二元语义粗算子及其语言多属性决策中的应用

针对语言多属性决策,提出一种基于二元语言信息处理和粗糙集理论的求解方法。利用规范的语言评价信息建立决策信息表,提出了一种由属性依赖度和信息度来形成属性客观权重的方法,通过二元语义集成算子计算属性的主观权;根据决策者的偏好,将各属性的主客观权重信息集成,得到属性综合权重;将规范化的语言评价信息转化为二元语言形式,并与已有的信息集结算子合成,得到二语义粗算子;举例说明二元语义粗算子的应用。     

二元语义信息下的动态激励群体评价方法及应用

针对目前关于动态群体评价问题的研究相对较少,且主要是基于点值信息评价的不足,提出一种新的二元语义信息下的动态激励群体评价方法,将动态激励评价及语言评价信息引入到群体评价中。首先探讨了能够较好地集结群体语言评价信息的二元语义一致算子;然后在各阶段的动态评价中引入激励区间,并运用时间诱导的二元语义时序激励加权平均算子集结得到受“奖惩”的动态群体综合评价值,从而进行最终评价。最后,通过算例给出了所提方法的步骤,并进行了结果分析,证明了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

一种基于语言评价信息的多指标群聚类方法

针对具有语言评价信息的多指标群聚类分析问题,提出一种基于二元语义信息处理的最大树聚类方法.首先描述了具有语言评价信息的多指标群聚类问题,并介绍了近年来国际上最新发展的二元语义概念及其算子;然后基于二元语义信息处理的方法,将专家给出的语言评价信息进行"量化"集结,并依据传统的最大树聚类分析方法的基本思路,给出了解决基于语言评价信息的最大树聚类方法的计算步骤;最后通过一个算例说明了所提出方法的有效性.     

基于新型语言评估标度的二元语义改进模型

为了有效地求解基于语言评价信息的多属性决策问题,针对目前常用的二元语义分析方法中存在的标度转换问题,提出一种处理语言评价信息的新型复合标度(该标度综合了指数标度和-n～n标度的优点),建立了基于新型复合标度的二元语义改进模型.算例验证结果表明,新型复合标度为处理定性的语言评价信息提供了科学依据,所提出的改进模型可以有效提高决策结果的精度和可信度.     

基于层次分析法和二元语义的供应商评价研究

供应商评价是一个多指标群决策问题。针对语言评价信息的模糊性,提出了一种基于层次分析法和二元语义的评价方法。利用层次分析法确定供应商评价指标权重,采用近年来最新发展的二元语义和算子进行信息的集结,给出了供应商评价选择的计算步骤。最后,算例分析证明了该方法的简便性和有效性。     

基于AHP和二元语义的企业人员绩效考核研究

针对企业人员绩效考核的语言评价信息的模糊性,提出了一种基于层次分析法(AHP)和二元语义的企业人员绩效考核方法.利用层次分析法确定了各考核指标的权重,采用二元语义及其相关算子集结语言评价信息,并给出了企业人员绩效考核的计算步骤.最后,给出一个算例证明该方法简便、有效,并实现了绩效考核软件的开发.     

基于二元语义的语言加权取大改进算法的研究

为了求解基于自然语言评价信息的多属性群决策问题,提出了一种基于二元语义的语言加权取大（T-LWM）改进算法。该算法利用二元语义对传统语言加权取大算法进行改进,将语言评价信息转换成二元语义形式,求取各决策者给出的属性权重平均值作为方案集结数据。该方法的目标是降低决策结果易受个别决策者不良数据影响,提高算法的健壮性。验证结果表明：与传统的语言加权取大算法相比,该算法具有运算简便,决策过程客观,分辨方案能力强的优点。     

基于相似度的多粒度不确定语言群决策方法

针对具有多粒度不确定语言评价信息的多属性群决策问题,提出了一种基于区间二元语义信息处理和矢量相似度的群决策方法,弥补了基于距离测度的决策方法易造成信息混淆的不足。该方法首先使用二元语义转换函数对多粒度区间语言评价信息进行一致化处理;然后通过建立使备选方案对正理想解相似度最大、负理想解相似度最小的最优化模型来获得相应的属性权重;最后利用区间二元语义的集结算子对评价信息进行加权集成,并通过优序数排序法实现对各方案的排序。实例分析说明了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

物流中心选址问题的二元语义决策方法

为了有效避免语言评价中信息的损失和扭曲,从而提高物流中心选址的准确性,在层次分析法中引入三角模糊数,将各评价指标量化,提出一种二元语义决策选址方法.给出二元语义评价的方法与步骤,并通过物流中心选址的算例分析说明该方法的合理性.     

基于广义优序法的语言型多属性群决策方法

针对具有语言评价信息的多属性群决策问题,提出基于广义优序法的语言型多属性群决策方法。该方法通过对传统优序法进行有效拓展,采用近年来最新发展的二元语义概念,将语言评价信息转化为二元语义形式的广义优序数,并在此基础上利用方案广义优序数的偏差最大化思想求解得到属性权重,最终确定最优方案。该方法对语言信息的处理较为精确,有效地避免了信息的丢失和扭曲。最后,通过对风险投资案例的分析结果表明了所提出方法的简洁性和有效性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.