钴-钼废催化剂综合利用研究

对钴－钼废催化剂的综合利用进行研究，确定了回收废催化剂中钴，钼，铝，钾4种元素的工艺路线，采用氢氧化钾浸渍－焙烧法来回收钼，钼的回收率较焙烧－浸取法和碳酸钠浸渍－焙烧法都要高，通过单因素实验和正交实验，确定了钼回收过程的最佳工艺条件，通过单因素实验，找出了铝回收过程的最佳工艺条件，保证了铝在产品合格的基础上有较高的回收率，通过对经济效益进行估算可知，对废催化剂进行综合利用，不仅具有很好的环境效益，而且具有显著的经济效益。     

电镀低应力钴工艺

比较了不同镀钴体系所得镀层的内应力。通过正交试验确定了Ｗａｔｔｓ型镀钴液的最佳工艺条件，并对镀液性能进行测试。     

电解法制备次磷酸钴

研究了以金属钴和次磷酸钠为原料,采用六室电渗析槽电解法制备次磷酸钴的方法.通过实验确定了最佳工艺条件.这种方法制备的次磷酸钴产品纯度高,工艺简单,操作方便,适合大规模生产,同时无废渣、废液产生,属清洁生产.     

磁性废料的利用

研究从钐钴和钕铁硼永磁废料中提取钴和钕的方法，比较不同的提取方法对杂质含量和提取率的影响，提出简单可行、效益良好的工艺条件，钴和钕的回收率均达90％以上。     

均匀沉淀法合成纳米四氧化三钴工艺优化

在均匀沉淀法合成纳米四氧化三钴的过程中，采用了均匀设计方法对合成工艺过程进行优化设计。依据纳米四氧化三钴粒径试验结果，经过回归分析，建立了产物粒径与相关工艺条件的回归方程，由回归系数确定各因素的影响，进而筛选出合成纳米四氧化三钴的最优条件。在优化的条件下得到的纳米四氧化三钴粒径为22nm。     

含钴锌渣的回收利用

介绍了锌冶炼厂废渣中钴的回收工艺，对各步工艺条件进行了探讨。     

电渗析法制备低氯碳酸钴

通常由氯化钴与碳酸钠制备的碳酸钴粉末中氯的含量比较高，而且难以去除，这不利于碳酸钴的广泛应用。研究了在室温下用电渗析法除去碳酸钴粉末中的氯离子的工艺，考察了电位梯度、电渗析时间、电极室溶液更换等因素对氯离子脱除率的影响，优化了实验条件，获得了氯离子质量分数为0．01％的碳酸钴粉末。优化的电渗析工艺条件为：电位梯度5V／cm，在阳极室加入硝酸溶液（0．1mol／L），阴极室加入碳酸钠溶液（0．1mol／L），电渗析时间为2h，并且定时更换阴、阳极室的溶液。     

含钴锌渣的回收利用

介绍了锌冶炼厂废渣中钴的回收工艺，对各步工艺条件进行了探讨。     

钴锰催化剂混合料的回收及系列产品开发

我国钴资源非常贫乏,钴类产品价值较高,回收PTA装置中的钴锰催化剂经济效益显著。而目前的回收工艺还不完善,一般由贵金属冶炼厂回收,工艺路线复杂、消耗大、成本高、回收率低。文中介绍了一种“湿法冶炼”工艺,回收率高、工艺路线简捷、设备投资少,同时还介绍了用“湿法冶练”工艺回收的钴来开发钴系列产品的方法。     

电池级硫酸钴生产工艺研究进展

综述了7种含钴原料生产电池级硫酸钴的工艺技术。含钴原料不同,生产电池级硫酸钴的工艺技术也有较大差别。根据含钴原料特性将含钴原料细分为7种:含钴氧化矿、含钴硫化矿、副产钴渣、含钴合金废料、废钴催化剂、钴中间品、含钴电池废料。以含钴原料为出发点,对各种含钴原料生产电池级硫酸钴的工艺进行了综述。详细介绍和总结了浸出和精炼工艺的进展,并展望了电池级硫酸钴生产工艺的发展方向。     

