天然油脂抗氧化剂及其产业化应用研究进展

动植物油脂是食品工业中应用极为广泛的一类调味品配料,而油脂氧化是影响食用油脂品质的重要问题之一,天然抗氧化剂对预防油脂氧化效果显著。对近年来天然油脂抗氧化剂的研究进行了总结与综述,重点阐述了天然抗氧化剂的种类、抗氧化机理及在各类油脂中的应用效果,旨在为抗氧化剂在油脂产业化中的应用提供理论指导。     

天然抗氧化剂在食用油脂中的应用

<正> 一,前言近几年来,由于科学技术的发展,更由于人们对合成抗氧化剂的不安全心理,使得国内外油脂工作者加速了对天然抗氧化剂的开发与研究,并取得了可喜的成绩。本文综述了应用油脂储藏的几类天然抗氧化剂。二、油脂中的天然抗氧化剂油脂中天然抗氧化荆含量极微,但可以通过中断过氧化游离基的活性;淬灭单线态氧;或有抗氧化剂的增效作用而具有抗氧化性能,阻止油脂变质。     

几种天然抗氧化剂在鸡油中的应用研究探索

油脂的氧化酸败对于食物风味、营养价值、安全性有着极大的影响,控制油脂氧化酸败对于延长含油脂类食品货架期有重要意义。天然抗氧化剂因其安全性高、来源广泛、抗氧化性强等优势,已经取代了一些人工合成抗氧化剂用于油脂抗氧化。鸡油作为不饱和脂肪含量较高的动物油脂代表,风味独特且应用价值高,其在餐饮和食品生产中的需求量日益上升。文章对α-生育酚、辣椒素、虾青素、β-谷甾醇、天然多糖类物质5种(类)天然抗氧化剂综述了它们对于鸡油等不饱和程度较高的油脂的抗氧化效果、研究进展、应用前景,旨在为天然抗氧化剂与工业化油脂制品的结合提供参考。     

油脂抗氧化剂的研究进展

油脂氧化是影响油脂质量的主要因素,油脂抗氧化剂在油脂储藏和食品加工过程中起作重要的作用。综述了油脂氧化机理、油脂中天然及人工合成抗氧化剂的种类及其抗氧化效果,并提出使用天然抗氧化剂和复配抗氧化剂是油脂工业的发展趋势。     

抗氧化剂对油脂煎炸稳定性的影响研究进展

煎炸过程中,油脂会发生水解、氧化、聚合等一系列化学反应,其中一些反应产物影响着油脂和煎炸食品的安全、健康和保质期。抗氧化剂可以有效抑制油脂的氧化,提高油脂的煎炸稳定性。油脂的煎炸稳定性通常通过测定极性组分、过氧化值、酸价、不饱和脂肪酸以及有害物质的含量等进行评价。结合近年来国内外抗氧化剂应用于油脂的最新研究,系统阐述了抗氧化剂对油脂煎炸稳定性的影响,同时总结了抗氧化剂在油脂煎炸过程中的变化,最后提出抗氧化剂在实际应用中面临的问题,以期为抗氧化剂尤其是天然抗氧化剂在油脂中的应用提供参考。     

食用油天然抗氧化剂的研究与开发

油脂氧化是影响油脂质量的主要因素,油脂抗氧化剂在油脂贮藏和食品加工过程中起着重要的作用,尤其天然抗氧化剂既能解决油脂氧化,又能解决食品安全问题,而且还可以开发保健型食用油脂。本文阐述了油源及非油源、国标及非国标天然抗氧化剂的种类及其抗氧化效率,对尚在研发中的葡萄多酚、花生壳多酚、槐角黄酮、麦冬黄酮等非油源性天然抗氧化剂进行详述,其多兼具多重保健功能,是食用油天然抗氧化剂和复合抗氧化剂的开发方向,以期为天然抗氧化剂的开发和利用提供参考。     

天然抗氧化剂在油脂中的应用研究进展

深入研究和利用自然界中存在的天然抗氧化剂,既能解决油脂氧化,又能解决食品安全问题,而且还可以开发保健型食用油脂。本文阐述了近年来天然抗氧化剂在油脂中的研究,希望可以为天然抗氧化剂的开发和利用提供参考。     

