立方A^4＋M^5＋2O7型化合物与新型负热膨胀材料

概述了立方Ａ＾４＋Ｍ＾５＋２Ｏ７型化合物的结构特点，讨论了ＡＶ２－ｘＰｘＯ７型（Ａ＝Ｚｒ或Ｈｆ；ｘ＝０．１～１．２）及其部分取代的Ａ＾４＋１－ｙＢ＾４＋ｙＶ２－ｘＰｘＯ７型（Ｂ＝Ｔｉ，Ｃｅ，Ｔｈ，Ｕ，Ｍｏ，Ｐｔ，Ｐｂ，Ｓｎ，Ｇｅ或Ｓｉ；ｙ＝０．１～０．４）和Ａ＾４＋１－ｙＣ＾１＋ｙＤ＾３＋ｙＶ２－ｘＰｘＯ７型（Ｃ为碱金属元素，Ｄ为稀土金属元素）材料的负热膨胀性能。     

Li1+2x+yAlxNdyTi2-x-ySixP3-xO12系统的锂快离子导体研究

Ｌｉ１＋２ｘ＋ｙＡｌｘＮｄｙＴｉ２－ｘ－ｙＳｉｘＰ３－ｘＯ１２锂快离子导体可以用精选的天然高岭石Ａｌ４「Ｓｉ４Ｏ１０」（ＯＨ）８为起始原料，经与Ｌｉ２Ｃｏ３、ＴｉＯ２、ＮＨ４Ｈ２ＰＯ４进行高温（８００－１０００℃固相反应约２０ｈ而制得，一个空间群属于Ｒ３Ｃ的固溶体导电相可在ｙ＝０．５，ｘ≤０．３和ｙ＝１．０，ｘ≤０．４的组成范围内发现，该盯具有较好的电导性较低的活化能，起始组成ｙ＝１．０，ｘ＝０．     

高温燃料电池阴极材料La（Sr）MnO3的电导性能研究

用固相合成法合成了（Ｌａ１－ｘＳｒｘ）１－ｙＭｎＯ３（ｘ＝０～５，ｙ＝０～０．１）单纯相化合物。在空气中用直流四探针法测定了各组成的电导率。测试温度范围为１００～９５０℃。其中（Ｌａ０．７Ｓｒ０．３）０．９５ＭｎＯ３具有最大的电导率。讨论了Ｌａ（Ｓｒ）ＭｎＯ３的电导机理。     

Na_2Mo_（0．1）S_（0．9）O_4（α）－Pr_2（SO_4）_3二元

应用差热分析、Ｘ射线粉末衍射及电测量技术对Ｎａ２Ｍｏ（０．１）Ｓ（０．９）Ｏ４（α）－Ｐｒ２（ＳＯ４）３体系进行了研究，结果表明，在Ｎａ２Ｍｏ（０．１）Ｓ（０．９）Ｏ４相中加入少量的Ｐｒ２（ＳＯ４）３就可以形成完全固熔体，且无任何相变存在，当Ｐｒ２（ＳＯ４）３含量达到４ｍｏｌ％时，电导率较纯Ｎａ２Ｍｏ（０．１）Ｓ（０．９）Ｏ４提高两个数量级（５５３Ｋ时，σ＝１．０９×１０（－３）Ｓｃｍ（－１）），同时还证明了该类导体的导电机理，揭示了电导率与有效空位浓度、掺杂剂浓度及温度之间的依赖关系。     

La_（1－x）SrxCoO_（3－y）导电陶瓷制备工艺的研究

用固相反应法制备了Ｌａ＿（１－ｘ）Ｓｒ＿ｘＣｏＯ＿（３－ｙ）导电陶瓷材料，研究了制备工艺对烧结性能的影响。实验结果表明：烧结体的致密度取决于预烧温度、烧成温度及保温时间，此外还与成型方法等因素有关。在１０００～１３００℃保温２～１５ｈ获得了高密度、导电性良好的立方钙钛矿型Ｌａ＿（１－ｘ）Ｓｒ＿ｘＣｏＯ＿（３－ｙ）（ｘ＝０．５，０．６）陶瓷材料。用Ｘ射线分析了材料的相组成和结构。     

