共聚物水凝胶角膜接触镜材料的离子渗透性研究

以偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,N-乙烯吡咯烷酮(NVP)单体、甲基丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯(HEMA)单体、γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH570)单体及交联剂N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(Bis)在一定温度下共聚制得软性角膜接触镜材料--水凝胶,并采用池膜测量法研究了钠离子在角膜接触镜材料中的渗透性能.实验发现,随NVP含量的增大,水凝胶的含水量增大,钠离子渗透性能增强;KH570含量小于15%时,钠离子渗透性能随KH570含量的增加而增强,而含量在15%～25%时钠离子渗透性能则降低;交联剂含量增大会降低钠离子的渗透性能,含量以不超过0.7%为宜.     

水凝胶角膜接触镜材料研究进展

以角膜接触镜材料的基本要求为出发点,在相关文献和专利的基础上综述了目前软性亲水的水凝胶角膜接触镜材料的研究进展及发展趋势.特别针对传统型水凝胶角膜接触镜的透氧和均一成分构建的局限,分别重点介绍了高透氧角膜接触镜材料及互穿网络角膜接触镜材料.前者通过引入硅氧烷成分使角膜接触镜的延长配戴成为可能,后者则通过交联互锁的结构实现了材料的均一性和稳定性,从而为角膜接触镜材料在药物释放和治疗用途上的更广泛应用创造了条件.     

共聚物水凝胶的合成及其溶胀性能研究

以过氧化二苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂，合成了N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(NVP)-甲基丙烯酸肛羟乙酯(HEMA)-甲基丙烯酸丁酯(BMA)共聚物水凝胶，可作为软性角膜接触镜材料。探讨了不同比例的NVP、HEMA、BMA对材料溶胀性能的影响。     

含磷脂胆碱新型水凝胶的制备及性能初探

用具有高亲水性和优良生物相容性的磷脂胆碱化合物改性HEMA/NVP,制备新型角膜接触镜水凝胶,并初步探讨其对水凝胶性能的影响.在光引发剂IRGACURE2959作用下,以HEMA和NVP为主要单体,加入一定量的2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基-2'-三甲胺乙基磷酸酯·内盐(MPC),紫外光引发自由基聚合制备PHEMA/NVP-MPC水凝胶.得到的水凝胶在红外光谱(FTIR)中呈现了磷酰胆碱结构特征吸收峰.当MPC含量由0增加至5%时,平衡含水率由48.32%提高到53.66%,透光率由36.55%提高到98%以上,抗张强度在0.76～0.35MPa之间.采用磷脂胆碱改性HEMA/NVP制得新型水凝胶,平衡含水率和透光率得到显著改善,可能成为角膜接触镜材料的新选择.     

蛋白质在水凝胶角膜接触镜上的吸附及对膜渗透性能的影响

以牛血清白蛋白(BSA)为模型蛋白,通过紫外分光光度法测定了BSA在共聚物水凝胶膜材料上的吸附量．研究了泪液中蛋白质在甲基丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯和N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(HEMA—NVP)亲水性共聚物水凝胶的吸附情况．结果表明,蛋白质的吸附量随着吸附时间的增长而增大,4天基本达到吸附平衡．蛋白质在水凝胶上的吸附量随着水凝胶的平衡含水量增大而增大,吸附的蛋白质降低了水凝胶的离子通透性和透氧性．     

单体组成对水凝胶接触镜材料结构的影响

以甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEMA)、N乙烯吡咯烷酮(NVP)、丙烯酰胺(AM)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、甲基丙烯酸乙酯(EMA)或者甲基丙烯酸丁酯(BMA)为原料,采用本体共聚法制备水凝胶角膜接触镜材料。采用环境扫描电子显微镜(ESEM)研究各单体对水凝胶结构的影响,结果表明,在溶胀状态下,HEMA的均聚物水凝胶结构均匀,而HEMA与NVP共聚物水凝胶在微米层次上出现含水量不均;在脱水状态下,HEMA的均聚物以及HEMA与NVP共聚物表现出均匀的结构,HEMA与AM共聚物呈纤维状,而HEMA、NVP与MMA、EMA或者BMA共聚物均出现微米级塌缩。     

