骨架结构对SiC/Al双连续相复合材料的影响

用挤压铸造法制备了不同结构的SiC泡沫增强ZL109双连续相复合材料,研究了增强体骨架结构(筋的结构、泡沫孔和体积分数)对复合材料压缩性能和弯曲性能的影响。结果表明:SiC泡沫增强体的筋的结构影响了界面的结合,影响了材料的压缩性能;当筋具有三明治结构时,复合材料的强度最大;当筋具有双层结构时,复合材料的强度最低;随着SiC泡沫孔径的增大,复合材料的压缩强度、弹性模量和屈服强度都有所提高,材料的屈服应变减小,弯曲强度先升高后降低,弯曲强度在泡沫孔径为1.5 mm时达到最大值;复合材料的压缩强度随着增强体体积分数的增大而提高,屈服应变随着体积分数的增大而减小。     

Al2O3/Al陶瓷基复合材料的组织与性能

研究了反应自生复合的Ａｌ２Ｏ３／Ａｌ陶瓷基复合材料的组织与性能间的关系,结果表明,该复合材料的弯曲强度和断裂韧度受到组织中的铝合金含量和孔隙率的影响。当金属质量分数为２０％～３０％时,复合材料的弯曲强度和断裂韧度分别达到３８０～４２０ＭＰａ和８．５～９．５ＭＰａ·ｍ１２。组织中的孔隙对Ａｌ２Ｏ３／Ａｌ复合材料的性能是非常有害的,特别是当复合材料中的金属质量分数小于１０％时,孔隙对复合材料的性能危害更大。     

硼含量对高硼中碳合金钢铸态组织与力学性能的影响

针对高性能轧辊对材质的需求,设计了一种1.0％＜ω(B)＜3.0％和ωω(c)约为0.45％的高硼中碳合金钢,并研究了硼含量对其铸态组织与力学性能的影响.结果表明:高硼中碳合金钢铸态组织由马氏体、少量残留奥氏体及共晶硼碳化合物或硼化物组成.随着B含量的增加,其组织由亚共晶形态向过共晶形态转变,共晶硬质相体积分数呈指数关系变化,材料硬度不断升高,冲击韧性下降.     

钛酸锂表面碳包覆改性研究进展

尖晶石结构的Li4Ti5O12由于电压平台平稳、循环寿命长、"零应变"和安全性高等优点,成为锂离子电池的热门负极材料。然而纯Li4Ti5O12本身为绝缘体,导电性很差,倍率性能不佳,这限制了它的实际应用。研究表明,对Li4Ti5O12表面进行碳包覆可以有效改善其电化学性能。结合最近国内外研究情况,综述了表面碳包覆对Li4Ti5O12负极材料改性的研究进展,分析了不同的碳包覆方法、碳层厚度、碳结构和碳含量对Li4Ti5O12/C复合材料电化学性能的影响,希望促进Li4Ti5O12/C复合电极材料在锂离子电池领域的应用。     

硼和碳在一种Ni-Fe-Cr基高温合金中的作用

本文系统地研究了硼和碳对一种Ni-Fe-Cr基高温合金力学性能和组织的影响,发现硼对晶界强化作用比碳大得多,不论固溶硼原子还是硼化物皆可以显著地提高合金的持久强度.添加硼能明显地改善合金的晶界状态和强烈地抑制η等有害相的析出,提高晶界组织稳定性.含0.007％B和<0.04％C时,合金持久性能最佳. 硼和碳对合金的拉伸强度影响不大,但能明显地提高合金的拉伸塑性.为获得良好的拉伸性能,硼和碳含量应分别高于0.002％和0.02％.     

纳米金刚石含量对网状结构钛基复合材料组织与性能的影响

通过对钛粉表面修饰聚乙烯醇,利用交联反应使纳米金刚石(NDs)均匀分布在球形钛粉末表面,然后采用放电等离子烧结技术成功制备了网状结构分布的纳米金刚石增强钛基复合材料。研究了不同NDs含量对复合材料组织结构、导热性能与压缩性能的影响。结果表明,部分NDs与Ti原位反应生成了Ti C,其与残留的NDs呈三维网络状分布在TA1纯钛基体中,网络尺寸为100～200μm。导热测试结果表明,随着增强相含量的增加,复合材料的热导率呈下降趋势;压缩实验表明:Ti-1.0%NDs(质量分数)复合材料有较优异的性能,强度提高的同时仍然保持了高塑性。材料断裂时主要是沿网状结构界面处断裂,几百微米尺寸的网状结构起到加固梁的作用,而网络状内部存在着大量纯钛晶粒仍保持较低的硬度和良好的塑性,从而有效的调和了钛基复合材料强度和塑性的矛盾。     