Na2Mo0.1S0.9O4（α）—Pr2（SO4）3二元系的相关系与导电性

应用差热分析、Ｘ射线粉末衍射及电测量技术对Ｎａ２Ｍｏ０．１Ｓ０．９Ｏ４（α）－Ｐｒ２（ＳＯ４）３体系进行了研究，结果表明，在Ｎａ２Ｍｏ０．１Ｓ０．９Ｏ４相中加入少量的Ｐｒ２（ＳＯ４）３就可以形成完全固熔体，且无任何相变存在，当Ｐｒ２（ＳＯ４）３含量达到４ｍｏｌ％时，电导率较纯Ｎａ２Ｍｏ０．１Ｓ０．９Ｏ４提高两个数量级（５５３Ｋ时，σ＝１．０９×１０＾－３Ｓｃｍ＾－１），同时还证明了该类导体的导电机     

钙钛矿型复合氧化物催化剂中过渡金属离子的状态及其间的相互作用

讨论了Ｂ位二元复下钛矿型复合氧化物ＬａＭｙＭ＇１－ｙＯ３（Ｍ，Ｍ＇＝Ｍｎ，Ｆｅ，Ｃｏ；ｙ＝０．０￣１．０）中过渡金属离子的状态及其间的相互作用。在Ｍｎ－Ｃｏ复合体系中，富锰区（ｙ〉０．５）Ｍｎ＾３＋－Ｏ＾２－－Ｍｎ＾４＋的铁磁超交换作用对样品的磁性起决定作用。富钴区（ｙ〉０．５）Ｃｏ＾２＋和Ｃｏ＾ＩＩＩ离子的存在及其浓度是影响磁性和电导性的主要因素。ｙ＝０．５时样品的结构决定了样品的强铁磁性质。在     

Pb（Mg_（1／2）W_（1／2））O_3－PbTiO_3－PbZrO_3陶

研究了Ｐｂ（Ｍｇ＿（１／２）Ｗ＿（１／２））Ｏ＿３－ＰｂＴｉＯ＿３－ＰｂＺｒＯ＿３陶瓷的化学不均匀性和介电行为。ＥＤＳ分析得到：体系中存在富Ｗ和富Ｚｒ、Ｔｉ的两相，平均分子式为：Ⅰ相（富Ｗ相）：Ｐｂ（Ｍｇ＿（０．２７０）Ｗ＿（０．３６７）Ｔｉ＿（０．１７８）Ｚｒ＿（０．１８２））Ｏ＿（３．０９１）；Ⅱ相（富Ｚｒ、Ｔｉ相）：Ｐｂ（Ｍｇ＿（０．１０９）Ｗ＿（０．１８７）Ｔｉ＿（０．２０４）Ｚｒ＿（０．３４０）Ｏ＿（２．７５８）。两相居里点分别为：Ｔ＿（ｃＩ）＜－６５℃，Ｔ＿（ｃＩ）＝１０５℃，图像处理得到两相的面积比为：Ｓ＿Ⅰ＝６８．６４％，Ｓ＿Ⅱ＝３１．３６％。按３－３模型复合，得到两相体积比为：７６％、２４％。复合相的介电性能符合Ｘ７Ｒ要求，｜ＴＣＣ｜≤１２％，且介－温曲线与原材料有相同的规律。     

Zn_（1－y）Al_yO敏感材料的固溶及导电机制

用化学共沉淀法，经热处理制得Ｚｎ＿（１－ｙ）Ａｌ＿ｙＯ系敏感材料。实验发现，在ｙ＜０．０８区间内，材料的电阻降低幅度较大，当ｙ＞０．０８时，阻值开始随ｙ值增大而上升。ＸＲＤ分析表明Ｚｎ＿（１－ｙ）Ａｌ＿ｙＯ（Ｏ＜ｙ＜０．１）是固溶体，此体系中存在缺陷平衡，并探讨其导电机制。     

锂快离子导体Li_(1 2x y)Al_xYb_yTi_(2-x-y)Si_xP_(3-x)O_(12)系统的研究

以ＬｉＴｉ２（ＰＯ４）３为基以天然高岭石为起始原料,经高温固相反应（９５０～１１５０℃）制得了 一系列锂快离子导体材料Ｌｉ１＋２ｘ＋ｙＡｌｘＹｂｙＴｉ２－ｘ－ｙＳｉｘＰ３－ｘＯ１２（以下简称Ａｌ－Ｙｂ－Ｌｉｓｉｃｏｎ）．系统 的合成温度随ｘ和ｙ值的增大而降低．应用交流阻抗技术测定的电导率数据结果表明ｙ＝０．３, ｘ＝０．１的合成物的电导率最好,４００℃时电导率达２．４５×１０－２Ｓ／ｃｍ, ２００～４００℃内的电导激 活能为３８．３ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ．ＸＲＤ分析结果表明在ｙ＝０．３,ｘ≤０４及ｙ＝０．５,ｘ≤０．３的组成范围内 均能得到空间群为Ｒ３ｃ的合成物．     

