Numerical Simulation of Microstructure and Microsegregation in Ni-Cu Alloy under Isothermal Condition

Phase-field method can be used to describe the complicated morphologies of dendrite growth without explicitly tracking the complex phase boundaries. The influences of initial temperature and initial concentration on dendrite growth are investigated by using the phase-field model coupling concentration field equations. The calculated results indicate that the supersaturation, which is larger in lower initial temperature and lower concentration under isothermal condition, plays a very important role in microsegregation. It is found that the larger supersaturation causes higher degree microsegregation and faster dendrite growth, and the more serious side-branchs occur. The simulated results agree well with the solidification theory.     

Microstructure Evolution during Solidification of AZ91D Magnesium Alloy in Semisolid

The liquid quenching method was adopted to study the solidification morphology and microstructure of AZglD Mg alloy in semisolid. The results indicate that cooling rate has important effects upon the solidification structures. Under the cooling rate of liquid quenching, primary α-phase grows first by attaching on the original α grains, or independent nucleation and growth. The high cooling rate makes primary α-phase grow in ＂rags＂ or dendrite shape. Eutectic solidification is carried out in terms of both dissociated growth and symbiotic growth. The dissociated growth forms rough and large β-phase at grain boundaries, while symbiotic growth forms eutectic of laminar structure. The small liquid pool inside the original α-phase solidifies basically in the same way as that of intergranular liquid, but owing to less amount of liquid phase, the eutectic solidification is mainly carried out in the dissociated pattern.     

金属凝固微观组织数值模拟研究现状

通过对凝固微观组织的模拟,能很好地预测材料的性能,对实际应用具有重要意义。对微观组织模拟中的3个主要模型(确定性模型、随机性模型和相场模型)及它们的应用现状进行了阐述,并分析了它们的优缺点。随着计算机技术的发展,新的计算模型的出现将使金属凝固微观组织的数值模拟向着高精度、高效率和高速度的方向发展。     

凝固过程中枝晶组织形貌演变模拟进展

详细地介绍了近年来在凝固组织模拟上取得的进展,并介绍了在组织模拟中所选用的各种模拟方法,逐个分析了各种方法的优势与不足,进而提出凝固组织的发展方向,即朝着大规模、多尺度方向发展,使得组织模拟能够逐步与实际结合起来.     

Microsegregation in directionally solidified dendritic-cellular structure of superalloy CMSX-4

A directionally solidified sample of superalloy CMSX-4 was investigated to show the effect of crystal orientation on the segregation distribution. The solute distribution of alloying elements across a dendritic cell was measured. Due to the preferred crystal growth in <100> orientation the segregation profiles in this direction is much flatter than that in <110> orientation.     

Microsegregation and Improved Methods of Squeeze Casting 2024 Aluminium Alloy

The squeeze casting of a 2024 Al alloy was carried out to investigate the effect on microsegregation in the alloy of the application of pressure followed by diffusion annealing. The experimental results indicate that an optimum applied pressure followed by an optimum diffusion annealing process can markedly reduce the degree of microsegregation and improve the mechanical properties to a degree that can approach the level of forged 2024 Al alloy.     

高铝锌合金比重偏析凝固过程数值模拟

建立了固液两相流凝固模型 ,用PHOENICS软件在三维柱坐标系中建模 ,用有限差分法离散 ,模拟了高铝锌合金凝固时的比重偏析。计算结果与试验结果基本吻合 ,表明该凝固模型能较好地模拟比重偏析现象。     

Effect of Melt Superheating Treatment on Directional Solidification Interface Morphology of Multi-component Alloy

The influence of melt superheating treatment on the solid/liquid (S/L) interface morphology of directionally solidified Ni-based superalloy DZ125 is investigated to elucidate the relationship between melt characteristic and S/L interface stability. The results indicate that the interface morphology is not only related to the withdrawal velocity (R) but also to the melt superheating temperature (Ts) when the thermal gradient of solidification interface remains constant for different Ts with appropriate superheating treatment regulation. The interface morphology changes from cell to plane at R of 1.1 μm/s when Ts increases from 1500°C to 1650°C, and maintains plane with further elevated Ts of 1750°C. However, the interface morphology changes from coarse dendrite to cell and then to cellular dendrite at R of 2.25 μm/s when Ts increases from 1500°C to 1650°C and then to 1750°C. It is proved that the solidification onset temperature and the solidification interval undergo the nonlinear variation when Ts increases from 1500°C to 1680°C, and the turning point is 1650°C at which the solidification onset temperature and the solidification interval are all minimum. This indicates that the melt superheating treatment enhances the solidification interface stability and has important effect on the solidification characteristics.     