挤压铸造B_4C_p/2024Al复合材料力学性能研究

采用挤压铸造工艺制得粒径分别为25μm和50μm、体积分数为50%的两种B4Cp/2024Al复合材料。测试了复合材料的密度、硬度、抗弯强度、静态压缩强度、断裂韧度;采用霍普金森压杆装置研究了复合材料在高应变速率下的压缩强度。研究结果表明,50%B4Cp/2024Al复合材料的密度约为2.7g/cm3,硬度(HRA)为60;25μmB4Cp增强的复合材料抗弯强度为527MPa,断裂韧度KIC达到13.56MPa.m1/2,而静态压缩强度为797.5MPa,其性能显著高于50μm粒度B4C增强的复合材料。细颗粒增强的复合材料动态压缩强度高于粗颗粒增强的复合材料;应变相关的损伤演化使得复合材料表现出应变软化现象,相关损伤导致压缩强度呈现应变率不敏感甚至是负敏感特征。     

Al2TiO5／Al2O3复合材料的抗铝液浸渗性能分析

钛酸铝系复合材料中钛酸铝的体积分数不同,会导致Al2TiO5／Al2O3复合材料的抗铝液浸渗性能的不同。在Al2TiO5中分别按10％、20％、40％、60％、80％、90％（体积分数）引入Al2O3进行复合。通过对渗铝试样的外观形貌、微观结构分析,进而对其铝液浸渗性能进行了分析比较,发现富钛酸铝的钛酸铝／氧化铝复合材料（妒（AL2TiO5）〉40％）抗铝液浸渗性能好;而富氧化铝的钛酸铝／氧化铝复合材料（φ（Al2TiO5）〈20％）有金属铝液沿热震产生的裂纹渗入复合材料内部,容易导致复合材料断裂失效。该研究结果对可靠应用钛酸铝系复合材料作为铝液的容器具有实际工程应用价值。     

Si3N4p／Al复合材料动态压缩性能研究Si3N4p／Al复合材料动态压缩性能研究

采用无压浸渗的方法制备了陶瓷（Si3N4p）含量为34．4％、46．3％和51．4％的3种Si3N4p／Al复合材料,应用分离式霍普金森压杆装置测试了复合材料在不同应变率下的动态压缩性能,并与准静态压缩性能进行了比较。分析了应变速率和陶瓷含量对复合材料动态性能的影响规律,探讨了复合材料微观组织特征对复合材料动态性能的影响机制。研究结果表明,Si3N4p／Al复合材料的动态压缩强度高于准静态压缩强度;在动态压缩过程中,高应变率载荷导致复合材料铝合金基体中具有高位错累积速率和较高的温升,因而复合材料动态压缩响应表现为“应变率硬化”效应和“热软化”效应的耦合。复合材料的动态压缩强度随着陶瓷含量增加而增加;热软化效应则随陶瓷含量增加、铝合金变形能力下降而相应减弱。     

Si含量对中碳冷镦钢变形抗力的影响

盘条的塑性和变形抗力直接影响其成形性能.分析研究了 Si含量对中碳冷镦钢盘条组织、力学性能和压缩变形抗力的影响.试验结果表明,Si含量变化对试验钢的组织和晶粒度无显著影响;SWRCH35K盘条中Si质量分数由0.21％降至0.15％时,盘条的抗拉强度和塑性无明显变化;10B33盘条中Si质量分数由0.22％降至0.04...     

添加微量元素硼对热轧低碳钢性能的影响

试验研究了不同卷取温度下,添加微量B元素对热轧SPHC带钢力学性能及时效性能的影响。结果表明：在低碳铝镇静钢中加入20×10-6的B元素,同时卷取温度提高到700 ℃,能够在不降低抗拉强度的基础上,有效降低热轧带钢屈服强度约20 MPa,降低屈强比到0.64左右,从而提高低碳钢深冲性能。同时,B元素的添加能够有效降低低碳钢的时效现象。     

Compressive properties of aluminum foams by gas injection method

The compressive properties of aluminum foams by gas injection method are investigated under both quasi-static and dynamic compressive loads in this paper.The experimental results indicate that the defo...     

