共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 187 毫秒
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工件圆度误差测量不确定度评定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了实现工件圆度误差的不确定度评定,对基于三坐标测量机的工件圆度轮廓数据的采样策略、圆度评定方法及不确定度评定方法进行研究。首先,根据工件圆度轮廓特征进行实验测量,获取不同工件的多个样本。接着,基于最小二乘法和微分进化优化算法对样本的圆度误差进行了误差评定。然后,在分析比较误差大小的基础上,说明了采用的采样策略和微分进化评定算法。最后,基于圆度误差评定结果运用了测量不确定度表示指南(GUM)和蒙特卡洛方法(MCM)进行不确定度评定。实验结果表明:微分进化算法与最小二乘法相比均值差最大达到1.1μm, MCM方法比GUM方法得到的标准不确定度均值小0.02μm。合理的采样点数、微分进化算法及MCM不确定度评定方法可以得到更稳定可靠、精度高的评定结果。 相似文献
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为了全面分析寄生式时栅误差和不确定度来源,提高寄生式时栅的测量精度,建立符合国际GUM规范检测结果的不确定度评定模型,以84对级的寄生式时栅为研究对象,根据其测量原理分析所测量角度的计算公式,进而将不确定度来源分为插补脉冲个数的误差、插补脉冲信号的量化误差、行波信号的周期误差和环境误差四大类,从理论上建立各不确定度分量之间的理论传递关系,应用现代不确定度理论,推导出合成测量不确定度计算公式。搭建实验平台,利用示波器等仪器的测量结果评定各不确定分量具体数值大小,计算被测角度的合成测量不确定度值。通过与寄生式时栅整圆周的实际测量误差相比较,可以看出利用该评定方法评定的传感器角度测量不确定度与实际误差相符,因此可以用于寄生式时栅传感器的实际评定。 相似文献
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测量与控制系统动态误差溯源熵方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
误差溯源方法主要是尽可能使“黑箱”系统得到“白化”。论文提出应用动态熵值方法对测控系统进行误差溯源,讨论了测量与控制系统的输入、干扰信号分别对输出信号熵值的贡献,并建立了求取多维测量与控制系统的动态熵方法不确定度分量表达式,力求建立比较简明通用的误差溯源数学模型,使静态误差和动态误差有统一的分析研究方法。 相似文献
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针对在评价大型抛物面天线轮廓度时存在的安装和测量误差问题,本文提出一种基于遗传算法和最小二乘法的方法用于大型抛物面轮廓度误差的评定方法.该方法能有效的在轮廓度评价过程中实现被测点与理论轮廓的自适应调整,以此来消除被测点与理论轮廓之间的位置误差对轮廓度误差评定结果的影响,并以仿真结果对该方法做了有效的验证. 相似文献
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评定二次曲面轮廓度误差的角度分割逼近法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
提出一种基于角度分割逼近算法和粒子群算法计算二次曲面轮廓度误差的最小区域评定方法来准确评定任意位姿的二次曲面轮廓度误差。首先,给出了能够实现角度分割逼近算法的两条前提假设;基于假设,给出了更合理的算法网格布局递推公式。根据曲面轮廓度误差的定义建立了误差评定的精确模型。然后,采用角度分割逼近法求取测点到拟合二次曲面轮廓的距离;通过粒子群算法,以所有的点与二次曲面距离中的最大值为适应度值拟合出二次曲面一般方程,并实现被测轮廓与理论轮廓位置的匹配。最后,采用上述方法对某抛物面天线进行了评定,并与参数分割法、SMX-Insight和最小二乘法进行比较。实验结果显示:该方法测得的天线轮廓度误差为0.659 8 mm,比其它方法准确。结论表明:基于角度分割算法能够更有效地评定任意位姿二次曲面轮廓度误差,计算准确、迅速,而且无需确定待分割区域。 相似文献
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The cone is widely used in mechanical design for rotation, centering and fixing. Whether the conicity error can be measured and evaluated accurately will directly influence its assembly accuracy and working performance. According to the new generation geometrical product specification(GPS), the error and its measurement uncertainty should be evaluated together. The mathematical model of the minimum zone conicity error is established and an improved immune evolutionary algorithm(IIEA) is proposed to search for the conicity error. In the IIEA, initial antibodies are firstly generated by using quasi-random sequences and two kinds of affinities are calculated. Then, each antibody clone is generated and they are self-adaptively mutated so as to maintain diversity. Similar antibody is suppressed and new random antibody is generated. Because the mathematical model of conicity error is strongly nonlinear and the input quantities are not independent, it is difficult to use Guide to the expression of uncertainty in the measurement(GUM) method to evaluate measurement uncertainty. Adaptive Monte Carlo method(AMCM) is proposed to estimate measurement uncertainty in which the number of Monte Carlo trials is selected adaptively and the quality of the numerical results is directly controlled. The cone parts was machined on lathe CK6140 and measured on Miracle NC 454 Coordinate Measuring Machine(CMM). The experiment results confirm that the proposed method not only can search for the approximate solution of the minimum zone conicity error(MZCE) rapidly and precisely, but also can evaluate measurement uncertainty and give control variables with an expected numerical tolerance. The conicity errors computed by the proposed method are 20%-40% less than those computed by NC454 CMM software and the evaluation accuracy improves significantly. 相似文献
