耐硫酸露点腐蚀用钢的研究与应用综述

介绍了耐硫酸露点腐蚀用钢的腐蚀环境和硫酸露点腐蚀机理,并讨论了合金元素对耐硫酸露点腐蚀性能的影响、化学成分设计和使用情况。     

热轧耐硫酸露点腐蚀的12MnCuCr钢板的性

研究了济钢研制和生产的Q295级的耐硫酸露点腐蚀的12MnCuCr钢板显微组织、非金属夹杂物及其力学性能、焊接性能和耐硫酸露点腐蚀性能、耐大气腐蚀性能以及耐磨性.探讨了铜和硫提高低合金钢耐大气腐蚀性能及耐硫酸露点腐蚀性能的作用机制及其含量的控制问题.     

热轧耐硫酸露点腐蚀的12MnCuCr钢板的性能

研究了济钢研制和生产的Ｑ２９５级的耐硫酸露点腐蚀的１２ＭｎＣｕＣｒ钢板显微组织、非金属夹杂物及其力学性能、焊接性能和耐硫酸露点腐蚀性能、耐大气腐蚀性能以及耐磨性。探讨了铜和硫提高低合金钢耐大气腐蚀性能及耐硫酸露点腐蚀性能的作用机制及其含量的控制问题。     

S-TEN3和CRIA系列钢的耐硫酸露点腐蚀性能

通过浸泡实验测出了S-TEN3、CRIA两类钢种在各种硫酸介质中的腐蚀速率。结果表明,Sb和Ti分别能显著改善S-TEN3和CRIA钢的耐硫酸露点腐蚀性能。在此基础上,探讨了合金元素在腐蚀过程中的作用。     

热轧圆钢09CrCuSbRE耐硫酸腐蚀性能研究

09CrCuSb耐酸钢(又称ND钢)是低合金抗硫酸露点腐蚀结构用钢,应用在冶金、化工和石油等工业领域。文章采用失重法研究09CrCuSbRE和Q235B在恒温70℃、浓度为50%的硫酸作为腐蚀介质,经过24 h、48 h、72 h全浸的情况下,对比09CrCuSbRE和Q235B的失重量和失重速率,结果表明,09CrCuSbRE随着腐蚀时间的延长,腐蚀速率曲线变化不明显,耐硫酸腐蚀性能优异。Q235B随着腐蚀时间的延长,48 h后,耐腐蚀速率曲线急剧升高,说明耐硫酸腐蚀性能较差。通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察腐蚀表面及能谱分析,09CrCuSbRE腐蚀表面及腐蚀坑中有Cr、Cu等元素存在,钢中的Cr、Cu元素在耐腐蚀环境中有钝化钢表面的作用,阻止腐蚀介质与钢材的基体发生电化学反应,同时钢中添加Sb、RE等元素进一步降低了09CrCuSbRE腐蚀速率。     

昆钢KNS耐硫酸露点腐蚀钢研发成功

2009年1月,昆钢KNS耐硫酸露点腐蚀钢研发成功,可供烟草机械生产企业制作烟草烘烤机。 烟草烘烤机原采用普通碳素结构钢制作,使用过程中不能经受煤燃烧后产生的烟气腐蚀。昆钢研发成功之前,耐硫酸露点腐蚀钢国内仅济南钢厂独家生产,云南烟草机械生产企业采用济南钢厂生产的JNS钢,     

新型耐盐酸硫酸腐蚀钢板和钢带的研究概况

介绍了南钢研制与开发耐盐酸和硫酸露点腐蚀钢Q315NSS的成分设计思路、生产工艺控制要点和产品实物性能。采用低碳及合金化成分保证钢板对盐酸和硫酸环境具有优异的抵抗性;同时该钢种具有优异的焊接性能,可广泛用于冶金、石化、电力等行业的烟道、省煤器、空气预热器、脱硫脱硝装置、煤气输送管道等设备制造。     

耐硫酸露点腐蚀钢板的标准制定分析

介绍了耐硫酸露点腐蚀钢板的研发应用现状及标准化需求,并对产品标准制定的原则、范围以及产品的化学成分、机械性能、耐硫酸露点腐蚀性能、表面质量、内部质量等主要交付技术条件的制订情况进行了探讨。目前耐硫酸露点腐蚀用钢板标准已经通过了国家标准管理委员会审批,将于2013年5月1日正式实施。     

