恒温超塑焊接接头断口分析

通过对４０Ｃｒ，Ｔ１０钢的同材或异材恒温超塑焊接接头的断口分析，提出超塑焊接接头是由冶金结合的焊合区及机械结合区、显微空隙等焊接缺陷构成的接头构成模型，可供超塑焊接工艺及质量检测参考。     

恒温超塑焊接接头断口分析

通过对４０Ｃｒ，Ｔ１０钢的同材或异材恒温超塑焊接接头的断口分析，提出超塑焊接接头是由冶金结合的焊合区及机械结合区、显微空隙等焊接缺陷构成的接头构成模型，可供超塑焊接工艺及质量检测参考．     

超塑成形加热及换模装置

介绍了用于大型构件超塑成形的加热及换模装置的主要结构特点。该装置能够满足大尺寸铝、钛合金板材超塑成形和扩散连接的需要     

超塑成形加热及换模装置

介绍了用于大型构件超塑成形的加热及换模装置的主要结构特点。该装置能够满足大尺寸铝、钛合金板材超塑成形和扩散连接的需要。     

焊接刀具超焊缝加热淬火工艺研究

本文对W18Cr4V钢、45钢摩擦焊焊接刀具进行了超焊缝加热淬火工艺研究。结果表明,超焊缝加热淬火回火,焊缝组织得到改善,硬度、抗弯强度及扭转强度均得到提高、焊缝处未产生裂纹。超焊缝加热淬火工艺具有很多优点,应进行深人研究。     

结构钢与工具钢的恒温超塑性固相焊接

探讨了利用钢的恒温超塑性实现结构钢与工具钢固相焊接的可行性及最佳工艺参数，分析了影响超塑焊接的主要因素及焊接缺陷。     

电极防氧化涂层的研究

详细介绍了电炉炼钢用石墨电极柱侧面防氧化涂层的特点及开发过程。所开发的电极防氧化涂料可以在1300℃下对石墨电极起到防氧化作用。     

异种钢恒温超塑焊接头特征区域分析

通过对40Cr/T10A钢试样及试样待焊面表层分别实施盐浴加热循环淬火、高频淬火及激光淬火的组织超细化预处理,借助于金相及电子显微分析技术,系统研究了异种钢恒温超塑焊接头区显微组织形貌、超塑性微观结构特征及其形成特点,提出了恒温超塑焊接头组织特征区域的构成模型.结果表明,恒温超塑焊接合面处存在着明显扩散行为,其接头的特征区域可分为界面超细晶区、过渡区、母材区;经超细化预处理的接头区在恒温超塑焊过程中呈现出典型的超塑性微观结构特征.     

异种钢材的恒温超塑性扩散焊工艺

探讨了利用恒温超塑性实现Ｗ６Ｍｏ５Ｃｒ４Ｖ２钢和４５１风的扩散焊接的可行必琢影响因素。通过电镜分析以及蜀机处显微硬度等的测试,对超塑性焊接接头及其界面组织进行了观念与分析。试验表明,经超细化预处理后的Ｗ６Ｍｏ５Ｃｒ４Ｖ２钢与４５钢,在变形温度Ｔｓ＝７５０℃～７８０℃、预压应力σ０＝８０～１００ＭＰＡ,压接前保温时间ｔ＝－１０～１５ｍｉｎ及接头强度达到母材（４５钢）的超塑性扩散焊接。     

Experiments with a Low-Cost Hot Isothermal Pressing Machine Developed for Superplastic Forming

Hot isothermal/isostatic pressing machines are technically good candidates for superplastic forming (SPF) of otherwise hard-to-shape materials such as superalloys. These machines are, however, very expensive so that small or medium-size enterprises can not afford them. This has impeded widespread use of SPF processing. In an attempt to alleviate the problem, the authors have developed a laboratory model of an affordable hot isothermal pressing machine with differential gas pressure as the forming medium. Careful selection of process parameters such as temperature, gas pressure, strain rate, and process time as well as monitoring of thickness changes in a workpiece has a pivotal role in successful operation of such machine. It has been illustrated in this article that SPF can be successfully performed with this machine on the basis of process parameters estimated with existing analytical relations. The performance of this machine has been verified by several experiments on SPF of titanium-based sheets, as reported in this article.     

柱状晶CuAlBe超弹性合金丝的等温变形

对热型连铸制备的柱状晶CuAlBe超弹性合金丝做等温变形试验,研究柱状晶在变形过程中组织和性能的变化.等温温度从400℃到600℃,变形量从25％到62.5％.结果表明,变形温度为450～550℃,在所研究的变形量内都能得到以β相为主及少量α相的柱状晶组织,力学性能与变形前大致相同,但残余变形大大增加.低于450℃变形产生马氏体,变形量增大时还导致晶界裂纹.高于550℃变形则产生十字星形γ2.后两者都使力学性能急剧下降.     