Synthesis and characterization of pure and doped (Na, Ca, Sr) nanograined LaMnO3 magnetoresistive ceramics

Pure and Na, Ca, and Sr doped lanthanum manganites (LaMnO3, La0.85Na0.15MnO3, La0.7Ca0.3 MnO3, La0.7Sr0.3MnO3) were prepared in form of bulk nano-structured materials through a two-step process. Nanometric powders were synthesized by the Pechini method and subsequently densified by Spark Plasma Sintering at 1273 K for 5 minutes under a pressure of 140 MPa. The method allowed the preparation of single phase manganites with a theoretical density above 98% together with a very limited growth of the grain size. Grain sizes below 70 nm were obtained for all materials except La0.85Na0.15MnO3 which showed a much larger grain size. Curie temperatures (Tc) and magnetoresistivity properties of the samples were measured by a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID). The decrease in the resistivity below Tc occurred in a much wider range of temperature compared to ceramics having micron-size grains.     

(La0.52Gd0.15)Sr0.33MnO3多晶颗粒的磁热效应

利用非晶态分子合金作前驱体,在相对低的热分解温度800℃、10h成功合成了钙钛矿结构(La0.52Gd0.15)Sr0.33MnO3多晶颗粒.TEM观察表明,颗粒的尺寸范围为100～150nm.研究了多晶颗粒(La0.52Gd0.15)Sr0.33MnO3的居里温度和磁熵变化(MCE).在多晶颗粒(La0.52Gd0.15)Sr0.33MnO3中,居里温度(343K)附近观察到较大的磁熵变和较宽的峰值温度范围,较大的磁熵变来源于磁场条件下的铁磁转变贡献.这些结果表明,该材料是室温附近磁制冷合适的工作物质.     

Stabilization of Ferromagnetic Order in La(0.7)Sr(0.3)MnO(3)-SrRuO(3) Superlattices

The study of spatially confined complex oxides is of wide interest, since correlated electrons at interfaces might form exotic phases. Here La(0.7)Sr(0.3)MnO(3)/SrRuO(3) superlattices with coherently grown interfaces were studied by structural techniques, magnetization, and magnetotransport measurements. Magnetization measurements showed that ferromagnetic order in ultrathin La(0.7)Sr(0.3)MnO(3) layers is stabilized in the superlattices down to layer thicknesses of at least two unit cells. This stabilization is destroyed, if the ferromagnetic layers are separated by two unit cell thick SrTiO(3) layers. The resistivity of the superlattices showed metallic behavior and was dominated by the conducting SrRuO(3) layers, the off-diagonal resistivity showed an anomalous Hall effect from both SrRuO(3) and La(0.7)Sr(0.3)MnO(3) layers. This shows that the La(0.7)Sr(0.3)MnO(3) layers are not only ferromagnetic but also highly conducting; probably a conducting hole gas is induced at the interfaces that stabilizes the ferromagnetic order. This result opens up an alternative route for the fabrication of two-dimensional systems with long-range ferromagnetic order.     

涂料型La1-xSrxMnO3智能热控涂层的研究

以固相反应法制备了高纯度La0.8Sr0.2MnO3粉体,并以其为基料,磷酸二氢铝为粘结剂,采用涂覆工艺在铝基片上制备了涂料型La0.8Sr0.2MnO3热控涂层.采用XRD、EDS对La0.8Sr0.2MnO3粉体的成分进行了表征,用稳态卡计法测量了涂层在100~100℃温度区间内热辐射率随温度的变化,并测量了涂层的太阳吸收比.研究结果表明:粉体合成过程中,经过1200℃三次热处理制备的La0.8Sr0.2MnO3粉体纯度高,合成的粉体具有均匀的微米级粒径尺寸.通过适当调整浆料中La0.8Sr0.2MnO3粉体所占质量百分比,获得辐射率变化范围大于0.3的热控涂层,该性能与采用烧结工艺制备的La0.8Sr0.2MnO3陶瓷片材料在变温条件下的辐射率变化范围接近.该涂层在航天器热控技术中具有潜在的应用前景.     

