需求可拆分车辆路径问题的禁忌搜索算法

为解决实际配送运输中的车辆路径问题（Vehicle Routing Problem,VRP）,通过改进传统的数学模型,解除每个客户需求只能由l辆车配送的约束,建立改进的可拆分车辆路径问题（Split Delivery VRP,SDVRP）数学模型,并利用禁忌搜索算法（Taboo Search Algorithm,TSA）进行求解．在TSA的设计中,根据SDVRP模型的特点对初始解、邻域搜索和解的评价等进行特殊处理．算例表明,该模型不仅可以解决VRP模型中不允许配送点需求量超出装载量的限制,而且通过相应配送点需求量的拆分和重新组合,可节省车辆数目、缩短路线长度、提高车辆装载率．     

需求可拆分的开放式车辆路径问题研究

传统的开放式车辆路径问题假设客户的需求不可拆分、车辆类型相同,但在实际的物流配送中,车辆类型不完全相同,对需求的拆分能充分利用车辆的装载能力,降低运输成本。为此,提出需求可拆分的不同种车辆的开放式车辆路径问题,给出整数规划的数学模型,利用禁忌搜索算法对该问题求解,改进算法中初始解和邻域结构的产生过程。通过实验验证模型的有效性,并将结果与传统的开放式车辆路径问题进行比较,表明该算法可有效减少运输成本。     

带时间窗的多车型需求可拆分揽收配送问题

研究了一种带时间窗的多车型需求可拆分揽收配送问题(Multi-Vehicle Split Pickup and Delivery Problem with Time Windows,MVSPDPTW).针对这个问题以执行任务车辆行驶路径总长度最小为目标函数,建立了一个混合整数线性规划模型.提出了一种高效禁忌模拟退火(T...     

汽车零部件Milk-run车辆调度优化模型和算法

为了寻求汽车零部件采用循环取货时车辆的最优路径,提出将每个供应商零部件循环、分批提取使车辆尽可能满载的建模思路,建立具有车辆容积、车辆到达时间窗、供应商供货动态时间窗、车辆最大行程约束的车辆调度优化模型,设计了用于求解该模型的改进启发式节约算法。最后通过算例验证了多重约束模型及算法的有效性。     

多中心半开放式送取需求可拆分的车辆路径优化

针对多中心半开放式送取需求可拆分的车辆路径问题,构建了以车辆配送距离最短为目标的多中心半开放式送取需求可拆分的数学模型。设计大变异邻域遗传算法进行求解,采用二维染色体编码及顺序交叉策略,同时运用大变异策略和邻域搜索策略提高算法全局和局部的寻优能力,通过算例对比验证了所提模型与算法的有效性。算例实验表明,大变异邻域遗传算法在求解多中心物流配送车辆路径问题上求解质量较优、求解效率较高、求解结果较为稳定,同时验证了联合配送下多中心半开放式送取需求可拆分的配送模式优于独立配送下单中心送取需求可拆分的配送模式。研究成果不仅拓展了车辆路径问题,还可为相关快递物流企业配送优化提供决策参考。     

需求可拆分车辆路径问题的聚类求解算法

针对传统的车辆路径问题通常假设客户的需求不能拆分,即客户的需求由一辆车满足,而实际上通过需求的拆分可使需要的车辆数更少,从而降低配送成本的问题,分析了需求可拆分的车辆路径问题的解的特征,证明了客户需求不宜拆分应满足的条件,设计了符合解的特征的聚类算法,并对其求解.通过实验仿真,将所提出的聚类算法与蚁群算法和禁忌搜索算法进行比较,所得结果表明了所提出的算法可以更有效地求得需求可拆分车辆路径问题的优化解,是解决需求可拆分车辆路径问题的有效方法.     

