PMD-Supported Coherent Optical OFDM Systems

Although polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) greatly impairs conventional high-speed single-carrier systems, it is shown that for multicarrier systems such as coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division-multiplexed systems (CO-OFDM), not only does PMD not cause any impairment, but it also provides a benefit of polarization diversity against polarization-dependent-loss-induced fading and consequently improves the system margin. The PMD benefit to fiber nonlinearity reduction in CO-OFDM systems is also predicted     

Practical XPM Compensation Method for Coherent Optical OFDM Systems

We show that cross-phase modulation in coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) is mitigated with a simple intensity-dependent phase-modulation before the wavelength demultiplexer. A single low-bandwidth photodiode is used to estimate the optical power of all wavelength-division-multiplexing channels entering the receiver, and this determines a phase modulation applied to all channels. This method works well in conjunction with self-phase-modulation pre/postcompensation, allowing significant improvements in the performance of OFDM systems over optically dispersion-managed links. Using simulations, we show a 4-dB signal quality improvement in a 2375-km 60-Gb/s CO-OFDM system in the nonlinear limit.      

SuperReceiver Design for Superchannel Coherent Optical Systems

In this paper, we propose a novel super-receiver architecture for Nyquist-wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) superchannel optical coherent systems. As opposed to a conventional coherent receiver, where each subchannel is demodulated independently, the proposed super-receiver jointly detects and demodulates multiple subchannels simultaneously. By taking advantage of information from side channels that use joint DSP to cancel interchannel interference (ICI), the proposed super-receiver performs much better than a conventional receiver. This architecture also has the potential to compensate for cross-channel impairments caused by linear and nonlinear effects. We examine the proposed architecture through experiment and simulation. OSNR is improved by more than 5 dB after 1280 km fiber transmission with narrow channel spacing.     

相干光正交频分复用系统中光调制的优化设计

相干光正交频分复用(COOFDM)是目前光传输领域的研究热点之一。COOFDM系统采用马赫-曾德尔光调制器(MZM)实现射频(RF)信号到光的转换,而正交频分复用(OFDM)信号对非线性十分敏感,所以在系统设计上最关键的就是实现信号的线性传输。从理论上分析了COOFDM系统中MZM对OFDM信号的非线性影响,通过对MZM偏置点及调制指数优化,实现COOFDM系统的最佳传输,同时对COOFDM系统品质因子Q与偏置点及调制指数关系进行了仿真。结果表明,为了实现最佳线性传输,不同于传统的基于强度调制/直接检测系统(偏置点选在积分点),COOFDM系统中MZM最佳偏置点选在零点;MZM调制指数的选择也会对系统性能产生影响,当COOFDM系统中MZM调制指数为0 dB时,系统性能达到最佳。     

Phase Estimation for Coherent Optical OFDM

Phase estimation is one of the enabling functionalities in coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division-multiplexing (CO-OFDM) receivers. In this letter, we compare pilot-aided and data-aided phase estimation methods for a CO-OFDM transmission experiment at 8 Gb/s over 1000-km standard single-mode fiber without optical dispersion compensation. We also show that as few as five subcarriers are sufficient for pilot-aided phase estimation     

相干光OFDM系统中一种新颖时域容积卡尔曼相位噪声补偿算法

针对激光器产生的相位噪声会严重影响相干光正交频分复用(CO-OFDM)系统的性能问题,提出了一种新颖容积卡尔曼滤波(CKF)相位噪声补偿算法。该算法利用导频信息,先通过扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)和线性插值算法补偿公共相位误差(CPE)噪声,然后对相位噪声粗补偿后的信号进行预判决,在时域对预判决后的信号进行次符号处理的CKF实现对载波间干扰(ICI)相位噪声的精细补偿。对补偿后的信号进行二次迭代,从而提高补偿效果。分析和仿真表明:提出的新颖CKF算法能有效补偿相位噪声对信号的影响,在相位噪声线宽较大时能有效增强对ICI相位噪声的补偿效果,改善CO-OFDM系统对激光器线宽的容忍度,有效提高系统的性能。     

Bit and Power Loading for Coherent Optical OFDM

We show the first experiment of bit and power loading for coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division-multiplexing (CO-OFDM) systems. The data rate of CO-OFDM systems can be dynamically adjusted according to the channel condition. The system performance can be further improved through optimal power loading into each modulation band.     

