共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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用碱、漆酶、精练酶通过正交设计实验对竹原纤维进行纤细化处理,测定了处理后的竹原纤维细度变化率、木质素含量及强度。结果表明:精练酶去除木质素的效果比碱和漆酶处理好,木质素含量从原来的18.98%降为7.27%,处理后竹原纤维强度几乎没有损伤;碱去除木质素的效果比漆酶好,但强度损伤比漆酶处理大;生物酶脱胶方法有望成为竹原纤维脱胶加工的实际生产方法。 相似文献
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国外黄麻纺织科研动态 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
自80年代末以来,国外许多国家,尤其是南亚国家并未因大气候不景气而减慢黄麻纺织技术研究,他们取得了许多成果,现介绍如下,以供我国黄麻纺织行业推动科技进步借鉴。 一、以产品开发为龙头的工艺研究 1.利用生物技术,对黄麻纤维进行脱胶和漂白处理,以提高纤维的可纺性 国外已研究成功一种黄麻软麻新工艺——采用酶剂作为脱胶的发酵剂。该酶剂是主要利用麦糠为培养基培养出来的纤维软化酶。它品种较多,其中,曲霉素的生物化学性质最稳定。这种酶具有较高的活性,能渗透到纤维基体中去,使纤维进一步分离,并使附着在麻纤维上的杂质松散脱落。在它的作用下,麻纤维得到比传统工艺处理更为理想的软化,从而减少梳理阻力,降低细纱断头率,提高纺纱效率和提高可纺纱支数。 相似文献
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《毛纺科技》2021,49(10)
利用正交试验方法,以质量损失率、断裂强力、断裂伸长率和直径为检测指标,研究工业大麻单种酶脱胶工艺的参数和脱胶效果的关系。在正交试验的基础下,建立单纯格子点试验设计方案并给出了复合酶脱胶的优化工艺参数。在最优工艺处理后,进行了工业大麻纤维的力学性能、抗菌性能测试,表观形态分析、基团分析及元素分析。试验结果表明:工业大麻复合酶脱胶最优工艺参数为:浴比1∶20,pH值5.0,处理温度50℃,处理时间50 min,质量比为m(漆酶)∶m(木聚糖酶)∶m(半纤维素酶)=0.290∶0.166∶0.544,果胶酶未选用。最优工艺下脱胶的工业大麻纤维表面光滑,胶质被大部分去除,抗菌性有所提高。 相似文献
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Aixue Dong Xuerong Fan Yuanyuan Yu Ping Wang Jiugang Yuan 《Journal of Natural Fibers》2018,15(3):384-395
Effect of laccase treatment on the content, structure, and surface distribution of lignin in jute fibers were fundamentally investigated. Four percent lignin was removed from jute fibers via the laccase treatment. The residual lignin in the laccase-treated jute fibers showed increased molecular weights, which indicated polymerization between lignins on jute fibers. Meanwhile, the phenolic hydroxyl content in lignin decreased during the laccase oxidation accompanied by demethylation of methoxyl groups and generation of carbonyl groups. Due to the degradation and subsequent polymerization of lignin by laccase, the bulgy lignins on jute fiber surfaces were redistributed, which made the surface neat and glossy. 相似文献
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Bio-preparation is a developing and promising method for lowering the consumption of chemicals specially in wet finishing where plenty of these compounds are used. In this study, samples of jute yarns were bio-finished by cellulase, xylanase, pectinase, laccase enzymes, and their mixtures. Then, they were scoured, bleached, and dyed with basic and/or direct dyes in conventional methods. Samples were analyzed by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, reflective spectrophotometer, mechanical tester, and then compared. FTIR peaks of enzymatic-treated samples showed aldehyde absorption peaks, and also changes in carbonyl groups of hemi-cellulose and aromatic –CH– out of plane vibration in lignin. The whiteness and brightness index values of jute yarns improved before and after bleaching. Pectinase-treated jute yarn enhanced yarn count compare to other enzymatic or NaOH treatment. All enzymatic or NaOH treatments decreased the tenacity of jute yarns. Xylanase and cellulose treatments showed lower tensile strength than others. Pectinase and laccase enzymes increased dye strength of the jute yarn that dyed by direct dye, while cellulase, xylanase, and pectinase did the same for basic dye. 相似文献
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Jute natural fiber is gradually replacing traditional glass fibers as reinforcement in composites due to their higher specific modulus and lower specific gravity. For reducing rotting properties of jute fiber, rot-retardant treatment was conducted on different portions of the fiber. The rot-retardant jute fibers were characterized by tensile test, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and thermal and water absorption tests. The tensile properties improved in the middle portion as compared to the top and bottom portions and deteriorated after rot-retardant treatment. The diameter gradually increased from top to middle and then to bottom portion after treatment. The crystalinity index was found higher for bottom portion. Thermal properties of jute fiber also improved as compared to the control jute fiber. The rot-retardant--treated jute fiber may find satisfactory and desirable application in our house hold accessories. 相似文献
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为解决当前环境污染和可持续发展问题,采用模压成型工艺制备可降解黄麻/PBS复合材料,通过拉伸、弯曲性能测试、红外分析和SEM观察,探讨纤维含量和碱处理对材料性能的影响。结果表明:随着纤维含量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度先增大后减小,在纤维含量为10%时达到最大值,比纯PBS提高了30.1%;拉伸模量、弯曲强度和弯曲模量均随纤维含量的增大而提高,在纤维含量为30%时分别比纯PBS提高了24.2%、185.5%和107.7%。碱处理后黄麻纤维表面杂质被去除,表面部分刻蚀变粗糙,复合材料的综合力学性能得到提高,其中弯曲模量提高显著,比未处理的黄麻复合材料提高了58%。 相似文献
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黄麻/PHB复合材料性能研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
利用黄麻纤维制毡,再与热塑性聚β-羟基丁酸(PHB)材料在一定的条件下热压成复合材料。试验表明,通过对黄麻纤维的化学处理、控制PHB的用量和热压复合条件,可以获得综合性能良好的黄麻/PHB复合材料。 相似文献