酚醛树脂用量对木陶瓷性能的影响

砂光木粉浸渍酚醛树脂经干燥、热压后在真空条件下烧结处理后制得了碳/碳复合材料(木陶瓷)。分析了酚醛树脂用量对木陶瓷尺寸收缩率、碳得率、力学性能、耐磨性的影响,并利用全自动元素分析仪检测了酚醛树脂用量对木陶瓷元素组成的影响,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析了酚醛树脂用量对木陶瓷微观形貌和结构的影响。结果表明,随着酚醛树脂用量的增加,木陶瓷的碳得率增大,尺寸收缩呈下降趋势,力学性能增强,耐磨性明显提高,木陶瓷中C、H含量降低,O、N的总含量升高;SEM观察结果说明,随着酚醛树脂用量的增加,木陶瓷内酚醛树脂碳化形成的玻璃碳更加明显,但对XRD谱图没有明显影响。当木粉与酚醛树脂的质量比为40∶60时,木陶瓷的结构与性能最稳定,并具有较好的力学性能和耐磨性。     

小孔径泡沫铝的制备及压缩性能研究

在常规熔体发泡法基础上,采用添加0.5%Mg(质量分数,下同)以降低表面张力;发泡剂400 ℃,6 h+500℃,1 h氧化预处理以协调发泡剂分散均匀性与发泡过程关系;发泡搅拌60s以破碎初始气泡等措施,成功制备出了平均孔径1.3 mm、孔隙率70.5%、结构均匀的小孔径泡沫铝.泡沫铝及Al-9Si泡沫的压缩性能分析表明,随平均孔径减小,泡沫铝的屈服强度、致密化应变和能量吸收能力均明显提高,泡沫铝压缩性能随孔径减小而提高,与泡沫铝的孔结构因素及孔结构均匀性有关.     

Mechanical Properties and Phase Stability of WTaMoNbTi Refractory High-Entropy Alloy at Elevated Temperatures

High-temperature structural metals remain in high demand for aerospace aircraft,gas turbine engines,and nuclear power plants.Refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) with superior mechanical properties at elevated temperatures are promising candidates for high-temperature structural materials.In this work,a WTaMoNbTi RHEA with adequate room temperature plasticity and considerable strength at 1600 ℃ was fabricated by vacuum arc-melting.The room temperature fracture strain of the as-cast WTaMoNbTi RHEA was 7.8％,which was about 5.2 times that of the NbMoTaW alloy.The alloy exhibited a strong resistance to high-temperature softening,with a high yield strength of 173 MPa and compressive strength of 218 MPa at 1600 ℃.The WTaMoNbTi RHEA possessed excellent phase stability in the range of room temperature to 2000 ℃.The dendritic grains grew into equiaxed grains after compression test at 1600 ℃ due to the dynamic recrystallization process at high temperature.This work presents a promising high-temperature structural material that can be applied at 1600 ℃.     

纳米二氧化钛浓缩浆对硼酚醛环氧涂料性能的影响

目的提高硼酚醛环氧涂料的耐腐蚀性、表面接触角、粘结强度及耐磨性等。方法用纳米二氧化钛浓缩浆改性硼酚醛环氧涂料,制备耐温耐蚀型纳米复合涂料。通过高温高硫原油浸泡试验评价纳米复合涂层的耐腐蚀性能,通过扫描电镜观察、表面接触角测试、粘结强度测试和耐磨性测试等手段分析纳米二氧化钛浓缩浆对涂层性能的影响。结果硼酚醛环氧纳米复合涂层在100℃高硫原油腐蚀浸泡后,微观上没有出现腐蚀坑和裂纹。添加2%纳米二氧化钛浓缩浆的硼酚醛环氧纳米复合涂层与未添加纳米粒子的硼酚醛环氧涂层相比,抗渗性与耐磨性有所提高。720 h腐蚀试验后,纳米复合涂料的粘结强度由试验前的7.7 MPa降低至6.9 MPa。腐蚀过程中,其表面接触角比非纳米涂层高4°~7°。结论高温高硫原油没有破坏硼酚醛环氧纳米复合涂层的形貌结构、粘结强度和耐磨性。添加2%纳米二氧化钛提高了涂层的抗渗透性和表面接触角。     

