基于声探测定位算法及精度分析

无源声探测技术是一种重要的军事侦查手段,是防空作战中反电子干扰和反低空突防的一种有效途径.它具有被动接收、隐蔽性好和探测距离远等优点.针对无源声探测中平面声传感器阵对小仰角目标估计精度偏低的问题,提出了立体声传感器阵,推导了该阵列的基本定位算法,并进行了定向误差分析.结果表明,该算法提高了小仰角目标的探测精度,且与目标方位角无关.它克服了平面阵列的固有缺点,在对低空、超低空飞行目标的定位工程实践领域中,更具实用性.     

被动声定位系统的计算机仿真

讨论了声探测引信跟踪定位系统的工作原理，设计了对系统进行仿真的方法，给出随机噪声产生的方法，验证了系统中传器阵列布阵方法，对延估计的精度，定位算法和卡尔曼滤波的精度，统计试验表明，该系统能够给出满足的目标坐标，并能够跟上目标的机动。     

五元空间阵声被动定位算法及性能分析

针对四元阵存在定向精度与方位角有关和定距精度差的问题,提出了五元空间探测基阵的定位模型,即在高低四元阵的基础上,在中间增加一个阵元．根据被动声定位原理推导了定位算法,分析了阵列尺寸、时延估计误差、俯仰角和距离对定位精度的影响．仿真结果表明,该基阵具有良好的定位效果．     

被动声定位系统的计算机仿真

讨论了声探测引信跟踪定位系统的工作原理。设计了对系统进行仿真的方法，给出随机噪声产生的方法。验证了系统中传声器阵列布阵方法，时延估计的精度，定位算法和卡尔曼滤波器的精度、统计试验表明，该系统能够给出满意的目标坐标，并能够跟上目标的机动。     

基于ZigBee的被动声探测数据采集系统

在战场探测目标应用中,被动声探测技术有其独特的优势,能够有效的弥补其他探测方式的不足。针对被动声探测系统依靠有线数据传输的灵活性低、复杂度高等问题,设计了基于ZigBee的被动声探测数据采集系统。利用CC2530作为无线传输模块芯片,并通过SPI与信号采集和处理芯片TMS320LF2407连接。在CC2530中使用了TI公司提供的SimpliciTI协议堆栈进行软件设计,将探测结果传回接收端连接的1602液晶显示。实测结果表明本系统能够稳定无误的传输目标探测信息并实时地传回接收端。     

被动声探测系统机动当前模型的卡尔曼滤波跟踪算法研究

采用机动“当前”模型对被动声探测目标进行了建模，并提出了采用Kalman滤波算法作为目标跟踪的主要算法，给出了仿真算法的详细设计流程。从仿真分析可以看出，采用机动当前模型的Kalman滤波算法可以有效地满足声探测系统的跟踪要求。     

基于时延的被动声探测阵列综合仿真比较

智能雷弹通过对空中目标噪声信号的探测处理来得到目标方位，传声器阵列是雷弹声探测的工具，它的形式直接影响到定位的算法和精度。现有的阵形主要为平面四元阵、立体四元阵和立体五元阵，文中在分析了影响定位精度的几种因素后，在综合考虑误差影响的情况下对阵形进行了仿真对比，结果表明立体阵相比平面阵在俯仰角估计精度上有较大提高，受安装和有效风速影响小，性能优于平面阵。     

基于多传感器交叉提示的临空高速目标探测体系

针对单一平台探测无法实现临空高速目标的连续高概率探测,提出了基于多传感器交叉提示的临空高速目标探测体系。该体系通过分析临空高速目标的探测需求并对传感器交叉提示基本概念、发生条件和传感器部署距离进行定量计算,同时搭建多传感器协同探测仿真平台对比分析有无运用交叉提示技术对目标覆盖效果的影响并对比验证了不同算法对预警探测的影响。仿真结果表明,天基、空基、地基(海基)等多传感器组网能够有效弥补单一探测平台的不足,并证明了多传感器协同组网探测的必要性和可行性,该算法在收敛速度、求解精度和算法运行时间上均优于改进蜂群算法和粒子群算法。     

自适应时延估计算法在被动声定位系统中的应用

在被动声定位系统中，定向精度受到时延估计精度、阵列间距大小和声波传播速度变化等的影响，特别是对时延估计精度的要求较高。分析了传统时延估计算法在时延估计上的局限性，采用自适应参量模型算法实现了低采样频率下的高精度时延估计。完成了算法仿真，编制了DSP处理程序，通过消声室缩比实验验证，表明估计精度和运算时间可满足实际使用的要求。     

一维相控阵引信起爆延时算法研究

传统固定倾角引信拦截TBM目标时，存在炸点可能滞后的问题，若采用增加引信探测距离和减小引信探测倾角的方法则增加了引信的设计难度，利用一维相控阵引信的波束控制技术，自适应地改变波束倾角并结合延时算法可实现对目标的最佳毁伤。文中研究了一种在最佳起爆角估计的基础上的延时算法，通过仿真分析了弹目相对速度以及相对速度矢量与弹轴夹角对延时算法性能和炸点精度的影响。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Method for Measuring Velocity of Warhead Fragments Based on Photoelectric Detection

For measuring velocity and impacting position of single fragment of warhead, a non-contact measuring method is proposed, in which a six-light-screen array, a position indicator, a multi-channel chronograph and a computer are used.The principle of measurement is described. The key device of the system is a light screen array sensor which consists of six light screens allocated with certain geometrical parameters. When the fragment flies through the light screen array, the time of passing through each of the screens is recorded by the multi-channel chronograph. According to the time data and the geometrical parameters of the array, the velocity vector and the location of the fragment can be calculated immediately. The presented method can be used to locate the fragment and to measure the real velocity on its flying direction. It can also be used to measure the velocity of a fragment swarm after the system is engineered further.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

数码电子雷管中影响点火头性能因素分析

阐述了数码电子雷管中,点火药剂细结晶三硝基间苯二酚铅（LTNR）的制备工艺;从点火药剂的种类、加入黏合剂的质量分数、桥丝直径、点火头的电阻值、防潮漆的蘸涂等方面对点火头性能的影响因素进行了探讨;通过震动试验、并联起爆试验、延期精度检测与考核,试验结果表明：一次性合成的细结晶LTNR是制造数码电子雷管点火头较为理想的点火药剂,按技术要求生产的点火头性能指标能够满足行业标准要求。     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Robust Graded Sliding Mode Tracking Control for Low Speed Spinning Ballistic Missiles

The nonlinear dynamic model of spinning ballistic missiles is established during the first boosting phase of the missile. Based on the conventional backstepping sliding mode control and the assumption of a two time-scale separation of missile dynamics, a graded sliding mode controller is designed with two sub-sliding surfaces which have invariability to external disturbances and parameter perturbations, and a matrix which comprises three first order low pass filters is introduced to prevent ＂explosion of terms＂. Owing to the upper bounds of the uncertainties are difficult to obtain in advance, adaptive laws are introduced to estimate the values of the uncertainties in real-time. Eventually, the numerical simulation results given to show the proposed controller can ensure the steady flight of missiles.