涡街流量计在炼厂的应用

针对现代炼厂较少维护和低能耗的需求,涡街流量计在流量测量中应用的越来越广泛。本文比较了涡街流量计在国内外炼厂的应用现状,分析了涡街流量计在流量测量的优势,同时探讨了影响涡街流量计测量准确性的因素和对策。     

涡街流量计在石油化工行业中的应用

涡街流量计是现代石油化工行业中测量流量的重要工具之一;简述了涡街流量计的测量原理和主要优点,提供了涡街流量计的选型、安装、使用和维护的建议;通过规范设计、合理选型、正确的安装和维护,让涡街流量计在石油化工行业中发挥更大的作用。     

影响涡街流量计测量准确度的几个因素

涡街流量计是生产中测量流量的重要工具之一。文章简述了涡街流量计构测量原理、基本结构,洋细分析了影响涡街流量计测量准确度的选型、安装、温度压力补偿、旋涡发生体迎流面堆积、配管内径与流量计内径不一致等因素,并提出了解决影响测量精度的具体方案。     

关于涡街流量计在蒸汽测量中的讨论

介绍涡街流量计的测量原理和特点,分析了在蒸汽测量中影响涡街流量计测量精度的因素,并提出了解决方法。     

涡街流量计在化工生产中的应用

简述了涡街流量计的测量原理,阐述了影响涡街流量计测量精度的原因及解决方法.     

涡街流量计在化工生产中的应用

简述了涡街流量计的测量原理，简述了影响涡街流量计测量精度的原因及解决方法。     

涡街流量计测量气液混相流的不确定度

涡街流量计可用于部分混相流的测量,但迄今为止有关混相流对涡街流量计测量特性的影响还缺少理论研究和实践经验.在体积含气率为2.0%～15.0%的范围内,评定了用涡街流量计测量气液混相流的不确定度,提出涡街流量计测量气液混相流的不确定度计算式.实验以空气和水为介质产生气液混相流,涡街信号通过管壁差压法采集,涡街频率通过功率谱分析获得.结果表明在保持涡街流量计一定测量准确度的前提下,涡街流量计相对扩展不确定度随气液混相流流量及其体积含气率的分布比较均匀;在涡街频率测量的不确定度分量中,由重复性和复现性引起的相对标准不确定度随流量的变化呈现出较强的随机性,而由频率分辨率引起的相对标准不确定度则随着流量的增加而减小.在本研究的流量与体积含气率范围内,由气液混相流引起的涡街流量计附加相对不确定度小于2.0%.这一研究为分析气液混相流对涡街流量计测量特性的影响提供了有益的借鉴.     

涡街流量计在UOP丙烷脱氢工艺装置的应用及维护

主要介绍涡街流量计的特点,并分析了涡街流量计的测量原理和测量方法,通过在UOP丙烷脱氢工艺装置的实际应用中的具体情况和运行维护中的经验,提出在涡街流量计安装、调试和维护上应注意的事项,最后对涡街流量计在生产运行过程中的常见故障进行了分析,并提出了故障处理方法。     

涡街流量计雷诺数相似原理的验证分析

流量计检定工作是在实验室标准装置下完成的,涡街流量计的一个重要参数是雷诺数,其变化对涡街流量计检定结果能产生一定的影响。对涡街流量计测量特性做了简要介绍,采用现场实验的方法,通过在型式评价实验室标准装置对仪表k系数标定的对比,对涡街流量计在不同介质、不同温度下雷诺数相似原理的体现进行了分析,检测结果表明,外部条件几何相似时,若涡街流量计的雷诺数相等,则其流体流动状态也几何相似。     

涡街流量计在三氯乙烯装置的应用

介绍了涡街流量计的测量原理和使用过程中出现的问题。结合实际经验,总结了涡街流量计在仪表选型、设计安装和使用过程中的注意事项,以及气体流量测量时的温度压力补偿组态计算。     

环隙式离心萃取器内部两相流动研究进展

环隙式离心萃取器是集成液-液混合与液-液分离于一体的高性能萃取设备,其广泛应用于核工业、化工环保、有色冶金、生物医药等领域。离心萃取器具有优异的水力学特性和传质特性,这主要得益于其环隙中的泰勒涡流以及转鼓内的离心分离流等特殊流动。本文主要依据离心萃取器结构和两相流动特点,综述了环隙内气-液界面变化规律、气泡流动特性、液-液两相流型、液滴流动特性,以及转鼓内的气-液界面等方面的研究进展,还总结了环隙螺旋隔板、转鼓径向叶片等结构的优化对于两相流动、混合或分离效果的影响。在后续研究中,可以从离心萃取过程中的液滴分散和聚并机理、三相流动测试及模拟、结构的模型化设计方法等方面开展更加深入的研究。     

基于波理论的涡街流量计雾状流测量模型

建立了雾状流条件下涡街流量计的修正模型。雾状流中液相的存在会导致涡街流量计的测量误差,通过将以往研究者在单相流中对Karman涡街现象的认识及取得的研究成果作为基础,并结合实验流体本身所具有的动力特点,利用Karman涡街波传递的理论分析了非定常不稳定的雾状流流场中的Karman涡街现象,构建了双向耦合的气液两相流动力学模型。试验结果显示,当液相体积含率从0～0.13%变化时,模型修正后的结果与实际值较为接近。     

Retention capacities and flow patterns of vortex contactors

The hydrodynamic features of vortex contactors, such as vortex chambers and contactors with swirled spouted beds, designed for the thermal treatment of dispersed materials, such as drying, when the material comes into direct contact with the swirling flow of the heat carrier gas are considered. The retention capacity of vortex chambers with vertical and horizontal axes is calculated and the flow patterns in vortex contactors are analyzed.     