共聚物水凝胶接触镜材料的研究

以过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂,N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(NVP)、甲基丙烯酸β-羟乙酯(HEMA)以及甲基丙烯酸酯共聚,制备水凝胶接触镜材料,并研究了该水凝胶的溶胀性能。实验发现,不添加交联剂的情况下,共聚产物即可形成具有交联结构的水凝胶;随NVP含量的增大,水凝胶的平衡溶胀度也增大;少量甲基丙烯酸酯的加入,可较小幅度地降低共聚物水凝胶的平衡溶胀度;TG分析表明,NVP与HEMA二元共聚物水凝胶中的自由水容易脱水,而添加甲基丙烯酸酯可增强水凝胶的抗脱水性能,以甲基丙烯酸乙酯较为明显。     

基于角膜接触镜的眼药缓释水凝胶材料研究进展

常用的眼用药物制剂为滴眼剂或者眼膏剂,具有使用不方便、药物利用效率低、易引起副作用、需频繁施用、影响视力等缺点.采用角膜接触镜缓释的眼用药物制剂可克服这些缺点,因而受到研究人员的重视.综述了基于角膜接触镜、适于缓释眼用药物的poly-HEMA(聚甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯)水凝胶、硅氧烷水凝胶、分子印迹聚合物水凝胶以及含离子配体水凝胶的研究进展,并展望了适于角膜接触镜缓释的眼用制剂的水凝胶材料的发展前景.     

复合水凝胶角膜接触镜材料的设计与合成

通过高聚物分子设计的方法,以吸水倍率低的HEMA水凝胶为基体材料,以吸水倍率高的PVPP(交联NVP)颗粒为分散相,制备出了具有明显相界面层的复合水凝胶角膜接触镜材料.通过大量实验表明其制备工艺为:PVPP颗粒与单体HEMA的质量比为10:90,致孔剂PEG400为35%(wt,相对于总反应物),BPO为0.4%(wt,相对于反应单体),反应混合物混合均匀后立即压片、放入温度为75℃的水浴中,反应12h.为下一步研究具有药物缓释功能的、可重复利用的角膜接触镜奠定了基础.     

钾钠离子在无规共聚物水凝胶中的渗透扩散行为

以偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,合成了一系列N-乙烯吡咯烷酮(NVP)/甲基丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯(HEM A)共聚物水凝胶材料。自行设计了测定水凝胶材料透离子性能的装置。研究结果表明,离子在致密高分子膜中的渗透过程符合溶解-扩散机理,随着NVP含量的增加,材料的离子扩散系数P增大,渗透率与高分子的链段活动性和自由体积有关,共聚物水凝胶中钾、钠离子的扩散系数P与聚合物的水化度H之间可以用“自由体积”理论描述。结合水对氧气和离子在水凝胶中的扩散几乎没有贡献,离子在水凝胶的渗透主要是通过水凝胶中的自由水进行传递。     

角膜接触透镜材料的研究进展

综述了接触透镜材料的研究进展,接触透镜从材料方面主要分为硬镜和软镜;介绍了各种透镜材料的成分、性能,并对其优缺点进行评定.聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)是最初的接触透镜材料,随后研制出透气性硬镜材料(RGP)以保持佩戴角膜健康.为改善佩戴舒适性,广泛研究水凝胶类软接触透镜材料,主要有聚甲基丙烯酸β-羟乙酯(HEMA)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)等材料;为提高软镜的透氧性等性能,目前研究的热点是高透氧性软接触透镜材料,主要以有机硅、有机氟等大分子单体合成水凝胶材料,以及生物改性的软镜材料.     