高压下纳米La_(0.8)Sr(0.2)MnO_3块状材料的成型及性能研究

在高压条件下制备出了晶粒尺寸为30nm左右的La0.8Sr0.2MnO3块状材料.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)对高压样品的相组成、晶粒尺寸及微观形貌进行了表征;利用显微拉曼光谱仪测量了不同压力下制备出的块状样品在激光功率为400mW时位于100～3000cm-1之内的拉曼光谱.结果表明,高压烧结时样品的晶粒演化受温度和压力的共同影响:300℃以下时,1～3GPa烧结的样品晶粒生长速度随压力的升高而增大,4～5GPa烧结的样品其晶粒生长速度随压力的升高而减小;300℃以上时,其晶粒生长速度随压力和温度的升高而不断增大.测量了高压烧结后纳米La0.8Sr0.2MnO3块状材料的各种物理性能,结果表明,高压烧结后该材料的显微硬度显著提高;当烧结温度为300℃时,不同压力下制得的样品的电阻率随压力的升高呈先减小后增大的趋势;5GPa,300℃时制出的样品在室温下呈典型的铁磁性能.     

异质结构掺锰氧化物（La0.60Sr0．4-xNaxMnO3）的磁电阻研究术

利用掺杂锰氧化物La0.60Sr0.05Na0.05MnO3和La0.60Sr0.15Na0.25MnO3两种块体材料串联焊接成异质结构样品,其磁电阻在不同温度出现两个峰值。得到启示：选取一系列磁电阻峰值在不同温度的材料,制成异质结构样品多层膜,适当调整各层膜厚度的比例,可以使多层膜的磁电阻在一个较宽的温度区间内保持基本稳定,并且有较好的磁场灵敏度,从而成为较好的磁电阻磁场传感器。     

Thermomagnetic Correlation in La0.85-xBixNa0.15MnO3 Soft Ferromagnet due to Nonmagnetic Bi3+ Substitution

Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism - We report the structural, magnetic, and magnetocaloric properties of Bismuth (Bi)-substituted manganite La0.85-xBixNa0.15MnO3 (x=0, 0.1, 0.2,...     

Aluminum oxide formation at Al/La(1-x)Sr(x)MnO3 interface: a computational study for resistance random access memory applications

Resistance random access memory (ReRAM) is emerging as a next-generation nonvolatile memory. One of the most promising materials for the ReRAM application is a composite of a reactive metal [such as aluminum (Al)] and a mixed-valance manganite [such as La(1-x)Ca(x)MnO3 (LCMO) and La(1-x)Sr(x)MnO3 (LSMO)]. One of the current hypotheses regarding the origin of the resistive switching of such systems is a voltage-controlled reversible formation of a high-resistance aluminum oxide (AlO(x)) layer at the Al/LC(S)MO interface through oxygen migration from LC(S)MO. To validate this hypothesis, quantum mechanics (density functional theory) calculations were carried out on an atomistic model of the resistive-switching phenomena at the Al/LSMO interface (the composite systems of Al/LSMO and AlO(x)/LSMO) as well as on the component materials such as Al, AlO(x), LaMnO3, LaMnO(3-delta), La(1-x)Sr(x)MnO3, and La(1-x)Sr(x)MnO(3-delta). The changes in the structure, energy, and electronic structure of these systems during the oxygen vacancy formation in LSMO, the oxygen migration through the Al/LSMO interface, and the AlO(x) formation were investigated.     

(La0.6Dy0.1)Sr0.3MnO3的磁热效应研究

对庞磁电阻材料(La0.6Dy0．1)Sr0.3MnO3的磁热效应进行了研究．通过不同温度下的等温磁化(M-H)曲线的测量和计算，发现伴随铁磁-顺磁(PM—FM)相变出现大的磁热效应，额外的磁性交换作用将导致额外的磁熵变化．结果表明，(La0.6Dy0．1)Sr0.3MnO3可以作为室温下使用的磁制冷工质候选材料．     

Microwave assisted hydrothermal synthesis and magnetocaloric properties of La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 manganite

We report microwave assisted hydrothermal synthesis and magnetocaloric properties of La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 manganite. The synthesized La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 nanoparticles was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and magnetization measurements. The XRD results indicated that La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 nanoparticles have polycrystalline nature with monoclinic structure. FE-SEM results suggested that La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 nanoparticles are assembled into rod like morphology. Magnetization measurements show that La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 nanoparticles exhibit transition temperature (Tc) above room temperature. The maximum magnetic entropy change (deltaS(M))max was found to be 0.52 J/kg K near Tc approximately 325 K at applied magnetc field of 20 kOe. This compound may considered as potential material for magnetic refrigeration near room temperature.