Compressive properties and energy absorption characteristics of open-cell nickel foams

Open-cell nickel foams with different relative densities and pre-stretching degrees were subjected to room temperature quasi-static compressive tests to explore their compressive properties. The compressive properties of the nickel foams including yield strength, elastic modulus, energy absorption density and energy absorption efficiency were calculated accurately. The results show that the compressive properties of yield strength, elastic modulus and energy absorption density increase with the increase of relative density of nickel foams. The compressive properties are sensitive to the pre-stretching degree, and the values of yield strength, elastic modulus and energy absorption density decrease with the increase of pre-stretching degree. However, the energy absorption efficiency at the densification strain state exhibits the independence of relative density and pre-stretching degree. The value of energy absorption efficiency reaches its peak when the strain is at the end of the collapse plateau region.     

Self-bonding mechanism of pure polycrystalline cubic boron nitride under high pressure and temperature

Cubic boron nitride (cBN) powders with different grain size were used as a starting material, and the pure polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PcBN) samples were sintered under the same conditions at 7GPa, 1700 °C, 270 s. Abrasion resistance and compressive strength of sintered pure PcBN samples were tested, and the microstructure was observed and analyzed by SEM, HRTEM, XRD and Raman spectrum. The results show that the particle size of cBN has not only a great influence on microstructure and property of the sintered pure PcBN un-der the same conditions but also influence on the bonding mechanism of the cBN particles. The inner stress of the pure PcBN sintered with the cBN particle size of 10 μm during the high pressure sintering process is about 199–222% higher than that of the sample with the cBN size of 1 μm. The wear ratio and the compressive strength of PcBN samples sintered with 10 μm cBN was increased by 47.7% and 39.7% than that of the sintered sample with 1 μm cBN respectively. The coarser-grained PcBN contains serious deformation and crushing, which can be attributed to the twin boundary and the stacking faults in the samples. As a consequence, the abrasion ratio and compressive strength of the pure PcBN are dramatically increased. It is assumed that self-bonding mechanism generated from plasticity deformation, which is a main bonding mechanism for the high pressure sintering of pure cubic boron nitride.     

Research on Properties of Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Resin Composite Material by Microwave Curing

Microwave irradiation was used to reduce the curing time of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material.The properties of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material under microwave curing were investigated by thermogravimetry(TG),dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA),impact strength test and scanning electron microscope(SEM).The results show that composite materials patch have high thermal stability after microwave curing.The initial degradation temperature is 330.9℃,the maximum thermal decomposition rate is at 368.1℃.When the layer of composite materials patchis 4 layers,the dynamic mechanical properties are the best after microwave curing.The initial storage modulus is 43.2 GPa,increased 28.3 GPa and 27.1 GPa than 3 layers and 5 layers,the glass transition temperature(Tg)is 67.48℃,increased about 12 ℃than 3 layers and 5 layers.Microwave curing can significantly improve the infiltration capacity of epoxy resin,enhance interfacial bonding,and increase the impact strength of composite patch.Under microwave curing,the impact strength of 3,4,5-layers composite material patches increases 35.9%,6.4% and 15.1%,respectively than heating curing.The SEM analysis of impact fracture surface shows that microwave curing can improve the interface of carbon fiber and epoxy resin.     

Influence of cubic boron nitride grinding on the fatigue strengths of carbon steels and a nickel-base superalloy

The influence of cubic boron nitride (CBN) grinding on fatigue strength was investigated on an annealed carbon steel, a quenched and tempered carbon steel at room temperature, and a nickel-base superalloy, Inconel 718, at room temperature and 500 °C. The results were discussed from several viewpoints, including surface roughness, residual stress, and work hardening or softening due to CBN grinding. The fatigue strength increased upon CBN grinding at room temperature, primarily because of the generation of compressive residual stress in the surface region. However, in the case of Inconel 718, this marked increase in the fatigue strength tended to disappear at the elevated temperature due to the release of compressive residual stress and the decrease of crack growth resistance at an elevated temperature.