一种新型镍基粉末高温合金等温热压缩过程中的超塑性变形行为研究

基于Gleeble等温热压缩试验,并结合OM、SEM、EBSD等分析手段,研究了一种新型热挤压态第3代镍基粉末高温合金FGH4113A(WZ-A3)在超塑性压缩变形过程中的流动特性和微观组织演化规律。给出了在温度1050、1100℃,应变速率0.001、0.005 s^-1,不同变形量(应变)条件下的超塑性变形行为及其变形机制。结果表明：FGH4113A(WZ-A3)合金在热压缩变形过程中表现出良好的超塑性,未发现孔洞或裂纹;1100℃/0.001 s-1大变形后期(60%～80%变形量)晶粒有长大趋势,其余变形条件晶粒尺寸变化不大;在超塑性压缩变形过程中,累积的位错主要通过动态回复和动态再结晶所湮灭,晶界滑移是发生大变形而未开裂的主要原因。该研究结果为新型的FGH4113A(WZ-A3)合金超塑性等温锻造工艺制定奠定了良好的基础。     

一种超塑成形设备的控制与应用

超塑成形是制造难变形材料复杂零部件的一种精密成形技术,超塑成形设备通过温度加热和测控系统以及成形速度和压力控制系统,使特殊材料在温度和气压作用下发生超塑变形。     

Isothermal Oxidation Comparison of Three Ni-Based Superalloys

Ni-based superalloys are used for high-temperature components of gas turbines in both industrial and aerospace applications due to their ability to maintain dimensional stability under conditions of high stress and strain. The oxidation resistance of these alloys often dictates their service lifetime. This study focuses on the isothermal oxidation behavior of three Ni-based superalloys, namely, polycrystalline cast IN738LC, single-crystal N5, and a ternary Ni-Fe-Cr (TAS) powder metallurgy alloy. The isothermal oxidation tests were conducted at 900 °C in the static air up to 1000 h, and the specific aspects studied were the oxidation behavior of these chromia-forming and alumina-forming alloys that are used extensively in industry. In particular, the behavior of oxide scale growth and subsurface changes were analyzed in detail using various techniques such as SEM, EDS, and AFM. From the isothermal oxidation kinetics, the oxidation rate constant, k _p, was calculated for each alloy and found to be; k _p = 2.79 × 10^?6 mg² cm^?4 s^?1 for IN738LC, k _p = 1.42 × 10^?7 mg² cm^?4 s^?1 for N5 and k _p = 1.62 × 10^?7 mg² cm^?4 s^?1 for TAS. Based on a microstructural analysis, IN738LC exhibited a continuous dense outer scale of Cr₂O₃ and discontinuous inner scale of Al₂O₃, whereas N5 and TAS showed a dense outer scale of Al₂O₃ alone. The results suggested that the N5 and PM-TAS alloys are more oxidation resistant than the IN738LC under these conditions.     

四种典型高温防护涂层的抗氧化性能

目的系统地评价典型高温防护涂层的抗高温氧化性能,并分析其失效机制。方法通过对比普通Ni Al涂层、NiCrAlY涂层、Pt改性Ni Al涂层以及Pt+Hf共改性Ni Al涂层等四种典型高温防护涂层在1100℃的恒温氧化行为,从氧化过程中的氧化增重、组织结构演变规律等角度出发,分析了四种涂层在高温氧化过程中的抗氧化性能以及氧化失效规律。结果四种涂层在1100℃恒温氧化过程中的增重均符合抛物线规律。普通Ni Al涂层氧化膜粘附性能较差,氧化膜快速剥落,涂层退化最快。NiCrAlY涂层中Y元素在氧化膜/涂层界面形成"钉扎"作用,显著提高氧化膜的粘附性能,但由于涂层内部Al元素含量降低,涂层1100℃氧化300 h后基本失效。Pt改性Ni Al涂层的氧化膜较为完整,但氧化膜起伏严重。Pt+Hf共改性Ni Al涂层的氧化膜均匀完整且无明显起伏,具有综合最优的抗高温氧化性能。结论四种涂层的抗高温氧化性能排序为:Pt+Hf共改性Ni Al Pt改性NiAl普通Ni AlNiCrAlY。     

Internal Oxidation Thermodynamics and Isothermal Oxidation Behavior of AgSnO2 Electrical Contact Materials

研究了Ag-Sn合金内氧化热力学与恒温氧化行为。热力学计算结果表明,Ag-Sn合金内氧化在热力学上是可行的,并绘制了合金氧化热力学区位图。经氧化实验获得Ag-Sn合金恒温氧化行为曲线。Ag-Sn合金快速氧化的温度区间为550℃至800℃。随内氧化温度的升高,合金的氧化更为彻底并逐步趋于平稳。实验所得AgSnO2材料中,SnO2颗粒弥散分布于Ag基体中。在内氧化过程中,氧的扩散使合金内部发生氧化,并生成呈网状排布的氧化物。