AI2O3-SiO2:Tb3+发光材料的溶胶--凝胶合成及发光特性

采用溶胶－凝胶（sol-gel)法低温合成了Al2O3-SiO2:Tb^3 绿色发光材料，研究了Al2O3和SiO2配比，Tb^3 浓,烧结温度，烧结时间对光强度的影响，讨论了发光体的发光特性。     

Y2O3掺杂CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃的研究

在CaO-Al2O3-SiO2(CAS)系统微晶玻璃中引入稀土氧化物Y2O3,结合XRD、SEM等测试手段,研究了Y2O3的引入对微晶玻璃烧结过程、微观结构以及性能的影响。实验结果表明:随着Y2O3的引入,微晶玻璃烧结温度降低,烧结时间变短。当Y2O3质量分数为3.25%时,CAS微晶玻璃具有最佳的制备工艺和最好的力学性能。     

稀土La2O3对Li2O-A12O3-SiO2微晶玻璃结构和性能的影响

本主要研究添加微量稀土La2O3对Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2微晶玻璃晶相组成，显微结构，抗折强度的影响，研究结果表明：添加微量La2O3有利于Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2微晶玻璃中的主晶相β－锂辉石发育成完整的柱状，板状晶体，提高了微晶玻璃的抗折强度。     

R2O-RO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2系统在骨质瓷中的应用

实验采用正交实验法和对比实验，通过对R2O-RO-AlO3-B2O3-SiO2系统的成釉机理分析及熔融特性、熔体的粘度和表面张力等性能的测试，探讨了该系统在骨质瓷中的应用。     

Al2O3对P2O5-B2O3-Bi2O3体系低熔点玻璃结构和性能的影响

以P2O5-B2O3-Bi2O3系统为基础玻璃组成,采用熔融法制备了无铅低熔点玻璃.主要研究了Al2O3含量对玻璃结构和物理化学性能的影响.结果 表明,随着Al2O3含量从1 mol％增加至5 mol％,Al2O3在玻璃中的存在形式从[AlO4]四面体转变为[AlO6]八面体,从参与网络形成到破坏网络结构;玻璃的热膨胀...     

Al2TiO5-SiO2-Al2O3复合材料的研究

以Al2TiO5微细粉、SiO2-Al2O3微细粉为原料,外加6%(质量分数,下同)PVA结合剂,100 MPa压力成型,1400 ℃保温1 h烧成,制备出低热膨胀系数,抗热震性能优于SiO2-Al2O3材料的Al2TiO5-SiO2-Al2O3复合材料.对复合材料的性能测定分析,研究不同的Al2TiO5含量、烧结温度等对Al2TiO5-SiO2-Al2O3复合材料性能的影响,获得了制备性能优良的Al2TiO5-SiO2-Al2O3复合材料的最佳工艺参数.     

R2O—RO—Al2O3—B2O3—SiO2系统快烧自生乳浊釉的化学组成与分相行为

本研究选择具有大范围实用分相区、适合快速烧成的R2O（K2O,Na2O)-RO(CaO,MgO,ZnO)-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2系统,研究了该多元系统全熔块乳浊释组成与结构间的相互关系,通过优化组成设计及物理化学过程的控制,使釉熔体在快速烧成过程中自发产生分相,形成微米-亚微米级液-液不混溶结构,从而产生良好的乳浊效果。本文对各氧化物对分相过程的影响进行了讨论。     

P2O5对Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2系统玻璃结构和分相的影响

通过制备25Na2O-(25-x)Al2O3-50SiO2-xP2O5(x≤25mol％)系统玻璃,并且采用Raman和SEM,研究了高含量P2 O5对Na2 O-Al2 O3-SiO2系统玻璃结构和分相的影响.结果表明:随着P2 O5的不断加入,作为电价平衡体的Na+被逐渐释放,并且充当了网络改变体的角色,造成了硅酸盐网络结构聚合度降低,而磷酸盐网络结构聚合度增大.随着P2 O5的不断加入且Al/P<1时,该系统玻璃发生稳定分相,而且分相机理也由成核-生长转变为亚稳分解.     

Y2O3对高分子网络凝胶法制备Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃性能的影响

以丙烯酰胺、N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、碳酸锂、硝酸铝和正硅酸乙酯为原料,采用高分子网络凝胶法成功地制备出多组分氧化物Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2(LAS)微晶玻璃超微粉末,并掺杂了稀土氧化物Y2O3.将粉体压制烧结得到微晶玻璃块体.用IR,XRD,SEM等测试手段研究了掺杂对微晶玻璃组织与性能的影响,测定了微晶玻璃的热膨胀系数.实验表明:Y2O3使微晶玻璃的相变温度降低到900℃;掺杂后微晶玻璃的粒径减小;高分子网络凝胶法制备的Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2(LAS)微晶玻璃热膨胀系数达到10-7数量级,掺Y2O3使Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2(LAS)微晶玻璃的热膨胀系数提高.     

