《机械工程学报》被EI收录论文目次

有序薄膜润滑的速度场张朝辉雒建斌温诗铸(1)提取内燃机燃烧压力高频成分进行压力高频振荡研究舒歌群卫海桥(6)渐开线直齿圆柱齿轮非稳态热弹流润滑分析王优强杨沛然佟景伟等(10)聚合物全三维非稳态非等温多相分层流动成型过程的理论模型和数值模拟周国发孙懋(16)厚壁圆筒安定问题的统一解析解徐栓强俞茂宏(23)     

共注成形充模流动的理论模型和模拟

在共注成形多相分层流动充模成形的机理研究基础上,通过采用通用的Hele-Shaw模型和流体体积技术,推导出用于描述共注成形多相分层流动充模过程的理论模型,并提出了一种稳定有效的求解理论模型的数值方法,还模拟了材料流变性能参数和过程参数对共注成形的影响,建立了这些参数与层间界面和前沿移动界面形貌的关系。模拟研究结果与一些文献的试验结果有较好的吻合。     

稳态三维不可压缩流体非等温有限元模拟

针对幂律型流体,建立了稳态三维粘性不可压缩流体非等温流动的有限元模型。采用罚有限元法将连续性方程引入到动量方程,获得了速度场分布。能量方程采用SUPG(stre-amline upwind/Petrov-Galerkin formulation)方法构造非对称权函数,克服了对流项占优时数值解的失真现象,获得了稳定的温度场分布。以幂律型流体本构关系计算了剪切速率对粘度的影响,采用Arrhenius模型计算了温度对粘度的影响。以幂律型流体矩形截面稳态收敛流动为例,计算了区域内流体的速度和温度分布规律。计算结果表明,经过有限次迭代可获得合理速度场分布,在能量方程出现对流项占优的情况下,即便采用较粗的网格划分,仍能获得稳定的温度场分布。     

基于PG原理的三维注射成形流动数值模拟

采用PSPG法和SUPG法，分别在动量方程、连续性方程和能量方程的权函数中加入摄动因子以消除振荡，建立了速度和压力同次插值的三维流体流动控制方程的稳定有限元求解格式。通过比较该数值模拟方法与现有的商业分析软件Moldflow的计算结果表明，基于PG原理的三维注射成形流动数值模拟软件具有良好的精度和稳定性。     

自动压力凝胶工艺充模过程的三维非等温数值模拟

应用基于控制体积的有限元法（CV／FEM）建立了自动压力凝胶工艺（APG）充模过程的全三维非等温数值模拟模型。并采用透明窗DgnCCD摄像机采集充模过程中树脂流动前沿的图像,与数值模拟结果进行对比验证。对比分析结果显示,在不同的边界条件和不同的充模时刻,数值模拟预测的流动前沿基本上与实验观测所得流动前沿一致。     

应用滑移网格技术分析多级离心泵的三维瞬态流动

运用滑移网格技术、三维非稳态Navier-Stokes方程和标准的k-e湍流模型对工业中常用的D型多级节段式离心泵进行了全三维瞬态流场的数值模拟,分析泵内叶轮与导叶间的动静干扰问题.滑移网格设置在多级离心泵叶轮出口与固定导叶入口之间的交互界面,对每个时间步求解流动方程.对任一个叶轮旋转周期内,分析叶轮径向力、静压等参数出现脉动信号频率与动、静叶片数的关系;分析静、动叶片间静压值沿周向的变化规律.该三维非稳态模拟结果可为多级离心泵的水力优化设计提供依据.     

有限体积法在三维非稳态铝合金挤压过程模拟中的应用

研究基于Euler网格的有限体积法(Finite volume method,FVM)模拟三维大变形非稳态铝型材挤压过程的基本理论和关键技术,应用C语言编制程序求解速度场、温度场等物理场量,并利用运动界面追踪技术--流体体积(Volume of fluid,VOF)方法捕捉材料流动前沿.采用"移动的网格"处理计算区域边界的移动问题,实现对真实物理过程的数值模拟,并将模拟结果与比较成熟的商品化有限元软件DEFORM-3D的模拟结果进行对比,表明所建立的有限体积法模拟模型有效、可靠.结果对比表明,FvM模型的模拟结果更符合实际,证明有限体积法比有限元法更适合大变形挤压过程模拟.     

