Object Technologies of Designing Corporate Information Systems of Mass Medical Service

The paper deals with the fundamental issues of designing corporate mass medical service systems. Basic principles of design of infological models of object domains and potentialities of object technologies for structural analysis and logic design of distributed applications are considered.     

多媒体对象的Agent展示集成模型*

根据多媒体对象的面向对象特点,给出了一种基于“事件-条件-动作”的Agent展示集成模型.该模型集对象的内容、时序、空间关系于一体,通过消息传递与对象展示状态事件控制对象展示集成的行为,保证了对象的封装性,并对用户的交互提供有力的支持,是一种动态集成模型.“事件-条件-动作”机制是主动数据库中广泛采用的方法,已有成熟的技术支持.通过对Allen所定义的时序关系的表示,说明了模型的表达能力,并通过实例加以验证.指出了展示集成模型在多媒体数据库中的作用.     

管理信息系统的面向对象模型设计

本文论述管理信息系统的面向对象式模型设计方法，把设计过程归结构为面向对象分割、面向对象抽象、构造模块和构成系统模型几大步骤。其中，尤其对为了建设理想性能要求的信息系统而如何分析数据，构造模块，作了深入细致的论述。     

一种基于构件管理模型的域框架设计

通过使用构件管理模型来重新设计基于WEB的协作系统框架.构件管理模型通过关键字、内容和配置信息获得构件与高级开发知识间的连接信息.构件管理模型可以通过每个构件的关键字和内容信息来表示构件之间的连接关系,它也支持特定应用子系统的设计知识.引入构件管理模型来实现更为容易的框架构件管理以及框架自身更为方便的使用.     

用UML模拟对象模型

从分析传统开发方法的不适应性，提出克服传统方法缺点的新途径。UML是一种通用的标准的统一建模语言，支持从需求分析开始的软件开发全过程，UML中的图形标记，尤其适用于描述面向对象的软件设计。用面向对象方法开发软件，在任何情况下，对象模型始终都是最重要、最基本、最核心的。文中给出了一种用UML来模拟对象模型的有效方法，通过可视化建模，使软件设计工具发挥更大的效用，更好地提高模型的重用性。     

The Functional Data Model as the Basis for an Enriched Database Query Language

Conventional database languages rely on the user specifying what relations are to be used when evaluating a query. Consequently they preclude queries which involve searching for unspecified connections or associations in the database. In this paper we present Hydra, a functional language with all the facilities to define, update and query a database, which also enables users to carry out associational queries. Hydra uses a graph-based data model in which nodes represent values or entities and arcs the relationships between them. Associational facilities are made possible by the provision of built-in functions which find paths through the database graph. The mappings between sets of nodes in the database graph are represented as functions at the Hydra language level and it is as lists of such functions that associational results are returned. The use of a functional language is important since such languages allow functions to be returned as results; such an approach could not be adopted in a logic-based language which would not permit predicates to be returned as answers. Hydra also allows users to define general computational functions which are not considered to form part of the database. This use of two sets of functions achieves a computationally complete system which extends the query power of previous database systems without compromising their expressive or query power.     

市级出租车管理信息系统的面向对象设计与实现

本文综合比较和分析了信息系统工程的三种开发方法:结构化方法、原型化方法和面向对象方法,并结合武汉市出租车管理信息系统的面向对象设计,介绍了基于面向对象方法的对象建模技术。     

复杂对象版本的数学模型

复合组合对象的版本管理机制是工程数据库系统的重要组成部分。本文以支持工程设计方案的修改，选择及配置为主要目的，对ＣＯＨＯＲ复杂对象进行了版本扩展，提出了复杂对象版本的数学模型，并从语义角度讨论了ＤＡＴＦＥＡ版本管理系统的版本模型和基本操作等问题。     

浅谈信息技术教学与传统模式教学

本文通过对传统教学模式与信息技术教学的比较,明确这两种教学模式的各自特点、优势及其缺点、不足,显露出今后的发展方向,以促进信息技术教学模式的健康发展。     

Web网络模型演化下的信息技术

Web模型每一代发展都经历了短短不到十年。当前逐步形成的Web 4.0网络模型,着重于网络的移动性和信息时间的动态性。本文按照关键技术的出现顺序,回顾并总结各阶段不同的网络模型及其特点,并对下一代网络模型中信息处理技术提出了分析和展望。     

基于语义对象模型数据库设计技术的研究与实现

该文以设计民航空管信息处理系统(CAATIS)的数据库这一典型的例子为基础,讨论了采用语义对象模型建立数据模型的步骤,以及如何将语义对象模型转换到关系数据库的设计。     

面向对象方法在信息系统开发中的应用

首先论述了运用面向对象的方法，接着论述了用此方法分析设计医院收费信息管理系统的过程。实践证明运用面向对象的分析和设计方法开发信息系统，一方面可以提高开发效率，使软件开发人员在开发过程的不同阶段无须转换概念和表示符号；另一方面，可以大大提高软件重用。     

