多联产能源系统

在21世纪，我国的能源领域面临能源供应、液体燃料短缺、环境污染、温室气体排放和农村能源结构调整五大问题。以煤气化为核心的多联产能源系统是综合解决这五大问题的重要途径。     

多联产能源系统

在21世纪,我国的能源领域面临能源供应、液体燃料短缺、环境污染、温室气体排放和农村能源结构调整五大问题。以煤气化为核心的多联产能源系统是综合解决这五大问题的重要途径。     

水煤气变换反应对多联产系统能源转换效率与温室气体排放的影响

建立并完善了煤基合成气液体燃料/电力多联产仿真和优化模型.应用该模型能准确地预测出系统在不同压力下蒸汽发生潜力和相应的蒸汽循环发电能力.研究了水煤气变换反应器对系统能源转换效率与温室气体排放的影响,其结果对于未来多联产系统设计优化及控制温室气体排放方面研究具有参考价值.图3表3参14     

多联产能源系统与二氧化碳减排

本文提出了中国C O减排切实可行的切入点—燃煤发电行业。燃煤发电行业减排2CO的实施和我国煤炭现代化利用的能源发展战略是密不可分的。以煤气化为基础的多联产能2源系统正是一个可分阶段逐步实施的资源、能源、环境一体化的战略路线。对多联产系统不同发展阶段的多种配置的系统方案3E特性(Energy,Economics,Environment)的详细研究表明,多联产系统具有易于经济高效回收和减排CO的特点,可根据不同时间阶段和不同幅度的2CO减排需求提供不同配置的系统方案,并可逐步过渡到近零排放。基于此,本文提出了实施2多联产能源战略分阶段减排CO的技术工艺、系统方案和研发的初步设想。2     

多联产 核电与中国远期能源规划

近年来在能源方面有许多战略研究,但比较可操作的是加速发展以煤气化为核心的多联产与核电。在电力负荷高峰时,可用于发电;在电力负荷低谷时,可制取替代燃料与氢。该方案可解决我国电力和液体燃料需求这两个关键能源问题,并同时减少常规污染物和温室气体的排放,从而保证能源安全和实现经济可持续发展。     

IGCC多联产总能系统

从能源与环境领域渗透交叉层面、化学Yong梯级利用结合的角度综述IGCC多联产总能系统的研究动态；阐述了多联产系统概念与过程机理。分析了系统集成的关键技术及其应用与发展前景。     

多联产配置是推进我国IGCC系统发展的重要途径

分析了IGCC电站在我国及世界的发展形势,并从经济和技术角度分析了影响其发展的主要因素,重点对多联产系统相对IGCC电站具有更好的经济性和操作灵活性进行分析。提出通过多联产系统来推进IGCC这种清洁煤发电技术发展的观点。     

层次分析法在多联产系统综合性能评价中的应用

按照系统工程方法进行多联产系统的优化设计，应用层次分析法建立了多联产系统综合评价模型，对多种甲醇．电多联产系统方案进行了单项效益和综合效益的计算、分析和评价，进一步证明了多联产方案比单产方案在节能、经济、环境保护方面有较大优势，并指出：在年产甲醇20万t，发电容量300MW的规模下，富CO气体一次通过并联多联产系统（E1）和富CO气体一次通过串联多联产系统（F1）综合效益较高，可以根据实际情况来选取，为系统进一步优化指明了方向。图1表8参10     

具有CO2减排天性的多联产能源系统

我国在不远的将来有必要要承担一定量的CO2减排义务,因此能源发展策略必须尽快考虑分阶段减排CO2的问题。多联产能源系统是一个能源、资源、环境／生态一体化的能源系统,各个发展阶段中的系统方案涵盖了CO2减排的诸多方面。本文将多联产能源系统的发展分为四个阶段,探索了我国切实可行和可持续发展的CO2减排战略路线。     

建立以煤气化为核心的多联产系统

通过对中国能源需求分析和发展趋势预测,指出了：荣炭是中国未来相当长时间内所依赖的主要能源。根据对中国能源一次消费的预测,提出了中国能源产业发展的出路在于建立以煤气化为核心的多联产系统。介绍了煤炭现代化对中国能源发展战略的意义以及可持续发展的能源系统——IDDD＋N原则。     

我国居民生活用能特征研究

本文揭示了我国居民生活能源消费的主要特征:(1)居民生活能源消费量总体呈上升趋势,其在全社会能源消费总量中所占比重却持续下降。(2)城镇和农村居民生活用能特征有很大不同,城镇居民人均生活能源消费量增长极快,农村居民能源消费结构却仍以煤炭为主,引导居民部门能源消费应该对城乡居民有所侧重。(3)各区域居民生活能源利用效率存在明显差异,东部沿海地区能源利用效率最高、中部地区最低,要提高各区域生活能源利用效率,需根据各区域不同用能特征规划能源政策。     