磨削温度三维分析建模

基于瞬时温度分布和运动非稳定三维热传导微分方程,建立了磨削温度三维分析预测模型。对半无限固体热传导面上瞬时点热源的运动非稳定三维热传导微分方程求解,结合点热源热量计算式,把点热源按三角形分布进行累积叠加,得到的三维非稳态温度域积分方程。对单向导热三角形分布热源热量分布采用反向热传递按序算法得到磨削热量分布方程,用偏微分方程分别描述砂轮与工件及冷却液与工件交互作用时热传导情况,并考虑材料本身的热扩散,采用Gauss-Kronrod求积公式对积分方程进行数值计算,实现温度域的稳态解求解,建立磨削温度三维分析模型。将此模型与有限元模型进行对比,并通过实验进行了验证。     

水辅助注射成型充模流动的仿真与分析

基于现有气体辅助注射成型充模流动模型、非定常流场数学方程和湍流模型,突破未考虑高雷诺数水相区湍流特性、小尺度薄壁建模、初始化壁厚的人为影响以及未考虑熔体前沿喷注效应等局限,建立水辅助注射成型充模流动的仿真模型。比较湍流模型,分析水辅成型多相分层流动界面不稳定现象。针对主要工艺控制参数进行仿真分析。结果表明:结晶性塑料随熔体温度升高、延迟时间缩短、水注射入口流速增大,残留壁厚减小,随延迟时间增加、熔体温度降低和水注射流量的增大,负载压力升高,与水辅成型试验结果相吻合。延迟时间对负载压力影响有限,延迟时间和水注射入口流速对残留壁厚影响显著,且水辅成型负载的压力流量耦合特性明显。由此提出以成型效果为目标的水压系统压力控制优化,是改进水辅成型工艺的重要思路。     

铝型材非稳态挤压有限体积法模拟关键技术研究与应用

采用Euler网格和有限体积法(FVM),建立了铝型材非稳态挤压过程的数值模拟模型,研究了相应的关键技术。利用SIMPLE算法迭代计算得到速度场和压力场,继而计算获得等效应变速率、温度等物理场量;根据上述场量,结合铝型材热挤压的本构方程,进行动力粘度的迭代与刷新;利用VOF(volumeoffluid)方法追踪材料的流动前沿;利用“移动网格技术”解决挤压杆移动所造成的边界移动问题;利用时间步长的自动调整保证模拟的稳定性和高效性。开发了铝型材非稳态挤压有限体积法数值模拟程序,并对典型铝型材挤压过程进行了模拟,验证了所建立的铝型材非稳态挤压过程有限体积法模型及其关键技术的可行性。     

钢塑共挤模具分流段成形过程数值模拟

以聚合物挤出过程模拟的罚有限元模型为基础,采用VC++语言自主开发了模拟软件,对Carreau流体在钢塑共挤模具分流段的流动过程进行模拟,获得模具内聚合物熔体的三维速度场分布,采用SUPG方法求解能量方程,在对流项占优的情况下获得温度场的分布,分析不同体积流量对速度的影响。结果表明实例分析给出钢塑共挤模具内流场的一般规律对模具设计具有一定的指导意义。     

Finite element analysis of fluid flows with moving boundary

The objective of the present study is to analyze the fluid flow with moving boundary using a finite element method. The algorithm uses a fractional step approach that can be used to solve low-speed flow with large density changes due to intense temperature gradients. The explicit Lax-Wendroff scheme is applied to nonlinear convective terms in the momentum equations to prevent checkerboard pressure oscillations. The ALE (Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian) method is adopted for moving grids. The numerical algorithm in the present study is validated for two-dimensional unsteady flow in a driven cavity and a natural convection problem. To extend the present numerical method to engine simulations, a piston-driven intake flow with moving boundary is also simulated. The density, temperature and axial velocity profiles are calculated for the three-dimensional unsteady piston-driven intake flow with density changes due to high inlet fluid temperatures using the present algorithm. The calculated results are in good agreement with other numerical and experimental ones.     

Modeling and simulation of polymer melts flow in the extrusion process of plastic profile with metal insert

The extrusion technology of plastic profile with metal insert is recently an advanced plastic processing method whose products keeps rising today for their excellent performance. However, the related fundamental research on polymer forming mechanism in the extrusion process of plastic profile with metal insert is lagging behind. With the development of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) theory, numerical method becomes an effective way to investigate such complex material forming problems as in the polymer extrusion process. In the present study, the mathematical model for three-dimensional non-isothermal viscous flow of the polymer melts obeying a Carreau model is developed based on the CFD theory. The Williams–Landel–Ferry equation is employed to involve the temperature dependence of material parameters. A decoupled numerical algorithm based on the penalty finite element method is conducted to predict the rheological behaviors of polymer melts within the complex flow channel. The streamline upwind/Petrov–Galerkin scheme is employed to improve the computational stability for the calculation of temperature field. Based on the theoretical model, the essential flow characteristics of polymer melts in the extrusion process of plastic profile with metal insert is investigated. The distributions of principal field variables like flow velocity, melt temperature, flow stress and pressure drop are predicted. The effects of die structure parameters including the intake angle and the distribution section length upon the melts flow patterns are further discussed. The variations of melt rheological properties versus different processing conditions like the volume flow rate and the metal insert moving velocity are also investigated. Some advice on practical processing operations of the extrusion process of plastic profile with metal insert is accordingly put forward based on the numerical results.     