部件级表观模型的目标跟踪方法

因受遮挡、运动模糊、剧烈形变等因素的影响,稳定且准确的目标跟踪是当前计算机视觉研究领域重要挑战之一.首先采用中层视觉线索的超像素描述目标/背景的部件,以部件颜色直方图作为其特征,并通过聚类部件库的特征集构建初始表观模型,部件表达的局部性和灵活性使该模型能够准确描述目标/背景;然后,利用贝叶斯滤波模型计算目标框的初始状态,并提出相似物体干扰的检测和处理算法以避免跟踪漂移,得到更健壮的结果;最后,为了减弱形变、遮挡、模糊对表观模型的影响以更好地保持目标特征,提出一种基于部件库的特征补集的在线表观模型更新算法,根据部件变化实时反映目标/背景的变化情况.在多个具有跟踪挑战的视频序列上的实验结果表明(共12个视频序列):与现有跟踪方法相比,该算法跟踪结果的中心误差更小,成功帧数更多,能够更准确并稳定、有效地跟踪目标物体.     

Problem-Driven Approach to the Design of Information Technology Systems Supporting Complex Cognitive Tasks

The present paper proposes a methodological framework for the design and evaluation of information technology systems supporting complex cognitive tasks. The aim of the methodological framework is to permit the design of systems which: (1) address the cognitive difficulties met by potential users in performing complex problem-solving tasks; (2) improve their potential users’ problem-solving performance; and (3) achieve compatibility with potential users’ competences and working environment. After a short review of the weaknesses of existing systems supposed to support complex cognitive tasks, the theoretical foundations of the proposed methodology are presented. These are the ergonomic work analysis of French ergonomists, cognitive engineering, cognitive anthropology–ethnomethodology and activity theory. The third section of the paper describes the generic ergonomic model, which constitutes a frame of reference useful for the analyst of the work situation to which the information technology system is addressed. In the fourth section, the proposed methodology is outlined, and in the fifth a case study demonstrating an application of the methodology is summarised. In the epilogue, the differences between the proposed methodological framework and other more conventional approaches are discussed. Finally, directions for future developments of the problem-driven approach are proposed.     

改进的JDL信息融合系统功能模型研究

本文在对传统JDL功能模型分析的基础上指出,随着信息融合技术的不断发展以及协同开发、资源管理等新概念、新方法的出现,原有JDL功能模型需要进行改进。本文对改进的JDL功能模型进行了研究,在分析其影响因素的基础上提出新的层次划分,从而有助于人们对信息融合系统的理解和开发。     

A Variational Model for Object Segmentation Using Boundary Information and Shape Prior Driven by the Mumford-Shah Functional

In this paper, we propose a new variational model to segment an object belonging to a given shape space using the active contour method, a geometric shape prior and the Mumford-Shah functional. The core of our model is an energy functional composed by three complementary terms. The first one is based on a shape model which constrains the active contour to get a shape of interest. The second term detects object boundaries from image gradients. And the third term drives globally the shape prior and the active contour towards a homogeneous intensity region. The segmentation of the object of interest is given by the minimum of our energy functional. This minimum is computed with the calculus of variations and the gradient descent method that provide a system of evolution equations solved with the well-known level set method. We also prove the existence of this minimum in the space of functions with bounded variation. Applications of the proposed model are presented on synthetic and medical images.     

Identification of States of Complex Systems with Estimation of Admissible Measurement Errors on the Basis of Fuzzy Information

The problem of identification of states of complex systems on the basis of fuzzy values of informative attributes is considered. Some estimates of a maximally admissible degree of measurement error are obtained that make it possible, using the apparatus of fuzzy set theory, to correctly identify the current state of a system.     

Object Calculus and the Object-Oriented Analysis and Design of an Error-Sensitive GIS

The use of object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD) in GIS research, development and application is now well established. However, the tendency towards informality in OOAD techniques means many of the potential benefits of object-orientation (OO) are being discounted. Recent advances in the formal representation of OO systems may help realize these benefits with respect to some of the key contemporary issues in GIS. This paper examines the application of one particular OO formalism, the (sigma) calculus of Abadi and Cardelli, to a long-standing unresolved research problem in GIS: the development of an error-sensitive GIS. The work indicates that significant enhancements in the exploration, verification and understanding of OO systems can be achieved through the use of -calculus in support of conventional OOAD techniques.     

建立液压系统信息模型的研究

所设计的液压系统信息模型将液压系统分作系统、元件和油口3个层次，以多层链表的方式将其连接起来，能简单地与液压系统一一对应。而使用液压系统信息模型的整个仿真系统也分为3层，以信息模型为核心，向上层映射为数学模型，向下层映射到数据库。研究结果表明：所采用的体系结构弹性足，构造灵活，不但能满足液压仿真的需要，而且对系统的扩展性、对多方应用间信息集成都有着良好的支持。