凝固过程微观组织模拟研究进展

综述了凝固过程微观组织模拟的研究现状,重点介绍了微观组织演变过程中晶粒形核、长大、相关的理论模型和常用的数值模拟方法,并对微观组织模拟的未来发展进行了评价和展望.     

Numerical Simulation of Solidification Microstructure and Effects of Phase-field Parameters on Grain Growth Morphologies

1. Introduction Due to the stunning development of the computer performance and numerical solution techniques, great progress has been made in numerical simulation of the solidification microstructure since the last three decades. Among a variety of numerical techniques used to simu- late microstructure, the phase-field method is considered to be a viable computational tool, by which realistic pat- terns of grain growth can be freely obtained. The ap- peal of the phase-field method can be expr…     

快速凝固锌铝合金微观形貌研究

利用单辊急冷法制备了一种锌铝合金，通过XRD分析表明，合金相组成主要为过饱和相α’和富锌相η，以及微量的介稳定相ε-CuZn4。ESEM及TEM观察结果发现，快速凝固所得合金晶粒为等轴晶，并且极其细化，甚至达到纳米级别，其中Si元素以特殊圆薄片状单质存在，较高含量的Si元素未出现偏析，均匀分散在基体中。     

铝镍钴定向凝固过程的模拟研究

采用有限元模拟分析方法,模拟铝镍钴磁钢定向凝固过程的瞬态温度场,分析了不同工艺条件下液固界面前沿的温度梯度和生长速度的变化规律.结果表明:随钢水温度的不同,液固界面前沿的温度梯度与生长速度之比在凝固初期呈跳跃性增长,然后其值在2000～6000℃*s*cm-2范围变化,在生长到5～6cm时,该值迅速下降且趋于重叠.模拟结果能为铝镍钴定向凝固工艺优化提供重要参考.     

Micro-segregation and Precipitation of Alloy 690 during Isothermal Solidification:the Role of Nitrogen Content

The segregation and precipitation behavior of Alloy 690 containing 0.001-0.11 wt% nitrogen during isothermal solidification at 1370 and 1355 ℃ have been investigated using optical microscopy (OM),electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).The results indicate that the volume fraction of TiN-type nitride formed during isothermal solidification increases with the nitrogen content of Alloy 690.Segregation of Ti and Cr exists in samples solidified at 1370 and 1355℃.The Ti content in the residual liquid markedly decreases and the concentration of Cr increases when the nitrogen content of Alloy 690 increases.Furthermore,N and S also show segregation to some extent in the residual liquids at 1355℃.Accompanying by the segregation of Cr,Ti,C,N and S,sulfides and chromium nitrides form.In a low nitrogen content Alloy 690,sulfur segregates and precipitates in the form of Ti 4 C 2 S 2 and (Cr,Ti)S,but in the form of (Cr,Ti)S or CrS in a high nitrogen content Alloy 690.(Cr,Ti)N-type nitrides with an fcc crystal structure have been identified in a sample with 0.11 wt% nitrogen.     

快速凝固条件下Ni–Pb偏晶合金的组织演变机理研究

目的 研究过冷Ni–0.5%Pb(原子数分数)合金过冷组织的演化行为,阐明其组织演化和晶粒细化的基本机制。方法 采用熔融玻璃净化和循环过热方法制备出过冷度为0~255 K的试样,并结合枝晶生长的动力学–热力学模型,研究其深过冷快速凝固行为机制。结果 在0~255 K过冷度范围内,随着过冷度的增大,Ni–Pb偏晶合金的微观组织发生了2类晶粒细化现象,组织形态由粗大树枝晶向粒状等轴晶转变。结论 第1类粒状晶的形成是由于枝晶熟化和再辉重熔导致发达枝晶破碎,第2类粒状晶的形成是由于在应力和应变能的作用下,枝晶碎变和再结晶引起了晶粒细化。     

温度梯度对Ti-45Al合金定向凝固组织演化影响的数值模拟

采用基于溶质扩散控制模型结合CA方法对Ti-45Al合金定向凝固过程中温度梯度对显微组织演化影响进行了数值模拟.模拟结果表明,随着温度梯度增加,凝固形态经历了树枝晶→胞/枝混合结构→粗胞晶→细胞晶→超细胞晶的转变,而一次胞/枝晶臂间距随着凝固组织变化不断减小.此外,温度梯度很高时,固液界面处溶质富集程度很小,界面处出现溶质截流.     