含镍元素耐硫酸露点腐蚀钢的开发与应用

为满足市场需求,通过制定合理的炼钢、连铸、轧钢工艺流程,开发出含镍元素耐硫酸露点腐蚀钢。其表面质量良好、夹杂物控制级别低,通过添加镍元素,降低了耐腐蚀钢中铜元素在晶界处的富集,有效阻止了发生铜脆的可能性,保证了产品质量,能够满足生产要求。     

耐硫酸露点腐蚀JNS钢板的研制

JNS钢是采用Cu、Cr、Ti、Sb等的复合微合金化技术生产的耐硫酸露点腐蚀专用钢。在生产过程中合理设计化学成分,采用复合微合金化、LF炉精炼以及控制轧制等手段,使该钢耐硫酸露点腐蚀性高、焊接性能良好。通过工艺调整,解决了JNS含铜钢在中厚钢板生产中容易出现热脆的难题。自开发出JNS钢以来,在多个领域推广使用,已经生产14000多t,创造了较好的经济效益。     

Titanium Containing High Strength Sulfuric Acid Corrosion Resistant Steel

Ti containing low alloy steel free of Sb is found to have higher strength than and equivalent sulfuric acid corrosion (SAC) resistance to traditional SAC resistant steels in Cu? Cr? Sb system. SAC resistance of the Ti containing steel was investigated with potentiodynamic polarization, linear polarization resistance, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and weight loss measurements in a solution of 20 wt% H₂SO₄ at 20°C. All measurements confirm that Ti addition is suitable for designing high strength SAC resistant steels.     

超级贝氏体钢的现状和进展

超级贝氏体钢的基本合金元素为C-Mn-Si,通过300～500℃低温相变得到超细贝氏体、马氏体和残余奥氏体组织。为减小临界冷却速度、促进贝氏体转变,部分超级贝氏体钢中添加Cr、Ni、Mo等合金元素,并降低C、Mn含量以改善钢材的焊接性能。超级贝氏体钢具有超高强度和良好的塑性,其屈服和抗拉强度分别达～1 200MPa和1 600～1 700 MPa,总伸长率为～15%。新一代超级贝氏体钢的屈服强度可达1 300 MPa以上,抗拉强度超过1 700 MPa。     

Effect of the presence of alloying elements in interstitial-free and low-carbon steels on their surface composition after annealing in reducing atmospheres (dew point=−30 °C)

The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) method is used to study the outer surfaces of interstitial-free (IF) and low-carbon (LC) steels with different alloying element contents (P, Ti, Nb, and Mn) after annealing at temperatures of 805 °C and 705 °C, respectively, for 40 seconds in reducing atmospheres (dew point=−30 °C). The work discussed seeks to establish possible relationships between the bulk composition of the IF and LC steels and the contents of segregated alloying element observed by XPS on the surface of the annealed steels, as well as to establish the influence of the presence of a thin iron oxide film on the steel surface on the segregation and oxidation of the alloying elements. Despite the low Mn and Si bulk steel contents and the shortness of the annealing cycle, considerable enrichment of these elements on the surface is seen, mainly as manganese and silicon oxides. The formation of a MnO layer on the annealed steel surface seems to be related to the reduction of iron oxides and the increase in the metallic Fe content. Despite its low content in LC steels, carbon also seems to diffuse towards the annealed steel surface to reduce iron oxides.     

弹簧钢的合金化研究

通用合金弹簧钢是用途最广、最重要的弹簧材料。分析了标准合金弹簧钢的合金化特点及常用合金系列。标准合金弹簧钢使用的合金元素不够广泛，合金系列比较简单，未能充分利用多元合金化的效应。分析和研究了弹簧钢合金化的最新发展趋势。其特点是在更广泛和深入地研究合金元素作用、合金系列及合金化理论的基础上，扩大了合金元素的使用范围，特别是使用了很多以前未曾用过的微量合金元素，发展了大量多元（甚至七元或更多）合金系列，充分利用合金元素的复合合金化效果，明显改善了弹簧钢的性能     