求解模糊需求可回程取货车辆路径问题的改进人工鱼群算法

模糊需求可回程取货车辆路径问题是运筹学领域研究的一个热点问题。文中构建该问题的数学模型,并提出一种改进的人工鱼群算法。将人工鱼群算法仿生学原理和决策者主观偏好进行有效结合,重构人工鱼群算法的寻优公式,通过动态调整人工鱼移动步长、视野范围和邻域值等方法提高寻优能力。仿真实验结果证实该算法的有效性和优越性。     

求解需求可拆分车辆路径问题的聚类算法

针对需求可拆分车辆路径问题（SDVRP）,提出一种先分组后路径的聚类算法。该算法考虑车辆载重的均衡性和可行解的特征,优先安排载重大于等于车辆限载的客户;然后结合客户间的距离和载重,设定一个拆分阈值限定车辆载重范围,按照就近原则对客户进行聚类分组,当组内客户载重未达到车辆载重最小值而加入新客户后超出限载时,对新加入客户进行拆分和调整,最终完成对所有客户的分组;最后采用蚁群优化算法对各组内客户进行线路规划。实验结果表明,所提算法在求解需求可拆分车辆路径问题时,具有更高的稳定性,得到的结果更优。     

集货需求可拆分的多越库中心库门分配及车辆路径协同优化

针对集货需求可拆分的多越库中心库门分配及车辆路径协同优化问题,综合考虑多越库中心共同配送、集货需求可拆分、库内操作等因素,以车辆派遣成本、车辆油耗成本、库内叉车固定成本和运输成本以及时间窗惩罚成本之和最小化为目标,建立优化模型.根据问题特征,设计混合遗传算法求解.该算法在交叉变异中引入具有方向性的粒子群寻优,采取进化逆转和保留最优个体策略改善求解质量.通过多组算例验证算法的有效性,并分析配送模式以及车辆类型对配送方案制定的影响.结果表明,所提出模式能有效降低越库中心运营成本.研究成果不仅可以丰富越库配送模式下的车辆路径问题研究,也为多越库中心物流企业合理利用资源制定科学的配送方案提供理论依据.     

需求可拆分校车路径问题的元启发式算法

校车路径规划中,允许站点乘车需求拆分通常能有效地降低校车服务成本。将该问题定义为需求可拆分校车路径问题(SDSBRP)进行求解。由于校车服务中要顾及学生最大乘车时间,且优化目标要兼顾所需校车数量和校车行驶距离,经典SDVRP算法难以直接应用于SDSBRP。因此分析了该问题的解特征,首次构建双目标SDSBRP数学模型,并首次设计针对该问题的元启发式求解算法。该算法首先构造初始可行解,然后在模拟退火算法框架下,引入站点需求拆分的邻域搜索算子进行迭代搜索,逐步改善解的质量。邻域搜索中,设计了多目标问题的邻域接受准则来引导邻域解的搜索方向,并引入破坏重建机制来增加解的多样性。使用已有的测试案例集和改造的测试案例进行算法测试,实验结果表明所提算法收敛性好,能够显著降低校车服务成本。     

Vehicle routing problems with split deliveries

This paper is a survey on the vehicle routing problems with split deliveries, a class of routing problems where each customer may be served by more than one vehicle. Starting from the most classical routing problems, we introduce the split delivery vehicle routing problem (SDVRP). We review a formulation, the main properties and exact and heuristic solution approaches for the SDVRP. Then, we present a general overview of several variants of the SDVRP and of the literature available.     

A two-stage heuristic method for vehicle routing problem with split deliveries and pickups

The vehicle routing problem （VRP） is a well-known combinatorial optimization issue in transportation and logistics network systems. There exist several limitations associated with the traditional VRP. Releasing the restricted conditions of traditional VRP has become a research focus in the past few decades. The vehicle routing problem with split deliveries and pickups （VRPSPDP） is particularly proposed to release the constraints on the visiting times per customer and vehicle capacity, that is, to allow the deliveries and pickups for each customer to be simultaneously split more than once. Few studies have focused on the VRPSPDP problem. In this paper we propose a two-stage heuristic method integrating the initial heuristic algorithm and hybrid heuristic algorithm to study the VRPSPDP problem. To validate the proposed algorithm, Solomon benchmark datasets and extended Solomon benchmark datasets were modified to compare with three other popular algorithms. A total of 18 datasets were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The computational results indicated that the proposed algorithm is superior to these three algorithms for VRPSPDP in terms of total travel cost and average loading rate.     