CaO-B2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃的低温烧结机理

研究了CaO-B2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃的烧结过程、析晶机制、微观结构以及介电性能等。该材料能够在850℃的低温烧结，烧结体具有良好的介电性能（er=4.975,tgδ≤0.001,1GHz)。微观结构主要为75％－80％体积百分比的晶相（晶粒尺寸为50－100nm)，少量的残余玻璃相和气孔；主要晶相为CB（CaO.B2O3),C6S4(6CaO.4SiO2)和CS（CaO.SiO2)。该材料适用于高频电子元器件等领域。     

钕-铝系稀土色料的研制

通过钕-铝系列色料合成实验,分析不同配比及不同矿化剂等对色料呈色效果的影响,确定最佳工艺方法。对实验结果进行XRD及色度分析,确定其主晶相为钕酸铝,试样的明度均在70以上,色彩鲜艳亮丽。     

Na2O-Al2O3-Fe2O3系烧结过程中铝、铁的反应行为

以Al2O3, Fe2O3和Na2CO3为原料,对Na2O-Al2O3-Fe2O3系烧结过程中的反应行为进行了详细研究. 基于溶出率与时间、温度的关系,证明Na2O×Al2O3和Na2O×Fe2O3的生成反应动力学都服从Zhuralev-Lesokin-Tempelman模型,表观活化能分别为186.59和80.92 kJ/mol,表明Na2O×Fe2O3比Na2O×Al2O3在动力学上更易形成;Al2O3易与Na2O×Fe2O3反应形成Na2O×Al2O3和Fe2O3,在1273 K烧结30 min,所得熟料Al2O3溶出率达98.51%;Fe2O3对Na2O×Al2O3的形成有双重作用,在1273 K下可加速Na2O×Al2O3的形成,超过1323 K,促使Na2O×Al2O3分解成Na2O和b-Al2O3,且随着温度升高或时间延长,分解程度增高,从而导致熟料中Al2O3溶出率显著降低.     

Polycrystalline In2O3 and In2O3/Y2O3 photoanodes

Single crystal In₂O₃ shows promise as a photoanode for the decomposition of water. Because of various difficulties in the preparation of the single crystal material, two simple techniques were developed for the preparation of polycrystalline In₂O₃ anodes. One method involves the thermal decomposition of the nitrate while the other utilizes the chemical vapour deposition technique. Voltammograms and photoresponse spectra of these anodes are compared to the single crystal material. Among other observations, it is noted that the quantum efficiencies of the thermally decomposed films are comparable to the single crystal material. It is also shown that the on-set potential can be shifted to more negative values by forming the mixed oxide In₂O₃/Y₂O₃.     

Phase equilibrium in binary La2O3-Dy2O3 and ternary CeO2-La2O3-Dy2O3 systems

Cerium oxide doped with oxides of rare earth elements is a multifunctional material, a wide range of uses which is associated with its unique physicochemical properties. Phase diagrams of multicomponent systems are the physicochemical basis for the creation of new materials with improved characteristics.In this work, phase equilibria in ternary CeO₂–La₂O₃–Dy₂O₃ and binary La₂O₃–Dy₂O₃ systems in the whole concentration range were studied. No new phases have been identified in these systems. An isothermal section of the phase diagram of the CeO₂–La₂O₃–Dy₂O₃ system at a temperature of 1500 °С is constructed. No new phases have been detected in the system. It was found that in the studied ternary system solid solutions are formed on the basis of (F) modification of CeO₂ with structure of fluorite type, monoclinic (B), cubic (C) and hexagonal (A) modifications of Ln₂O₃.In the La₂O₃–Dy₂O₃ binary system (1500–1100 °С) three types of solid solutions are formed: based on hexagonal modification A-La₂O₃, monoclinic modification B-Dy₂O₃ and cubic modification C-Dy₂O₃ separated by two-phase fields (A+B) and (B+C), respectively. The boundaries of the regions of homogeneity of solid solutions based on A-La₂O₃ are determined by compositions containing 35–40, 20–25, 15–20 mol% Dy₂O₃ at 1500, 1250, 1100 °C, respectively. From the obtained data it follows that the solubility of Dy₂O₃ in the hexagonal modification of lanthanum oxide is 39 mol% at 1500 °C, 23 mol. % at 1250 °C and 16 mol% at 1100 °C. The limits of existence of solid solutions based on monoclinic B-modification are determined by compositions containing 30–35, 65–60 (1250 °С), 35–40, 55–60 (1100 °С) 40–45, 70–75 (1500 °C) mol% Dy₂O₃.In the studied system, with a decrease in temperature from 1500° to 1100°C, there is a decrease in the solubility of La₂O₃ in the crystal lattice of cubic solid solutions of C-type from 16 to 10 mol%.     