波纹壁面上流动液膜涡的生成特性

针对液膜在非平整壁面上流动过程中生成涡的现象,基于VOF方法,采用FLUENT软件模拟了三维波纹壁面上的液膜流动。研究了波纹结构内涡结构的演化过程,分析入口Reynolds数、波纹结构、壁面倾角、流体黏度和表面张力对波纹结构内涡结构的影响。结果表明：随着时间的演化,涡的大小和形状不断变化,最终达到稳定。且涡结构变化对自由液面的波动影响显著。较低Re和波形度时,波纹结构内不易形成涡,随着Re和波形度增大,产生涡且涡呈增大趋势,涡的形态也随之改变,自由液面位置升高,其相位滞后于波纹壁面。当壁面倾角改变时,波纹结构内的涡特性变化较大,液膜厚度略有增加,而自由液面相位不明显。表面张力对涡结构有显著影响,液膜流动过程中不容忽视。流体黏性改变时,波纹结构内涡的大小和形状无明显的变化。黏度变小和忽略表面张力时,液膜厚度均变薄。以上结果为工业设备生产、运行和设计提供了一定参考依据。     

泰勒反应器中流体流动及停留时间分布研究

以水为介质对泰勒反应器中的流动状况和停留时间及其分布(RTD)进行了研究,并应用计算流体力学(CFD)技术对反应器进行了流场模拟和RTD计算。结果表明,在实验范围内,泰勒反应器中停留时间分布受内筒转速、轴向流动速率等因素影响,基于流体力学计算结果与实验结果基本相当。     

A heat transfer relation for swirl flow in a vortex tube

An experimental investigation was made to study the heat transfer behavior of a water-cooled vortex tube with air as the working medium. The vortex flow was generated by leading the compressed air to enter the vortex tube tangentially. The pressures of the inlet air were 300 to 500 kPa gauge. For each of these inlet pressures, the heat transfer performance of the vortex tube was studied at different cold mass flow ratios. New experimental data are presented. An empirical correlation for the prediction of the air-side Nusselt number is established. It was shown that the air-side Nusselt number for the swirl flow in this vortex tube can be up to 30 times higher than that for a flow without swirl in the same tube.     

Measurements of flow characteristics in a confined vortex flow

A study of air flow patterns by hot-wire anemometry is reported for a vortex chamber consisting of an upper cylindrical section 122 cm in diameter and 61 cm high and a conical bottom section 122 cm high. Quantitative data are presented for flow angles, profiles of mean tangential and axial velocities, and radial distributions of tangential and axial intensities of turbulence as a function of air entrance velocities of 1.6, 2.4 and 3.2 m/s, and axial distance from the top of the chamber. In general, the quantitative results confirm the theoretical predictions and the experimental trends reported in the literature. In particular, they fully support the conclusion that the flow pattern is relatively insensitive to the entrance volumetric flow rate. A generalized correlation is presented for the axial velocity distribution. Preliminary correlations are also presented for the tangential velocity distributions in the core and in the annular region of the vortex near the wall. These were found to be functions of the axial location and of the air entrance velocity.     

Scale of vortex zones of the hydrogen flame in a supersonic air flow

Vortex formation during diffusion combustion of a fuel in a supersonic high-temperature air flow is considered. Results of experimental and numerical activities on studying the vortex scale, changes in the vortex size, and relations with the wave structure of the flow and combustion intensity are analyzed.     

Taylor vortex flow in presence of internal baffles

We present a study on Taylor vortex flow in between a rotating inner cylinder and a stationary outer cylinder with vertical or horizontal baffles. A mineral oil is used as the working fluid in the annular channel of 60 mm in height and 11.6 mm in gap width. The flow pattern in the annulus is investigated by particle image velocimetry (PIV) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Both the experimental and simulation results show that the presence of vertical baffles influences the vertical positions of vortices—it is primarily significant for the bottom vortex. Increasing number of vertical baffles gradually decreases the azimuthal variation in the vertical position. The baffles also lead to the occurrence of a circulation flow immediately upstream and downstream each baffle plate in the radial–azimuthal plane. On the other hand, an annular horizontal baffle with sufficient width alters the vortex structure in the gap, for instance, fewer vortices are observed. With two horizontal baffles in the annulus, the flow pattern is largely affected by the baffle width and the distance between the two baffles. This study provides a better understanding of Taylor vortex in presence of internal baffles, which will be important for practical applications of Taylor vortex devices.