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对不确定性优化方法进行研究并应用。建立悬臂梁结构优化模型和火箭发动机喷管型面优化模型,分别进行确定性优化与不确定性优化。优化过程中对悬臂梁结构采用蒙特卡洛仿真方法,对火箭发动机喷管型面进行了响应面近似。优化结果显示:不确定性优化确实得到了更加可行的设计结果。 相似文献
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Boyuan Liu Shuangxi Huang Wenhui Fan Tianyuan Xiao James Humann Yuyang Lai Yan Jin 《机械工程学报(英文版)》2016,29(5):889-900
Complex engineered systems are often difficult to analyze and design due to the tangled interdependencies among their subsystems and components. Conventional design methods often need exact modeling or accurate structure decomposition, which limits their practical application. The rapid expansion of data makes utilizing data to guide and improve system design indispensable in practical engineering. In this paper, a data driven uncertainty evaluation approach is proposed to support the design of complex engineered systems. The core of the approach is a data-mining based uncertainty evaluation method that predicts the uncertainty level of a specific system design by means of analyzing association relations along different system attributes and synthesizing the information entropy of the covered attribute areas, and a quantitative measure of system uncertainty can be obtained accordingly. Monte Carlo simulation is introduced to get the uncertainty extrema, and the possible data distributions under different situations is discussed in detail. The uncertainty values can be normalized using the simulation results and the values can be used to evaluate different system designs. A prototype system is established, and two case studies have been carried out. The case of an inverted pendulum system validates the effectiveness of the proposed method, and the case of an oil sump design shows the practicability when two or more design plans need to be compared. This research can be used to evaluate the uncertainty of complex engineered systems completely relying on data, and is ideally suited for plan selection and performance analysis in system design. 相似文献
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本文针对传统电压源校准方法存在的问题,提出了一种基于卫星共视法的电压源远程校准方法,该方法以非实物标准传递为基础,实现将标准器置于实验室而无需传递至现场进行远程校准,可解决引入附加误差的问题,通过设计基于共视法的电压源远程校准系统,建立校准模型,根据共视原理,实现标准端和被校端电压值远程比对,完成校准。本文对远程校准方法和传统校准方法在直流0~1 V校准点校准结果进行了对比,结果显示两种方法的校准结果差距在5.2×10-5 V以内。本文给出了两种方法在直流1 V校准点的不确定度评定过程,并通过传递比较法对两种方法的校准结果进行了一致性评价,结果表明,远程法在1 V校准点的扩展不确定度为9.182 44×10-5 V(k=2),且校准结果与传统法具有一致性。 相似文献
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三坐标机测量齿轮齿廓的不确定度评价 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
介绍了坐标测量中几种常用的不确定度评价方法.指出传统的三坐标测量机的测量不确定度评价方法大都不适用于评价坐标测量中面向对象的测量不确定度,并对使用蒙特卡洛方法评价测量不确定度进行了研究.首先,根据三坐标测量机详细标定文件及补偿策略说明建立测量模型.然后,将测量中的采样点通过测量模型生成大量测量结果,并以此评价测量不确定度.在齿廓评价实验中,评定齿廓误差的测量不确定度为0.96 μm时,多次评价结果之间的最大差值不超过0.03 μm,具有可靠的理论依据和较稳定的评定结果.文章指出,目前商用三坐标测量机大都不能为特定的测量对象提供测量不确定度报告,使用蒙特卡洛方法有希望改变此现状. 相似文献
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高精度锥度(角)现场自动测量系统 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据锥度(角)的定义与测量原理,结合现代传感器技术,设计锥度(角)传感器。针对汽车变速器一轴锥孔锥角参数精度要求,研制锥度(角)现场自动测量系统。论述该系统的测量原理、系统组成、测量准确度评估和系统使用验证等内容。 相似文献
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为检验测量结果的可信性、可比性,必须对测量结果的不确定度进行评定。根据监测仪器的测量原理、校准方法分析不确定度的来源,按不确定度评定原则给出测量不确定度的评定方法。 相似文献