三维线弹性连续体的结构拓扑优化设计

研究了基于水平集模型和SIMP方法的三维线弹性结构的拓扑优化方法，优化模型的目标是结构的柔度最小。引入水平集模型隐含描述具有复杂拓扑关系的三维线弹性结构的几何边界，以材料域的形状为变量进行灵敏度分析，构造水平集方程的速度函数，通过几何边界的演化获得结构的最优形状和拓扑。同时研究了基于SIMP方法的三维连续体结构的拓扑优化设计。对基于水平集模型和SIMP的拓扑优化方法的数值算例进行比较，结果表明，基于水平集的三维结构拓扑优化具有光滑的几何边界，数值算法稳定。     

Moving mesh application for thermal-hydraulic analysis in cable-in-conduit-conductors of KSTAR superconducting magnet

In order to study the thermal-hydraulic behavior of the cable-in-conduit-conductor (CICC), a numerical model has been developed. In the model, the high heat transfer approximation between superconducting strands and supercritical helium is adopted. The strong coupling of heat transfer at the front of normal zone generates a contact discontinuity in temperature and density. In order to obtain the converged numerical solutions, a moving mesh method is used to capture the contact discontinuity in the short front region of the normal zone. The coupled equation is solved using the finite element method with the artificial viscosity term. Details of the numerical implementation are discussed and the validation of the code is performed for comparison of the results with thse of GANDALF and QSAIT.     

海上风力机塔架在风波联合作用下的动力响应数值分析

分析海上风力机塔架复杂的外界载荷工况,研究海上风力机圆筒形塔架在随机风载荷和波浪载荷作用下的动力响应数值分析方法。研究作用在圆筒形塔架上的气动力特别是非定常气动力与雷诺数的关系;应用线性波理论来仿真非规则的海浪,分析作用在圆筒形塔架上的波浪载荷,通过坐标变换,将二维线性波理论扩展为三维线性波理论,相应地,将平面的莫里森(MORISON)波浪力系发展成空间力系,建立波浪力的分析计算模型,以适应三维空间的分析和计算;编制非规则线性波浪力分析程序。用有限元数值分析方法,将圆筒形塔架用空间梁单元建模,求解塔架在风波联合作用下的位移、速度、加速度以及应力响应等。针对一台1.5 MW海上风力机塔架动力响应分析的算例表明：为整个海上风力机系统气动弹性分析、风力机塔架振动分析和疲劳寿命分析等提供实用的分析方法。     

二维无网格伽辽金-有限元耦合方法的研究

论述无网格伽辽金方法（element-free Galerkin method,EFG）的基本原理－－移动最小二乘原理（moving leastsquare,MLS）和EFG方法的位移近似函数，给出变分方程及离散方程。对无网格伽辽金－有限元耦合（EFG－FE coupling）方法进行详细阐述。编制相应程序，通过算例表明拉格朗日乘子对强制边界条件的作用及无网格伽辽金方法在权函数参数变化时的收敛特性，论证无网格伽辽金－有限元耦合的有效性。     

金属成形数值模拟中的接触单元法

给出了一种基于罚函数方法及库仑摩擦规律的点一面接触形式的接触单元法,根据等向滑动函数的概念,推导了粘着接触与滑动接触的接触单元刚度阵,由于这种方法在单元积分点引入接触约束,扩大了接触搜索面积,因而接计算更加稳定。数值计算表明该方法能得到较好的结果。     

NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF LASER-ASSISTED MACHINING OF INCONEL 718

A numerical investigation of laser-assisted machining for Inconel 718 is presented. This study is based on a three-dimensional finite element model, which takes into account a new constitutive law of Inconel 718 as well as friction and heat transfer models at the tool-chip interface that are developed at the Aerospace Manufacturing Technology Centre (AMTC), of the National Research Council of Canada (NRC), Canada. The material flow stress is described as a function of the strain, the strain rate, and the temperature. The friction model accounts for the sticking and the sliding regions observed experimentally. The formulation of the heat transfer model is based on combining contact mechanics analysis with the solution of the thermal contact problem. The laser beam is modeled as a moving heat source, which is experimentally calibrated. To validate the three-dimensional finite element model, laser-assisted machining experiments were designed and carried out under different cutting conditions. The predicted cutting force and chip thickness are compared with the experimental results. The temperature, stress, strain, and strain rate fields in the primary deformation zone are investigated in order to reveal the plastic deformation process under laser-assisted machining operations.