废金刚石刀具中铜钴镍的回收工艺研究

为了使废金刚石刀具循环再生和综合利用，以废金刚石刀具为原料，通过盐酸浸溶、氧化还原、钴镍分离等过程，系统地研究了金刚石、碳化钨、铜粉、钴粉和镍粉的回收工艺，并优化了最佳工艺参数。结果表明，金属钴和镍的回收率可达96％，而纯度在98％以上。该方法工艺简单，回收率高，经济效益显著。     

镍钴高温合金废料湿法冶金回收

由于高温合金废料中含有大量的镍、钴资源,如何使这些资源再生成为当今的热点话题。由于传统火法处理都存在金属回收率低、产品质量较差、生产成本高、环境污染大等缺点,因此用湿法冶金处理镍钴废料日益受到重视。本文简单介绍了高温合金废料的湿法冶金回收技术,包括合金废料的浸出处理技术和镍钴分离回收技术。     

Reagent Degradation in the Synergistic Solvent Extraction System LIX®63/Versatic™10/Nonyl-4PC

Direct solvent extraction of nickel and cobalt from nitrate-based leach liquors has become of interest due to the successful piloting of nitric acid processes for treating nickel laterite ores. The current study investigated the stability of both hydroxyoxime and nonyl-4PC (nonyl-4-pyridine carboxylate) in LIX 63/Versatic 10/nonyl-4PC under conditions relevant to the recovery of nickel and cobalt from a nitrate-based leach liquor with stripping into sulfuric acid. Nonyl-4PC increased both the rate of hydroxyoxime degradation under the pH 1.5 extract conditions required for a potential nickel–cobalt separation process and the rate of cobalt poisoning of LIX 63. Under strip conditions and the pH 4 extract conditions required for co-extraction of nickel and cobalt, nonyl-4PC did not otherwise affect the rate of hydroxyoxime loss. Additionally, the presence of nitrate anions did not increase the loss of either hydroxyoxime or nonyl-4PC. The combination LIX 63/Versatic 10/nonyl-4PC therefore appears prospective for the co-extraction of nickel and cobalt at pH 4 from nitrate-based leach liquors.     

Simultaneous Recovery of Nickel and Cobalt from Aqueous Solutions using Complexation-Ultrafiltration Process

Simultaneous recovery of nickel and cobalt from aqueous solutions by complexation-ultrafiltration process with polyethylenimine (PEI) was studied. Experiments were performed as a function of polymer/metal ratio (P/M), solution pH, and ionic strength. Effects of concentration time on metal rejection and membrane flux were also studied. At optimum experimental conditions of pH 6.0 and P/M 5.0, the nickel removal efficiency reaches at 99.9% and cobalt removal efficiency goes to 96.4%. Both nickel and cobalt removal efficiencies decreased as the adding salt concentration increases. During 12 h of the ultrafiltration process, the decline of membrane flux was less than 16% and the removal efficiencies for both nickel and cobalt were kept almost constant. Diafiltration was further performed to regenerate PEI. The removal efficiencies for both metals using recycled PEI were found to be close to those with the original PEI. Results from the two-step process of complexation-UF and decomplexation-UF separation showed that it could be a promising method for simultaneous recovery of nickel and cobalt from aqueous solutions.     

含氮杂环化合物与有机酸协同体系在镍、钴萃取分离中的应用

近年来开发了多种含氮杂环化合物与有机酸类萃取剂的协同体系,明显提高了镍、钴的萃取性能,同时增强了对杂质元素的分离效果,具有较大的实际应用价值。本工作综述了一些具有代表性的含氮杂环化合物与有机酸类萃取剂组成的协同萃取体系,探讨了萃取体系对镍、钴的协同萃取效果及与常见杂质元素的分离,并讨论了协同萃取体系潜在的工业应用。协同体系对镍、钴的萃取及对杂质元素的分离主要是由酸性萃取剂本身性质和含氮杂环协萃剂的影响共同决定,有机磺酸、羧酸、膦酸等萃取剂与含氮杂环化合物组成的协同萃取体系在萃取镍、钴的过程中对金属杂质元素分离的选择性不同,在镍、钴的提取及生产过程中也展现出不同的应用价值。     

Separation of cobalt and zinc from concentrated nickel sulfate solutions with Cyanex 272

