NGI中一种微观经济学模糊QoS单播路由机制

本文设计并仿真实现了一种微观经济学模糊OoS单播路由机制,通过适合隶属度函数对边做出模糊综合评判,通过博弈分析确定网络提供方与用户在边上的效用能否达到Nash均衡态,通过基于双向Dijkstra算法及中间链表加速方法的启发式选路算法,使得在找到的路径上不仅用户的QoS需求得到满足,而且双方的端到端效用达到或接近Nash均衡下的Pareto最优。仿真结果表明,同基于Dijkstra的路由机制和基于模糊塔的QoS单播路由机制相比,该机制具有较好的性能。     

基于模糊积分和博弈论的QoS组播路由机制

下一代互联网NGI(next generation Intemet)需要提供服务质量QoS(quality of service)路由能力.由于NGI网络状态难以精确测量与表达,因此,QoS路由基于的信息应该是模糊的.随着网络运营的渐趋商业化,付费上网要求实现QoS计费,而网络提供方与用户的利益冲突要求实现效用双赢.设计了一种基于模糊积分和博弈论的QoS组播路由机制.该机制由边评判、博弈分析和组播路由树建立算法组成,基于模糊积分和适合隶属度函数对边进行模糊综合评判,通过博弈分析确定网络提供方与用户在边上的效用能否达到Nash均衡,通过组播路由树建立算法使得在建立的组播路由树上不仅用户QoS要求得到满足,而且网络提供方效用与用户效用达到或接近Nash均衡下的Pareto最优.仿真结果表明,与QoSMIC等机制相比,该机制具有较好的性能.     

基于人工鱼群的ABC支持型QoS单播路由机制

下一代互联网NGI(Next Generation Internet)需要提供服务质量QoS(Quality of Service)路由能力,支持总最佳连接ABC(Always Best Connected).但是,由于链路状态的难以精确测量与用户QoS需求的难以准确表达,因此QoS路由基于的信息实际上是模糊的.同时,在网络运营日益商业化的环境下,支持ABC需要兼顾用户和网络提供方利益,考虑双方效用共赢.为此,文中引入模糊数学、概率论和博弈论知识,设计了一种ABC支持型QoS单播路由机制.该机制采用区间形式描述用户QoS需求和边(链路)参数,引入用户满意度和边评价,通过博弈分析,基于人工鱼群算法,寻找使用户和网络提供方效用达到或接近Nash均衡下Pareto最优的QoS单播路径.仿真结果表明,该机制是可行和有效的.     

基于蜂群的ABC支持型QoS单播路由机制

下一代互联网NGI(Next-Generation Internet)需要提供服务质量QoS(Quality of Service)路由,支持总最佳连接ABC(Always Best Connected).但是,由于链路状态的难以精确测量与用户QoS需求的难以准确表达,因此路由机制应该具备处理模糊信息的能力.同时,在网络运营日益商业化的环境下,路由时应该兼顾网络提供方与用户利益,支持各方效用共赢.为此,本文引入模糊数学和微观经济学有关知识,设计了一种ABC支持型QoS单播路由机制.该机制采用区间描述用户柔性QoS需求,使用边适合隶属函数适应链路状态不精确,引入边带宽定价、边评判和路径评价,基于蜂群算法,寻找使用户与网络提供方效用达到或接近Nash均衡下Pareto最优的QoS单播路径.仿真结果表明,该机制是可行和有效的.     

基于粒子群和博弈论的QoS组播路由算法

为改善互联网的服务质量(QoS)组播路由能力,设计一种基于多子群和博弈论的QoS组播路由算法。该算法由边评判、博弈分析和组播路由树建立等部分组成。基于适合隶属度函数对边进行模糊综合评判,利用博弈分析方法确定网络提供方与用户在边上的效用Nash均衡程度,通过组播路由树建立算法,在用户QoS要求得到满足的条件下,使得网络提供方效用与用户效用达到或接近Nash均衡意义下的Pareto最优。仿真实验验证了该算法的良好性能。     

小世界优化ABC支持型单播路由机制

设计一种ABC支持型QoS单播路由机制,采用区间形式描述用户QoS需求和边（链路）参数,引入用户满意度和边评价,通过博弈分析,基于小世界优化算法寻找使用户和网络提供方效用达到或接近Nash均衡下Pareto最优的QoS单播路径。仿真研究结果表明,该算法是有效的。     

粒子群优化ABC支持型QoS单播路由机制

设计了一种ABC支持型QoS单播路由机制,采用区间形式描述不精确用户QoS需求和边（链路）参数,引入用户满意度、边评价和精英解集,通过博弈分析,应用粒子群优化算法,寻找使用户和网络提供方效用达到或接近Nash均衡下Pareto最优的QoS单播路径。仿真结果表明,该机制是可行和有效的。     

基于组织进化的ABC支持型单播路由机制

提出一种支持总最佳连接ABC(Always Best Connected)的服务质量QoS(Quality of Service)单播路由机制.该机制采用区间形式刻画用户QoS需求和网络链路参数;引入偏好序列,以满足用户对不同类型网络的偏爱;引入概率密度函数、满意度函数和评价函数,以精确测量网络链路参数值和准确表达用户QoS需求;引入成本、价格、费用和博弈机制,兼顾用户和网络提供方利益;基于组织进化算法OEA(Organizational Evolutionary Algorithm),寻找使各方效用达到或接近Nash均衡下Pareto最优的QoS单播路径.仿真结果表明,该机制是可行和有效的.     

免疫选择和自组织临界变异ABC支持型单播路由机制

提出一种支持总最佳连接ABC(Always Best Connected)的新型单播路由机制.由于网络链路参数值的难以精确测量和用户服务质量QoS(Quality of Service)需求的难以准确表达,因此引入区间表示、偏好序列、概率密度函数、满意度函数和评价函数加以刻画;考虑到网络运营商业化,引入成本、价格、费用和博弈机制,兼顾用户和网络提供方利益;基于免疫选择和自组织临界变异进化算法寻路,使得各方效用在QoS路由上达到或接近Nash均衡下的Pareto最优.基于NS2进行了仿真实现,在多个实际和虚拟的网络拓扑上与经典路由机制进行了性能对比,结果表明,该机制是可行和有效的.     

一种基于蜂群算法的ABC支持型QoS组播路由机制

引入模糊数学和微观经济学知识,设计了一种支持总最佳连接(ABC:Always Best Connected)的服务质量(QoS:Quality of Service)组播路由机制.该机制为边(网络链路)状态参数引入适合隶属函数,采用区间描述用户柔性QoS需求,通过边带宽定价、边评判和组播树评价,基于蜂群算法,寻找使用户和网络提供方效用达到或接近Nash均衡下Pareto最优的QoS组播树.仿真结果表明,该机制是可行和有效的.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。