社会主义新农村建设过程中的能源供应问题

党的十六届五中全会提出了建设社会主义新农村的重大历史任务。本文指出了新时期农村能源建设不能延续过去资源耗竭性的发展模式。我国具有丰富的可再生能源资源,发展可再生能源是建设社会主义新农村的有力支撑。最后,分析了制约我国可再生能源资源发展的主要因素,并提出了完善政策法规体系、消除市场障碍、完善资金投入机制和加大宣传力度等建议。     

北方“四位一体”农村能源生态模式的能流分析及其系统评价

以沈阳农业大学中国北方综合能源示范基地内的"四位一体"北方农村能源生态模式为研究对象,根据实际试验数据,运用能流分析的方法,对该系统的3个子系统的能量投人和产出进行了计算、比较和分析.结果表明:该系统的运行情况良好,农业生产结构相对合理,能量相对密集,是一个生产力水平一般、综合效益可观的现代化农业生态系统.在综合分析和评价过程中,发现系统还存在一些不足之处,针对这些不足提出了改进建议.     

我国能源危机的诱因与应对策略

通过对能源危机的表现形式与成因分析,指出能源危机是由于一定时期内能源供应缺乏而严重影响人类社会正常生产和生活的现象,其主要诱因是能源的品种结构、使用成本、环境影响、资源控制、利用技术与效率以及供应的可持续性。我国应对能源危机的策略需要考虑能源资源的合理结构、使用效率、政策调控和环境限制等诸方面因素。     

Dynamic planning,conversion, and management strategy of different renewable energy sources: A Sustainable Solution for Severe Energy Crises in Emerging Economies

Green hydrogen energy is a natural substitute for fuel-based energy and it increases a country's long-term energy safety. Pakistan has been a victim of a severe energy crisis for the past few decades. In this context, this research addresses green hydrogen generation and renewable energy supply (i.e., wind, solar, biomass, public waste, geothermal and small hydropower) as an alternate energy source in Pakistan. The assessment is carried out through a two-step framework (i.e., Fuzzy-AHP and non-parametric DEA). Results show that Pakistan has abundant renewable power capacity from wind, which the light-duty transport in the country can opt. Almost 4.89 billion gallons of fuel are consumed annually in Sindh, whereas Punjab uses up around 6.92 billion gallons of fuel annually, which need to be substituted with 1.63 billion kg and 2.31 billion kg of wind-produced hydrogen, respectively. It has been discovered that solar and wind energy attain the same criterion of weights (i.e., 0.070) in-line with the commercial potential criterion. Besides, wind-generated power is ideal for green hydrogen generation in Pakistan, and the subsequent choice for green hydrogen energy is small hydropower and solar, which are also good for green hydrogen generation in the country. Hence, this research offers a solid recommendation for the use of wind energy, which is ideal for the production of Green Hydrogen energy in the country.     

Technological-economic assessment and optimization of hydrogen-based transportation systems in China: A life cycle perspective

Hydrogen energy is increasingly incorporated into long-distance transportation systems. Whether the coupled hydrogen-based transportation system can achieve a sustainable business operation mode requires quantification of environmental and economic performance by a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis. This study proposes a cost-based life cycle assessment method to evaluate the environmental and economic benefits of hydrogen-based long-distance transportation systems. The innovative cost assessment method introduces internal and external economic costs to conduct a multi-scenario assessment. According to the key factors of mileage, government subsidies and hydrogen fuel prices, this research identifies the key cost component of the hydrogen-based transportation system in China by using a multilevel comparison with cell-driven and oil-fueled vehicles. The results show that hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles are competitive in terms of both fuel costs and environmental costs. As hydrogen costs are expected to be gradually reduced by 43% in the future, hydrogen logistics vehicles and heavy trucks are expected to have better life-cycle economics than other energy vehicles by approximately 2030. Hydrogen buses will outperform other vehicles by approximately 2033, while hydrogen passenger cars will have a reduced life-cycle cost per kilometre within 0.1 CHY/km compared to other vehicles by approximately 2035. Ultimately, fuel consumption, average annual mileage, and hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle policy are three factors that have greater impacts. Policy implications are put forward to implement optimal investment plan for hydrogen transportation systems.     

A techno-economic study for a hydrogen storage system in a microgrid located in baja California,Mexico. Levelized cost of energy for power to gas to power scenarios

In this work a techno economic feasibility study is carried out to implement a Hydrogen based Power to Gas to Power (P2G2P) in a Microgrid, located in a rural area in Baja California, Mexico. The study aims to define the feasibility to store energy throughout seasons with this novel alternative using an electrolyzer to produce green hydrogen from excess renewable energy in winter, to store it during months and re inject it to the grid as electricity by a fuel cell in the high energy demanding season. The Microgrid was modeled in Homer software and simulations of the P2G2P lead to Levelized Cost of Energy data to compare between the P2G2P scenarios and the current diesel-battery based solution to complete the high demand by the community. This study shows that using hydrogen and fuel cells to substitute diesel generators it is possible to reduce CO₂ emissions up to a 27% and that in order for the P2G2P to be cost competitive, the fuel cell should reduce its cost in 50%; confirming that, in the medium to long term, the hydrogen storage system is a coherent alternative towards decarbonization of the distributed energy generation.