BACKGROUND: Removal of cobalt and zinc from concentrated nickel solutions separately using two Cyanex 272 circuits has been practised in the nickel industry. However, no detailed study has been conducted and data are scarce for further improvement. This study aims to optimise the operating conditions and to simplify the process flowsheet. RESULTS: With a synthetic solution containing 100 g L^?1 Ni, 1.4 g L^?1 Co and 0.8 g L^?1 Zn and the organic solution containing Cyanex 272 and TBP in Shellsol D70, the operating conditions of extraction, scrubbing and stripping were optimised. McCabe–Thiele diagrams were constructed to determine the theoretical extraction and stripping stages and a flowsheet to separate cobalt and zinc from nickel was proposed. With this flowsheet, more than 99% cobalt and zinc could be separated, resulting in a pure nickel solution with less than 10 mg L^?1 of cobalt and zinc. CONCLUSIONS: The current study shows that Cyanex 272 can be used to separate cobalt and zinc in one Cyanex 272 circuit effectively from concentrated nickel solutions to obtain very pure nickel solutions suitable for nickel electrowinning or hydrogen reduction. The cobalt and zinc in the loaded strip liquor were concentrated over 10 times and can be separated readily in another much smaller solvent extraction circuit. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

Partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas over some titanates based perovskite oxides

Ca_1–x - _x Sr _x TiO₃-based mixed oxide catalysts containing chromium, iron, cobalt or nickel were prepared and used in the oxidation of methane. The catalyst containing cobalt or nickel showed high activity for the synthesis gas production from methane. In the case of nickel containing catalyst, nickel oxide originally separated from the perovskite structure was easily reduced to nickel metal, which showed synthesis gas production activity. In the case of the cobalt containing catalyst, pretreatment with methane was required for high activity. Reduced metallic cobalt was formed from the perovskite structure, which revealed relatively high selectivity for the oxidative coupling of methane, and afforded synthesis gas production. Both the catalysts also catalyzed carbon dioxide reforming of methane and especially both high activity and selectivity were observed over the nickel containing catalyst.     

Separation of nickel from cobalt using electrodialysis in the presence of EDTA

Optimum conditions are determined for the removal of nickel from cobalt solutions by electrodialysis exploiting the greater stability of the EDTA complex with nickel. The Ni–(EDTA)^2– complex and hydrated Co²⁺ ions are transferred from the feed solution to the electrodialysis anolyte and catholyte chambers, respectively. A three compartment cell is required to prevent the transfer of hydrated Ni²⁺ from the anolyte chamber as the EDTA present is destroyed at the anode. Complete removal of nickel from cobalt can be achieved but there is a compromise between cobalt purity and the percentage of cobalt transferred to the catholyte chamber for recovery.     

Process for the Recovery of Cobalt and Nickel from Sulphate Leach Liquors with Saponified Cyanex 272 and D2EHPA

Abstract

In this paper, a process is reported for the recovery of cobalt and nickel from copper raffinate solutions using partially saponified Cyanex 272 and D2EHPA as the extractants. The aqueous feed contains 1.65 g/L cobalt and 16.42 g/L nickel. More than 99.9% cobalt separation was achieved with 0.13 M Cyanex 272 (60% neutralized with alkali) in two counter‐current stages at an aqueous to organic phase ratio of 1.1:1. Co‐extraction of nickel was 0.18% only. Stripping of cobalt from a loaded organic phase was carried out with synthetic spent electrolyte solution at an organic to aqueous phase ratio of 2.5 in two counter‐current stages to generate a pregnant electrolyte solution to produce cobalt metal by electrowinning. Similarly, optimum conditions for nickel extraction with 60% neutralized 1 M D2EHPA at O/A ratio of 1.4 in 2 two stages and stripping of metal with synthetic spent electrolyte at O/A ratio of 1.6 in two stages were standardized. Extraction and stripping efficiencies were >99% and the flowsheet of the process is demonstrated.     

季铵萃取分离钴、镍的生产性实验

在萃取分离钴、镍的基础上,根据串级模拟计算结果合理安排工艺流程,进行了与生产规模相当的生产性实验. 结果表明季铵氯化物萃取分离钴、镍的工艺可行, 稳定可靠, 经济合理. 对氯离子浓度较低的料液, 季铵比叔胺更优越, 特别适合从高镍低钴的低浓度氯化物介质中萃取分离钴、镍.