相干光OFDM在高速光传输中的应用

相干光正交频分复用系统(CO-OFDM,Coherent Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)可有效抑制光纤色度色散和偏振模色散,有望成为解决未来高速光传输的主流方案。这里结合光传输理论及正交频分复用系统(OFDM,Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex)技术原理,对CO-OFDM系统方案实现及信道等效模型进行了分析,通过数字仿真验证系统光调制器偏置点选择及信号均衡算法。理论分析和仿真结果表明,CO-OFDM系统采用单抽头频域均衡,可有效抑制光纤色散效应。光调制器偏置点选择在零点,可实现系统对OFDM信号的最佳线性调制,与传统强度调制/直接检测(IM/DD)系统比较,CO-OFDM系统品质因子有10 dB提高。     

全光纤相干激光雷达本振光功率优化

研制了全光纤光路相干探测系统,该系统采用带尾纤的PIN光电二极管作为探测器,单模光纤干涉仪作为光学混频器.介绍了中频信号特点,结合光电二极管物理模型,给出了本振光功率对相干探测信噪比的影响和本振光功率的优化方法.实验结果表明:该优化方法可以给出相干探测系统合适的工作点.     

PTS-TR方法降低CO-OFDM系统的PAPR

在相干光正交频分复用(CO-OFDM)系统中,较高的峰均功率比会使信号产生严重的畸变,导致系统误码率性能的严重下降,为了抑制CO-OFDM系统的PAPR提出了一种PTS-TR方法。仿真结果表明,该方法与传统TR方法和PTS方法相比,具有很高的稳定性和更小的运算复杂度,对PAPR的抑制性能较好,更适用于CO-OFDM系统。     

Linearized Ring-Assisted Electrooptical Modulator for Coherent Optical OFDM Links

We present a design for a ring-assisted optical amplitude modulator based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer with microring resonators coupled to each arm and characterized by improved linearity and dynamic range. We analyze the performance of the proposed device in a coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division-multiplexing system and show that it reduces the bit-error rate compared to conventional modulators.     

Maximum-Likelihood Phase and Channel Estimation for Coherent Optical OFDM

We present a channel model for a coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division-multiplexed (CO-OFDM) system including linear fiber dispersion effects and noises from optical amplifiers and intercarrier interference induced by laser phase noise. Based upon this model, we derive maximum-likelihood (ML) phase estimation and channel estimation for the CO-OFDM system. Both computer simulation and transmission experiment of the CO-OFDM system show that the ML decision-feedback following pilot-assisted phase estimation gives the optimal performance.     

The Nonlinear Impairments Due to the Data Correlation Among Sub-Carriers in Coherent Optical OFDM Systems

Resulted from the narrow frequency interval, the nonlinear impairments are strongly related with the data correlation of the optical orthogonal frequency division (OFDM) symbol in coherent optical OFDM (CO-OFDM) system, which is very different from the traditional WDM optical communication systems. The concept of normalized accumulative correlation coefficient (NACC) is proposed to evaluate the data correlation of the OFDM symbol. The parameter phi is presented to describe the influence of the systematic physical configuration on the nonlinear impairments. The dependence of the nonlinear impairments on the data correlation is investigated and revealed analytically. Closed form expressions are presented to calculate the noise spectrum, total nonlinear noise energy and noise signal ratio (NSR) under the condition that phi les 0.2, which is valid for most practical CO-OFDM system. The NSR is proportional to the NACC and phi². Simulation results are well consistent with analytical calculations when phi les 0.2.     

