Introducing the conventional load (4), one considers the three cases P_cr < P₀, P_cr = P₀ and P_cr > P₀ and one determines the corresponding characteristics eqns (8″), (12), (15″). The reduced critical load P_cr/P₎ and the reduced critical length l_cr/l are listed in a table and plotted into diagrams for various values of an adimensional magnitude bl. One obtains also the asymptotic formulae (16), (16′).     

Longitudinal motion of an elastic bar

Summary The exact equations of motion of an elastic bar are discussed, both in material and local coordinates. It is shown that for an ideal elastic material the former, but not the latter, are linear. An infinite number of conservation laws is shown to exist.     

Accurate buckling load calculations of a thick orthotropic sandwich panel

This paper is concerned with the buckling of thick sandwich panels with orthotropic elastic face sheets bonded to a linear elastic orthotropic core. When such panels are analyzed for axial load carrying capacity, it is now commonplace to adopt the finite element method to carry out computations. The accuracy of the numerical results will depend not only on roundoff and algorithmic errors, but additionally on the approximations made in computing the incremental (second order) work associated in computing the change of configuration from the unbuckled to the buckled state. Here we show that, particularly for orthotropic thick sandwich structures, large errors can be incurred in computing buckling loads with available commercial software, unless the proper work conjugate measures of stress and strain with their stress-dependent tangential moduli are used in the buckling formulation.     

Optimal curved fibre orientations of a composite panel with cutout for improved buckling load using the Efficient Global Optimization algorithm

Composite structures with cutouts (like panels with holes) are a challenge to design because discontinuities of this kind provoke stress concentrations and become critical regions. With curved fibres, the effect of these discontinuities can be decreased by choosing the fibre paths properly. In this article, fibre-path optimization to improve the buckling load of laminated composite panels with cutouts is studied. Two fibre path parameterizations are tested: the usual curvilinear Cartesian and the radial one, proposed in this article, in which the fibre orientations vary linearly with the Euclidean distance from the centre of the panel. To reduce the simulation costs associated with the optimization, the Efficient Global Optimization (EGO) algorithm is used. EGO is a technique based on a stochastic process approach (Kriging) that approximates expensive-to-evaluate functions and sequentially maximizes the expected improvement to update the surrogate at each iteration. A stiffened panel with a cutout subjected to compression and in-plane shearing loads is analysed. The results show that the buckling load when curved fibres are used is substantially higher than the buckling load for straight-fibre laminates. In addition, the optimization framework indicates a low final computational burden.