一个面向对象的交互式图形工具箱OOIGT

在开发交互式图形应用过程中，一个主要难题是如何表示和建立代表应用模型数据及操作的图形对象并提供直接操作的交互方式，另一个难题是如何有效地表示和管理图形对象之间的关系。ＯＯＩＧＴ是作者设计和实现的一个交互式图形建造工具箱，其目的是为解决上述个有效的解，ＯＯＩＧＴ提供了一相可扩充，用于表示应用模型并集成了事件模型的图形对象集，使应用不人需定义对象，而毋须了解如何作图，且容易处理在这些对象上的交互式直     

An overview of a graphical multilanguage applications environment

A programming environment to support the development and use of engineering applications is presented. The environment provides uniform support for a set of Pascal-class languages in which engineering and scientific applications are commonly written. The environment includes a dynamically multilanguage interpreter debugger to aid in the interactive development of applications. For the application and user, the environment provides a graphical program interface based on the concept of a software control panel. Through a control panel, the user may interactively modify program parameters and exercise fine-grain control over program execution. The environment also includes a graphical design tool for constructing executable block diagrams based on standard application programs. The control-panel tool is integrated with the design tool, to provide a uniform interface to all levels of program execution     

A graphical specification system for user-interface design

An environment for creating user interfaces for embedded systems, called the graphical specification system (GSS), is presented. GSS combines graphical and minimal low-level textual specification with a prototyping capability for rapid user-interface design and evaluation. It is part of a larger embedded systems project at Lockheed, called Express. The user interface components, display components, user-machine interaction, interface-application interaction, and executive component are discussed. Two scenarios, developed with GSS tool prototypes, demonstrate how some GSS tools function. One is the construction of a display with two pairs of gauges, one Cartesian and one polar. The other is the design of a display for submarine tracking     

CAD系统集成和集成技术剖析

系统集成能从根本上解决工程CAD技术应用中的分散独立和低水平重复问题,是进一步发掘计算机潜力的有效途径。文章以集成化的桥梁CAD系统的开发为背景,提出了由界面、工具和数据等三个层次组成的桥梁集成CAD系统结构,并针对软件工业的最新发展介绍了实现CAD系统集成的软件开发技术,包括面向对象的程序设计、图形界面和基础类库、软件构件化开发及数据库图形库连接等。     

The automatic creation of concept maps from documents written using morphologically rich languages

Concept map is a graphical tool for representing knowledge. They have been used in many different areas, including education, knowledge management, business and intelligence. Constructing of concept maps manually can be a complex task; an unskilled person may encounter difficulties in determining and positioning concepts relevant to the problem area. An application that recommends concept candidates and their position in a concept map can significantly help the user in that situation. This paper gives an overview of different approaches to automatic and semi-automatic creation of concept maps from textual and non-textual sources. The concept map mining process is defined, and one method suitable for the creation of concept maps from unstructured textual sources in highly inflected languages such as the Croatian language is described in detail. Proposed method uses statistical and data mining techniques enriched with linguistic tools. With minor adjustments, that method can also be used for concept map mining from textual sources in other morphologically rich languages.     

A Dynamic Gesture Language and Graphical Feedback for Interaction in a 3D User Interface

In user interfaces of modern systems, users get the impression of directly interacting with application objects. In 3D based user interfaces, novel input devices, like hand and force input devices, are being introduced. They aim at providing natural ways of interaction. The use of a hand input device allows the recognition of static poses and dynamic gestures performed by a user's hand. This paper describes the use of a hand input device for interacting with a 3D graphical application. A dynamic gesture language, which allows users to teach some hand gestures, is presented. Furthermore, a user interface integrating the recognition of these gestures and providing feedback for them, is introduced. Particular attention has been spent on implementing a tool for easy specification of dynamic gestures, and on strategies for providing graphical feedback to users' interactions. To demonstrate that the introduced 3D user interface features, and the way the system presents graphical feedback, are not restricted to a hand input device, a force input device has also been integrated into the user interface.     

A Methodology And Tool Set For Supporting The Development Of Graphical User Interfaces

A methodology and tool set for building application (assumed to be inherently non-graphical) software with graphical user interface is described. Initially, pure application software is built from a set of basic building blocks; subsequently, graphical representations for application objects are defined without direct coding and then the graphical user interface is generated automatically. This paper concentrates on the graphical representation aspects of the user interface. Portability, configurability and sound software engineering principles are major considerations in the design of the overall system architecture. The prototype implementation is based on VDM (Vienna Development Method), Object-based Design, GKS (Graphical Kernel System) and the programming language ADA. An example from CIM (Computer Integrated Manufacturing) is used to illustrate the methodology presented here.     

Tools to engineer new technologies into applications

How will consumers, engineers, and businesses benefit from the latest computer technology? Technologists envision graphical, multimedia interfaces to the information highway, but technology like graphical user interfaces, multimedia, and groupware does not appear in applications by magic. Whether the target application is an information system, a consumer product, or a real-time embedded system, developers must expand their engineering environments to incorporate tools for new technologies. To win the race to market, suppliers must pursue various approaches to improve their engineering process. The authors explore these key aspects of development support for new applications: technology-specific tools, reuse, computer-aided software engineering, testing, and integrated development environments     

Designing parallel systems: a performance prediction problem

PSEE (Parallel System Evaluation Environment) is a software tool that provides a multiprocessor system for research into alternative architectural decisions and experimentation, with such issues as selection, design, tuning, scheduling, clustering and routing policies. PSEE facilitates simulation and performance evaluation as well as a prediction environment for the design and tuning of parallel systems. These tasks involve cycles through programming, simulation, measurement, visualization and modification of parallel system parameters. PSEE includes a parallel programming tool, a simulator for link oriented parallel systems, BOLAS, and a performance evaluation tool, GRAPH. These PSEE modules are tools oriented to support the above tasks in user-friendly, interactive and animated graphical form. PSEE provides quantitative information in a graphical tailored form. This numerical/graphical output helps the user make decisions about his/her particular development.     