Ophthalmic application of poly(HEMA)s containing nanoparticles and dimethylacrylamide

High functional ophthalmic lens materials, poly(HEMA-co-MMA)s were prepared by the copolymerization of HEMA, MMA, MA, EDGMA, and N,N-dimethylacrylamide in the presence of platinum nanoparticles with antimicrobial properties. The hydrophilic monomer N,N-dimethylacrylamide has excellent biocompatibility and oxygen transmissibility. The combination where platinum nanoparticles were added produced a colorless transparent lens. The water contents were in the range of 36.68-44.08% and the refractive index was measured to be in the range of 1.424-1.436. Meanwhile, the oxygen transmissibility ranged from 11.13 x 10(-11) to 17.63 x 10(-11) (cm2/sec) (mlO2/ml x mm Hg) increased with increasing the addition ratio of N,N-dimethylacrylamide. The physical properties measurements of the produced polymers showed that the nanoparticles did not show significant effect on the water content and refractive index of the hydrogel contact lens, but the materials effected to reduce oxygen permeability to a certain extent. The copolymers have excellent oxygen permeability, indicating that the material can be used to fabricate hydrogel contact lenses with high oxygen transmissibility.     

Determination of oxygen permeability/transmissibility and storage of contact lenses using HPLC with reductive electrochemical detection in combination with a specifically designed sampling unit

A new analytical technique for the determination of oxygen permeability/transmissibility of contact lenses is presented in this paper. The method is based on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with reductive electrochemical detection at -750 mV (vs Ag/AgCl) in combination with a patented sampling chamber that was designed especially for the purpose to determine oxygen at nanomolar levels. Compared to conventional method, the new technique exhibits higher sensitivity, selectivity, and versatility. The method permits the selective determination of oxygen permeability (Dk/L)/transmissibility (Dk) of soft as well as rigid contact lenses with good agreement with the Dk/L (Dk) values reported in the literature. Precision was determined by repeated measurements and yielded relative standard deviations of 3-8% for hydrophile lenses and 5-13% for rigid contact lenses. Because of the extraordinarily high sensitivity of the chromatographic oxygen sensor for the first time, the capability of hydrogel lenses to store oxygen could also be directly monitored.     

Photoinduced graft polymerization of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine on silicone hydrogels for reducing protein adsorption

The biomimetic synthetic methacrylate monomer containing a phosphorylcholine group, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC), has been widely used to improve the surface property of biomaterials. In the current report, both hydrophilic and antifouling surfaces were prepared on silicone hydrogels with MPC grafted by UV-induced free radical polymerization. The MPC-grafted silicone hydrogels were characterized by graft yield and static water contact angle (SCA) measurements. According to the results, the graft yield reached a maximum at 5 min of UV exposure time and 8 wt% MPC concentration. The modified silicone hydrogels possessed hydrophilic surfaces with the lowest water contact angle of 20o. The oxygen permeability of the MPC-grafted silicone hydrogels was as high as the unmodified silicone hydrogel. The mechanical property of silicone hydrogels was maintained at about 95% of the tensile strength and elastic modulus after the MPC grafting. The results of the in vitro single protein adsorption on the MPC-grafted silicone hydrogels were in agreement with the SCA measurements. The smaller the water contact angle, the greater was the protein repelling ability. The MPC-grafted silicone hydrogel is expected to be a novel biomaterial which possesses excellent surface hydrophilicity, antifouling property, oxygen permeability and mechanical property.     

Polyetherurethaneurea reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol) dialysis membranes: studies on permeability and mechanical strength

Poly(vinyl alcohol) is a hydrogel which is extensively studied for a variety of biomedical applications. Membranes developed from crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is having excellent permeability to solutes. However its wet breaking strength is low. Polyetherurethaneurea (PEUU), having an excellent mechanical strength is blended with PVA as a reinforcement, and membranes developed are studied for its permeability and mechanical strength. The optimum membrane selected, is having permeability and wet breaking strength almost equal to the commercially available cellulose acetate membrane.