天然抗氧化剂

食品中应用的抗氧化剂最理想的是天然抗氧化剂,例如含油脂、猪油、禽类脂肪、鱼油、植物油的食品中均有,不过所含天然生育酚的量较低。天然抗氧化剂对食品工业很重要,尤其当消费者喜好,而管理机构规定禁用合成抗氧化剂时。生育酚形式的抗氧化剂存     

天然抗氧化剂发展近况

从中草药中天然抗氧化剂的开发、天然抗氧化剂抗氧化效果的评估及其影响因素、天然抗氧化剂之间的相乘作用、天然抗氧化剂对油脂氧化稳定性的促进作用等几方面对天然抗氧化剂的发展近况进行了概述。     

食品中抗氧化剂的发展趋势

综述了食品中油脂氧化的基本过程、天然抗氧化剂的活性成分和抗氧化机理、天然抗氧化剂的开发及不同抗氧化剂协同增效机理和食品抗氧化剂的发展趋势。     

食用猪油保质的研究进展

综述了人工合成抗氧化剂、天然抗氧化剂、复合型抗氧化剂、微生物抗氧化和物理方法在猪油保质研究中应用的原理和现状。发现人工抗氧化剂效果好,但有一定副作用;大部分天然抗氧化剂效果和稳定性不如人工抗氧化剂,且不易分离;物理方法保存无污染但操作繁琐;使用复合抗氧化剂、微生物抗氧化剂效果好,无副作用,使用方便,是猪油保质研究的发展趋势。     

脂溶性天然抗氧化剂的研究进展

随着毒理学研究的不断深入以及公众对食品安全问题关注度的提高,以天然抗氧化剂替代目前市场上使用较多的人工合成抗氧化剂将是今后的发展趋势。除了脂溶性较好的天然抗氧化剂之外,在实际应用时,通过对部分脂溶性较差的天然抗氧化剂进行改性,也可达到提高其脂溶性并增强抗氧化效果的目的。本文综述了几种典型的脂溶性和脂溶改性天然抗氧化剂的研究进展,并对其应用前景进行了展望,旨在为其进一步的开发和利用提供参考。     

天然抗氧化剂及其协同作用

抗氧化剂是指能够减缓或者消除氧化反应的一类物质,根据来源不同,分为天然和合成两大类,常见的天然抗氧化剂有茶多酚、维生素E、槲皮素、虾青素等。研究发现,合成抗氧化剂存在一定的安全问题,而且单一的天然抗氧化剂活性比较低,因此具有高活性以及低细胞毒性的复配抗氧化剂是最近研究的热点。本文对天然抗氧化剂之间复配的机制及研究进展进行了阐述,以期能够对其发展提供一定的参考价值。     

天然复合抗氧剂的研究

对甘草甜素提取后的甘草渣进行连续苹取，革取液浓缩得到具有较强抗氧化性能的提取物．该提取物与另外的天然食品添加剂复配，复合抗氧剂的抗氧化性能明显优于各单一组分的抗氧化性能，具有较强的协同增效作用。采用计算机调优技术——混料回归设计确定复配方案，通过计算机处理数据得出二次多项式回归方程，预测最佳配料比例，然后经实验验证，证明预测准确，确认数学模型具有较高精度，由此确定的复合抗氧剂及其抗氧化性能明显优于目前通用的天然或合成抗氧剂，具有良好的应用前景．     

复配抗氧化剂的研究进展

目前,食品工业主要使用人工合成的抗氧化剂,但因人工合成抗氧化剂的安全性受到怀疑,所以人们开始寻找安全高效的复配抗氧化剂。本文综述了复配抗氧化剂的基本成分,主要有天然黄酮类、酚类、活性多糖类、维生素类以及皂苷单宁类等。阐述了抗氧化剂之间的协同作用机理,有修复再生、偶联氧化、吸收氧气、改变酶的活性和络合金属离子五大类,同时,列出了几种常见抗氧化剂的协同作用:茶多酚与VC、VE以及类胡萝卜素的氧化协同作用;维生素之间以及维生素同酚类和酸类物质之间的氧化协同作用等。同时对近年来天然复配抗氧化剂的新产品进行了概览,指出了目前在复配抗氧化剂研究中存在的一些问题,并对其发展前景进行了展望,希望可以为复配抗氧化剂的开发和利用提供参考。     