Fe2O3-MnO-Cr2O3-La2O3系统紫色颜料的制备及表征

采用溶胶均匀共沉淀法于低温下合成了含少量稀土氧化物La2O3的紫色颜料，并采用颜色测定、SEM、XRD等手段对颜料的颜色、检度及结晶构造等进行了表征。     

Separation of Phases by Spinodal Decomposition in the Systems Al2O3−Cr2O3 and Al2O3−Cr2O3−Fe2O3

Separation of phases was investigated in the hexagonal (rhombohedral) systems Al₂O₃−Cr₂O₃ and Al₂O₃−Cr₂O₃−Fe₂O₃. The binary system shows a miscibility gap with a T_c of 950°C; the miscibility gap for the ternary system was determined for a constant Cr₂O₃ content of 16.6 mol%. Dark field transmission electron microscopy of solid solutions annealed within the miscibility gap showed dark and light lamellas ∼50 to 200 Å thick. X-ray diffraction results for the solid solutions in the ternary system indicated that, in the early stages of annealing, broadening occurred only on (hkl) reflections where l≠0. There was no major change in the X-ray diffraction patterns of the annealed solid solutions in the binary system. Electron diffraction results indicated, however, that phase separation in both systems proceeded in the [001] direction. Solid solutions in the binary system separated very slowly; the separation could be enhanced hydrothermally. The mechanism of the separation of phases in both systems is spinodal and proceeds as follows: solid solution→intermediate modulated phase→equilibrium phases.     

Bactericidal Effectiveness of O3, O3/H2O2 and O3/TiO2 on Clostridium perfringens

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the bactericidal capacity of different Advanced Oxidation Treatments (AOTs) based on ozone: ozone, ozone/hydrogen peroxide and ozone/titanium dioxide on a wild strain of Clostridium perfringens, a fecal bacterial indicator in drinking water. The dose of ozone consumed ranges from 0.6 mg L^?1 min^?1 to 5.13 mg L^?1 min^?1 depending on the process and on the sample. In the treatments combined with O₃, H₂O₂ dose utilized is 0.04 mM and TiO₂ dose, 1 g L^?1. In order to evaluate the influence of natural organic matter and suspension solids over the disinfection rate, treatments are performed with two types of water – natural water from Ebro River (Zaragoza, Spain) and NaCl solution 0.9%. To achieve 4 log units of inactivation, 3.6 mg O₃ L^?1 is necessary in O₃ treatment, 4.25 mg O₃ L^?1 in O₃/TiO₂ system and 2.7 mg O₃ L^?1 in O₃/H₂O₂ after processing the natural water. In NaCl solution, to get the same inactivation, 0.42 mg O₃ L^?1 is necessary in O₃ treatment, 1.15 mg O₃ L^?1 in O₃/TiO₂ system and 0.06 mg O₃ L^?1 in O₃/H₂O₂ process. Even though the three treatments studied have a high bactericidal activity due to the number of surviving bacteria decreases to non-detectable levels, O₃/H₂O₂ is the most effective system for eliminating C. perfringens cells in a lower contact time, followed by O₃ and finally O₃/TiO₂ system.     

Properties of RO-Y2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 glasses

The coefficient of linear expansion, glass-transition temperature, temperature at the orset of deformation (strain point), density. Young modulus, microhardness, crystallizability, and contact angle are studied as a function of the composition in RO–Y₂O₃–Al₂O₃–SiO₂ (R=Ca and/or Mg) glass systems. The composition ranges for glasses (with strain point >900°C and coefficient of linear expansion of (32–45)×10^–7°C^–1) that can be used for soldering silicon-nitride ceramics were established.Translated from Steklo i Keramika, No. 12, pp. 5–7, December, 1996     

Cr_2O_3-Al_2O_3砖中不同组成Cr_2O_3-Al_2O_3电熔颗粒料的抗侵蚀研究

首先以不同比例的铬绿和氧化铝粉电熔制得Cr2O3质量分数分别为15%、40%、50%、60%、85%、99%的6种Cr2O3-Al2O3电熔颗粒料(其编号依次为CR15、CR40、CR50、CR60、CR85和CR99),然后采用回转渣蚀法研究了此电熔颗粒料(4~1 mm)的抗侵蚀性。结果显示:电熔颗粒料的抗侵蚀性随Cr2O3含量的增加及颗粒尺寸的增大而增强;高Cr2O3含量的CR99、CR85颗粒料在渣面层被侵蚀,主要是渣中的FeO和Al2O3对颗粒料的侵蚀,FeO与骨料中的Cr2O3反应,首先形成(Fe,Cr)3O4尖晶石,再与其他物相反应形成了复合尖晶石,当FeO耗尽后,渗入到颗粒内的Al2O3开始和Cr2O3反应,在颗粒表面形成铝铬固溶体;CR60颗粒料在渣面层和渗透层都存在侵蚀,渗透层的侵蚀主要是CaO、SiO2对颗粒料中铝铬固溶体中Al2O3的熔蚀,形成钙长石、钙黄长石以及玻璃相;Cr2O3含量较低的CR50、CR40、CR15颗粒料在渗透层内的侵蚀机制和CR60颗粒料的相同。