基于导频的光OFDM系统信道估计

为了克服光纤色散和模式的传输时延导致ICI设计了一种基于导频的信道估计器．并分析了LS和LMMSE算法估计原理,通过仿真实验比较了两种算法的误比特率和均方误差性能．实验结果表明LS与LMMSE在光OFDM系统中都有较好的作用但LMMSE算法性能要优于LS算法。     

基于导频的光OFDM系统信道估计

信道估计是光正交频分复用（OOFDM）系统关键技术之一,为了克服光纤色散和模式的传输时延所产生的载波间干扰（ICI）,设计了一种基于导频的信道估计器,通过分析最小二乘（LS）和线性最小均方误差（LMMSE）算法估计原理,仿真实验比较两种算法的误比特率和均方误差性能,实验结果表明,LS与LMMSE在OOFDM系统中都有较好的作用,但LMMSE算法性能要优于LS算法。     

一种降低相干光OFDM系统非线性效应的方法

相干光正交频分复用(Coherent optical-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,简称CO-OFDM)可有效降低光纤色散和偏振模色散对系统的影响,是近年来光传输领域研究热点之一.但由于OFDM高的峰均值功率比(PAPR)和较窄的载波间隔(几十兆赫兹),CO-OF...     

Transmission of Wavelength-Division-Multiplexed Channels With Coherent Optical OFDM

Transmission performance for wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) systems with coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing is simulated including the fiber nonlinearity effect. The simulation shows that the system Q of the WDM channels at 10 Gb/s is over 13.0 dB for a transmission up to 4800 km of standard single-mode fiber without dispersion compensation     

相干光OFDM系统中直接判决均衡器的性能研究

理论上分析了相干光正交频分复用(CO-OFDM)系统中相位噪声(PN)和色度色散(CD)对星座图的影响,并详细探讨了CO-OFDM系统中基于导频的直接判决均衡器(DDE)的原理,还对其性能进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明:在不同的传输距离下,DDE的误码率都能呈瀑布状下降至10-3这一公认的前向纠错(FEC)门限,使得后续的FEC模块可以让误码率迅速降低。此外,在激光器线宽小于100kHz时,DDE的误码性能并没有大幅度的提升。因此,在选择DDE作为均衡器的CO-OFDM系统中,应折中考虑激光器线宽和误码性能的关系,基于成本考虑建议采用100kHz激光器。     

OFDM系统的联合收发机设计

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is an effective technique to deal with a frequency selective channel since it can convert the channel into some flat fading subchannels. However, very different output SNR values of the sub-channels will lead to poor bit error performance when a linear equalizer and Equal Bit Allocation (EBA) are adopted in OFDM systems. So, we proposed three novel nonlinear Joint Transceiver (JT) schemes based on Zero-Forcing (ZF) criterion and Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) criterion respectively, which can transform all subchannels of an OFDM system into subchannels with identical channel gain. Thus, EBA is equivalent to the Optimum Bit Allocation (OBA) for these subchannels. Numerical analysis helps us to obtain the theoretical approximate BER values of the JT scheme. Simulation results verify the numerical analysis and confirm that the performance of our proposed JT scheme greatly outperforms the traditional linear equalizer with EBA at moderate and high SNR values.     

The Tradeoff Between Bit Error Rate and Optical Link Distance Using Laser Phase Noise Fixing Process in Coherent Optical OFDM Systems

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a suitable solution thanks to its many advantages known in wireless communications. On the other hand, optical communications is also used as a backbone to transmit and receive large data rates with economical and good performance. Recently, fiber optical communication and OFDM method have been combined to obtain both advantages in a communication link called Coherent Optical OFDM (CO-OFDM). In this study, Bit error rate (BER) versus distance variations are investigated for a constant signal to noise ratio in CO-OFDM systems. Results also show the performance of the CO-OFDM system at different data rates and distances for one RF carrier and one optical carrier. So far, the Telecommunication Standardization Sector standards have suggested 81 channels between 192.1 and 196.1 THz in C band. Extending the number of channels using 111 more channels between 185.9 and 191.4 THz in L band where optical amplifiers and laser sources are available, the total number of channels reaches up to 192. In this research, CO-OFDM technique is modeled and simulated designing a Monte Carlo simulation. Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) is the key factor to obtain 3 Tb/s (192*16 Gb/s) utilizing only one optical cable by covering whole C and L bands. To the best of our knowledge, this work shows the first BER versus Distance variations in a CO-OFDM communication link for 3 Tb/s.