镁合金挤压铸造凝固过程数值模拟

利用有限元法对镁合金挤压铸造凝固过程进行数值模拟,分析了铸件的凝固收缩和凝固时间,预测铸件可能发生缺陷的位置,对比挤压压力对铸件缺陷的影响。 结果发现,与重力铸造相比,挤压铸造的凝固收缩小,铸件在挤压铸造的压力作用下可缩短凝固时间;缺陷模拟结果与实验相符,加大挤压铸造压力有助于减少缺陷的产生。     

Study on Numerical Simulation of Mold Filling and Solidification Processes under Pressure Conditions

The mold filling and solidification simulation for the high pressure die casting (HPDC) and low pressure die casting (LPDC) processes were studied.A mathematical model considering the turbulent flow and heat transfer phenomenon during the HPDC process has been established and paralled computation technique was used for the mold filling simulation of the process.The laminar flow characteristics of the LPDC process were studied and a simplified model for the mold filling process of wheel castings has been developed.For the solidification simulation under pressure conditions,the cyclic characteristics and the complicated boundary conditions were considered and techniques to improve the computational efficiency are discussed.A new criterion for predicting shrinkage porosity of Al alloy under low pressure condition has been developed in the solidification simulation process.     

Solidification Simulation of Single Crystal Investment Castings

The three dimensional solidification simulation of the single crystal investment castings at withdrawal rates of 2 mm/min ,4.5 mm/min and 7 mm/min was performed with the finite element thermal analysis method.The calculated result were in accordance with the experimental ones.The results showed that with the increase of with-drawal rate the concave curvature of the liquidus isotherm was bigger and bigger and the temperature gradient of the castings decreased.No effects of withdrawal rate on the distribution of the temperature gradient of the starter and helical grain selector of the castings were observed at withdrawal rates of 2 mm/min ,4.5 mm/min and 7 mm/min.The relatively high temperature gradient between 500℃/cm and 100℃/cm in the starter and helical grain selector was obtained at three withdrawal rates.The study indicates the three dimensional solidification simulation by finite element method is a powerful tool for understanding solidification and predicting defects in single crystal investment castings.     

铸造合金的微观组织模拟研究进展

凝固过程的数值模拟正在由宏观向微观转变。微观模拟不仅可以得到材料的凝固组织，而且还能为宏观模拟提供准确的潜热释放信息。针对目前微观组织模拟的研究现状，分析了几种主要的模拟研究方法，如确定性模拟方法、随机性模拟方法和相场方法等，阐述了其主要特征和模拟微观组织时存在的优缺点。最后对微观模拟中现存的问题及发展方向作了分析。     

强磁场下Cu-50%Ag合金定向凝固过程中的组织及固液界面形貌演变

目的 研究强磁场下Cu-50%(质量分数)Ag合金定向凝固过程中的组织演变、固液界面形貌变化及溶质迁移行为,分析强磁场对金属凝固过程的作用机制,为强磁场下的金属材料制备提供理论借鉴和指导。方法 在不同的凝固速率与磁场条件下进行定向凝固和淬火实验,对合金的定向凝固组织、糊状区与固液界面形貌以及溶质分布行为进行考察。结果 强磁场破坏了凝固组织的定向生长,使凝固组织转变为枝晶与等轴晶共存的形貌;强磁场诱发了熔体对流,减少了糊状区中溶质的含量;强磁场改变了固液界面处的溶质分布和固液界面形貌,破坏了固液界面的稳定性。结论 强磁场通过洛伦兹力和热电磁力的共同作用,诱发了糊状区内液相的纵向环流,改变了固液界面及糊状区中的组织形貌与元素分布。