带软时间窗的两阶段连锁门店配送车辆路径问题研究

针对连锁企业配送路径优化决策问题,利用分解法进行两阶段分析,建立数学模型,并引入时间窗约束。应用最小包络聚类分析方法确定供应商与配送中心的最佳位置与数量,运用禁忌搜索算法求解配送中心到门店的最佳配送路径,算例测试验证了该方法的有效性与研究的实用价值。     

带时间窗车辆路径问题的多目标文化基因算法

针对物流配送中带时间窗的车辆路径问题,以最小化车辆使用数和行驶距离为目标,建立了多目标数学模型,提出了一种求解该问题的多目标文化基因算法。种群搜索采用遗传算法的进化模式和Pareto排序的选择方式,局部搜索采用禁忌搜索机制和存储池的结构,协调两者得到的Pareto非占优解的关系。与不带局部搜索的多目标遗传算法和单目标文化基因算法的对比实验表明,本文算法的求解质量较高。     

Testing local search move operators on the vehicle routing problem with split deliveries and time windows

The vehicle routing problem (VRP) is an important transportation problem. The literature addresses several extensions of this problem, including variants having delivery time windows associated with customers and variants allowing split deliveries to customers. The problem extension including both of these variations has received less attention in the literature. This research effort sheds further light on this problem. Specifically, this paper analyzes the effects of combinations of local search (LS) move operators commonly used on the VRP and its variants. We find when paired with a MAX-MIN Ant System constructive heuristic, Or-opt or 2-opt⁎ appear to be the ideal LS operators to employ on the VRP with split deliveries and time windows with Or-opt finding higher quality solutions and 2-opt⁎ requiring less run time.     

车辆路径问题的禁忌搜索算法研究

简要回顾了车辆路径问题的禁忌搜索算法的发展现状,提出了一种改进的禁忌搜索算法。该算法将路径问题按不同的车辆-顾客分配结构分解成若干子问题,然后用禁忌搜索算法求解每个子问题,最后从所有子问题的最优解中选出全局最优解。理论分析和实验结果表明该算法比以往的算法有以下优点：拓展了搜索空间,提高了最优解的效果;是一种将问题进行空间分解的并行算法,可采用多台计算机同时运算以减少整体运行时间。     

A genetic algorithm based approach to vehicle routing problem with simultaneous pick-up and deliveries

The vehicle routing problem with simultaneous pick-up and deliveries, which considers simultaneous distribution and collection of goods to/from customers, is an extension of the capacitated vehicle routing problem. There are various real cases, where fleet of vehicles originated in a depot serves customers with pick-up and deliveries from/to their locations. Increasing importance of reverse logistics activities make it necessary to determine efficient and effective vehicle routes for simultaneous pick-up and delivery activities. The vehicle routing problem with simultaneous pick-up and deliveries is also NP-hard as a capacitated vehicle routing problem and this study proposes a genetic algorithm based approach to this problem. Computational example is presented with parameter settings in order to illustrate the proposed approach. Moreover, performance of the proposed approach is evaluated by solving several test problems.     

A heuristic method for the vehicle routing problem with mixed deliveries and pickups

The vehicle routing problem with deliveries and pickups is a challenging extension to the vehicle routing problem that lately attracted growing attention in the literature. This paper investigates the relationship between two versions of this problem, called “mixed” and “simultaneous”. In particular, we wish to know whether a solution algorithm designed for the simultaneous case can solve the mixed case. To this end, we implement a metaheuristic based on reactive tabu search. The results suggest that this approach can yield good results.