Recent Trends in the Use of Natural Antioxidants for Meat and Meat Products

Antioxidants are added to fresh and processed meat and meat products to prevent lipid oxidation, retard development of off‐flavors, and improve color stability. In the food industry, they can be divided into natural and synthetic antioxidants. Synthetic antioxidants have been confirmed for their toxicological and carcinogenic effects. Thus, the food industry now chooses natural products over synthetic ones. This review provides an overview of the current trends in the use of antioxidants from natural sources, for potential applications in meat and meat products. These natural antioxidants contain some active compounds, which exert antioxidative potential in meat and meat products by different mechanisms of action. The efficient extraction of these antioxidants from their natural sources, along with establishing their in vitro and in producto antioxidant activity, has been a great challenge for researchers engaged in this field. Therefore, this review is focused on all these aspects, along with current studies related to this area, to provide in‐depth information to readers.     

Natural antioxidants in meat and poultry products

In response to recent claims that synthetic antioxidants have the potential to cause toxicological effects and consumers' increased interest in purchasing natural products, the meat and poultry industry has been seeking sources of natural antioxidants. Due to their high phenolic compound content, fruits and other plant materials provide a good alternative to conventional antioxidants. Plum, grape seed extract, cranberry, pomegranate, bearberry, pine bark extract, rosemary, oregano, and other spices functions as antioxidants in meat and poultry products. Pomegranate, pine bark extract, cinnamon, and cloves have exhibited stronger antioxidant properties than some synthetic options. Plum products, grape seed extract, pine bark extract, rosemary, and some spices all have been shown to affect the color of finished meat or poultry products; however, in some products such as pork sausage or uncured meats, an increase in red color may be desired. When selecting a natural antioxidant, sensory and quality impact on the product should be considered to achieve desired traits.     

Antioxidants in bakery products: a review

Fats impart taste and texture to the product but it is susceptible to oxidation leading to the development of rancidity and off-flavor. Since ancient times it has been in practice to use antioxidants in foods. Discovery of synthetic antioxidants has revolutionized the use of antioxidants in food. The effect of these antioxidants in bakery products were reviewed and found to be effective in enhancing the shelf life. Animal experimental studies have shown that some of the synthetic antioxidants had toxigenic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic effects. Hence there is an increasing demand for the use of natural antioxidants in foods, especially in bakery products. Some of the natural antioxidants such as alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene, and ascorbic acid were already used in bakery products. These natural antioxidants are found to be effective in enhancing the shelf life of bakery products but not to the extent of synthetic antioxidants. Baking processing steps may lower the antioxidative activity but techniques such as encapsulation of antioxidants can retain their activity. Antioxidative activity of the plant extracts such as garcinia, curcumin, vanillins, and mint were reviewed but studies on their role in bakery products were limited or very few. Hence there is a wide scope for study under this direction in depth.     

国外天然酚类抗氧化剂的研究进展

简述了国外天然酚类抗氧化剂最新研究概况,主要介绍一些当前研究得比较多的、具有较强抗氧化活性的天然提取物,以及天然提取物的各种抗氧化活性试验。     

Plant extracts as natural antioxidants in meat and meat products

Antioxidants are used to minimize the oxidative changes in meat and meat products. Oxidative changes may have negative effects on the quality of meat and meat products, causing changes in their sensory and nutritional properties. Although synthetic antioxidants have already been used but in recent years, the demand for natural antioxidants has been increased mainly because of adverse effects of synthetic antioxidants. Thus most of the recent investigations have been directed towards the identification of natural antioxidants from various plant sources. Plant extracts have been prepared using different solvents and extraction methods. Grape seed, green tea, pine bark, rosemary, pomegranate, nettle and cinnamon have exhibited similar or better antioxidant properties compared to some synthetic ones. This review provides the recent information on plant extracts used as natural antioxidants in meat and meat products, specifically red meat.