User interface specification with sequence diagrams: an application to the AIRBUS A380 Datalink system

The development of user interfaces for safety critical systems is driven by requirements specifications. Because user interface specifications are typically embedded within complex systems requirements specifications, they can be intractable to manage. Proprietary requirements specification tools do not support the user interface designer in modelling and specifying the user interface. In this paper, a new way of working with embedded user interface specifications is proposed, exploiting sequence diagrams with a hypertext structure for representing and retrieving use cases. This new tool concept is assessed through an application to the requirements specification for the Airbus A380 air traffic control Datalink system; engineers involved in the development of the Airbus cockpit used a prototype of the tool concept to resolve a set of user interface design anomalies in the requirements specification. The results of the study are positive and indicate the user interface to requirements specification tools which user interface designers themselves need.     

Choosing a user interface development tool

Software developers face many difficult decisions when building new applications, not the least of which is the design of the graphical user interface. The answer to one question-is it better to use a GUI development tool or build it manually?-is relatively straightforward. Today's tools offer several benefits that manual coding does not. Because these tools often provide a simple graphical interface for developing displays, nonprogrammers and human factors engineers can contribute their expertise. Also, if the schedule permits, a tool can be used to build prototypes throughout the development cycle; some tools even provide a test/prototype mode for testing displays without compiling and executing the entire application. And finally, end users can evaluate each prototype and provide feedback, increasing their satisfaction with the final product     

基于AJAX的Web应用构件组装技术及工具

基于构件的软件开发方式能够有效提高Web应用的开发效率,它所涵盖的构件组装技术涉及到Web应用的前端页面与后端业务逻辑或第三方服务之间的组合。在分析Web应用的构件类型及其组装方式的基础上,提出了一套基于AJAX的Web应用构件组装技术,该技术尤其关注于前端页面构件与后端业务构件以及Web Service构件之间的自动化组装,包含两种具体的组装实现模式,即采用jQuery调用Servlet的实现模式以及采用DWR技术的实现模式,它们为页面构件提供其与服务端构件交互的能力。另外,这两种组装模式已分别实现为两套在线的Web应用构件组装工具,均支持用户通过图形化的方式定义构件的连接关系,并根据不同模式自动组合构件实体单元来生成Web应用系统。以一个实验性选课网站作为应用开发实例,以验证技术与工具的有用性。     

PORT：并行优化重构工具集

ＰＯＲＴ是以ＦＯＲＴＲＡＮ７７源程序为象的并行优化重构工具集，它以自动并行重构程序为主体，辅以一组优化，静态分析，动态分析和程序执行过程视化工具，通过良好的用户界面和统一的的内部数据结构将它们集成为一个整体，本文介绍ＰＯＲＴ系统的特点，结构和若干关键技术。     

Exploring the IBIS data library contents: tools for data visualisation, (pre-) processing and screening. Improved Monitoring for Brain Dysfunction in Intensive Care and Surgery

During the IBIS project a high-quality data library of continuous and intermittent physiological signals and variables from patients during intensive care and surgery has been collected. To facilitate exploration of the full content of this data library a data browser was developed, which offers a flexible graphical display of the collection of multivariate data. To supplement the functionality of the display of the 'raw' data, a set of screening and pre-processing tools has been developed. A separate trend analysis tool offers a convenient overview of an entire recording focusing on the slow changes in the general state of the patient and the interaction between different physiological subsystems seen from a long-term perspective. A frequency analysis tool for processing the electroencephalography (EEG) signals has been integrated in the data browser to facilitate a quick screening of the cerebral function. The data library is the foundation of the development and validation of biosignal interpretation methods. This process can potentially be more productive using the described tool for algorithm prototyping based on a graphical network specifying the interaction between data processing primitives.     

S4W: a problem‐solving environment for wireless system design

This work describes the Site‐Specific System Simulator for Wireless System Design (S⁴W), a problem‐solving environment (PSE) that integrates visualization and computational tools with a high‐level graphical user interface. S⁴W improves the ability of wireless system engineers to design an indoor wireless system by encouraging them to think in terms of designing the system for optimal performance. Issues of computation management, data management, and location of resources are hidden from the user. The complex nature of data sets in the domain of wireless simulations calls for a customized set of visualization tools. Therefore, a number of ad hoc visualizations were developed for S⁴W. A study comparing the integrated system with an earlier, unintegrated version is presented. This helps to demonstrate the productivity gains that a PSE provides. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Generating tools from graph-based specifications

This paper describes an approach for generating graphical, structure-oriented software engineering tools from graph-based specifications. The approach is based on the formal meta modeling of visual languages using graph rewriting systems. Besides the syntactical and semantical rules of the language, these meta models include knowledge from the application domains. This enables the resulting tools to provide the user with high level operations for editing, analysis and execution of models. Tools are constructed by generating source code from the meta model of the visual language, which is written in the very high level programming language PROGRES. The source code is integrated into a framework which is responsible for the invocation of commands and the visualization of graphs. As a case study, a visual language for modeling development processes together with its formal meta model is introduced. The paper shows how a process management tool based on this meta model is generated and reports on our experiences with this approach.