Galvanizability of Complex Phase High Strength Steel

Complex phase (CP) steels have very high ultimate tensile strengths, resulting from the use of specific alloying elements, which improve the hardenability but cause difficulties when applying a zinc coating by means of continuous hot‐dip galvanizing. The galvanizability of a cold rolled 1000MPa complex phase steel was investigated by monitoring the surface chemistry before dipping and evaluating the quality of the zinc coatings applied by a laboratory hot‐dipping simulator. Two steel compositions with different Cr levels were used. The influence of the most important production parameters, the annealing temperature and the dew point of the annealing atmosphere, was investigated. Both steel compositions were galvanizable, but both the surface appearance and zinc coating adhesion were improved when low Cr contents were used. At a low dew point of ‐30°C, Cr, Mn and Si segregated to the surface and the presence of Mn₂SiO₄ could be demonstrated. At high dew point of +10°C, less oxides were present at the steel surface. There was no effect of the annealing temperature on the coatability.     

经济耐候钢

从耐候钢发展的角度总结了在我国７个试验点１７种钢的４年大气腐蚀试验结果。材料包括最常用的碳素钢，低合金钢及低合金耐候钢。环境包括亚热带，温带，工业性，海洋性，干燥环境及湿热环境等各种典型环境。通过分析合金元素对耐候性的影响，探讨了发展耐候钢新的可能途径，从面出了经济耐候钢的概念，并作了进一步探讨。     

Galvanizing and Galvannealing Behavior of CMnSiCr Dual-Phase Steels

Alloying elements, such as Mn, Mo, Si, and Cr, are commonly used to enhance the strength of advanced high-strength steels. Those elements also play an important role in the hot-dip galvanizing (GI) and galvannealing (GA) process. In this study, two kinds of CMnSiCr dual-phase steels were galvanized and galvannealed using a hot-dip simulator to investigate the effect of the alloying elements on the microstructure of the GI and GA coatings. The results showed that the dual-phase steels had good galvanizability because no bare spots were observed and the Fe-Zn phases were readily formed at the interface. However, the alloying reaction during the GA process was significantly hindered. XPS analysis showed that external oxidation occurred under an extremely low dew point [213 K to 203 K (?60 °C to ?70 °C)] atmosphere during the annealing prior to hot dipping. However, most of the oxides were reduced during the GI process. After the GI process, the Al was present as solid solutes in the Fe-Zn phase, suggesting that the Fe-Zn phase was formed from the transformation of the Fe-Al inhibition alloy. Meanwhile, the solubility of Si in the ζ phase was extremely low. With continued GA reaction, the ζ phase transformed into the δ phase, which contained approximately 1.0 at.pct Si. The Si also diffused into the Zn layer during the GA reaction. Hence, the ζ phase did not homogeneously nucleate at the steel substrate/Zn coating interface, but was found at the area away from the interface. Therefore, the Fe-Zn phases on the CMnSiCr dual-phase steels were relatively non-uniform compared to those on interstitial-free steel.     

钼在合金钢冶炼中的应用现状和发展前景

综述了目前国内外钼在合金钢冶炼中的应用现状,介绍了传统钼铁生产工艺,并明确了传统工艺能耗较高、污染严重的弊端。系统分析了采用工业氧化钼直接合金化生产含钼合金钢的方法和优势,针对该工艺存在的氧化钼易挥发等关键问题进行总结,阐述了国内外该领域的研究进展和解决途径,即利用在氧化钼合金化过程中配加CaO等碱金属或碱土金属的方式能够有效抑制氧化钼挥发。最后,进一步分析了钼在不锈钢、低合金钢、工模具钢及其他合金钢中的应用现状和研究进展,提出了钼在合金钢冶炼中的未来发展方向。     

加热工艺对含磷高强钢氧化行为的影响

 含磷高强钢具有良好的成形性能和较高的强度,被广泛用于汽车零件冲压成形。除了磷元素,含磷高强钢中通常还含有锰、硅等合金元素进行固溶强化,这些合金元素在退火过程中容易发生选择性氧化。采用镀锌模拟器研究了加热过程的露点温度对含磷高强钢在加热过程中的氧化行为。采用扫描电镜、辉光放电光谱仪以及光电子能谱仪分别分析了含磷高强钢的表面微观形貌、元素深度分布以及表面化合物种类。结果表明,加热过程的露点温度对合金元素在表面的氧化行为有显著影响,较高的加热过程露点温度可以显著抑制锰元素和硅元素在表面的选择性氧化行为,但是会加速磷元素在表面的偏析。进一步研究表明,磷元素在样品表面以磷酸盐形式存在。