HPRF频率步进雷达数字多通道接收研究

频率步进雷达作为一种距离高分辨雷达获得了广泛应用。本文分析了高脉冲重复频率（HPRF）频率步进雷达中频接收机带宽与距离窗口的关系,指出物理多通道接收虽然可以增大雷达搜索范围,但增加了系统复杂性。本文提出一种数字实现多通道接收机的方法,旨在不增加系统设备量前提下,扩大频率步进雷达搜索范围。同时分析了传统多通道数字下变频接收机结构的不足,给出一种基于多相滤波器组的高效实现结构。最后通过仿真验证了该数字多通道接收机设计的正确性和可行性。      

基于行波阵天线的频率分集技术应用方案

传统频率分集技术应用于脉冲多普勒雷达,可以利用频率间的非相参积累来提高雷达作用距离,但提高幅度不大.文中介绍了一种方案,利用行波阵天线频扫角,通过合理规划雷达控制流程,增加了各工作频率下单个脉冲重复频率的相参积累时间,从而有效提高脉冲多普勒雷达作用距离.与传统方案对比,该方案对雷达作用距离有更明显的提高.     

多径条件下雷达探测巡航导弹的性能研究

基于低空巡航导弹等地面高度飞行的事实,在引入多路径球面几何模型的基础上,推导并定义了反应多路径条件下地基雷达探测性能的多路径因子。通过分析多路径因子对探测巡航导弹的影响,提出利用频率分集克服多路径效应探测盲区的方法,并对频率分集克服多路径效应探测盲区的原理进行了分析,最后进行了仿真验证。仿真结果表明,对于探测低空巡航导弹的地基雷达,在一定的距离范围内,采用频率分集可以较好地克服多路径效应探测盲区。     

一种数字化脉冲多普勒天气雷达接收系统

较详细介绍了一种S波段数字化脉冲多普勒天气雷达接收系统的实现。该系统采用了多项数字化技术,包括大动态数字接收机、数字锁相频率合成器、基于直接数字频率合成(DDS)的大动态幅度和多普勒标定等,并对雷达系统多项关键指标实现了数字化检测。取得了十分满意的效果。     

炮瞄雷达改分集体制及对性能的影响

频率分集、脉宽分集、极化分集和波束分集是雷达重要的抗干扰技术，现役炮瞄雷达是我军较早的雷达是我军较早的雷达， 述技术的改造，以提高雷达的抗极化干、抗分布式干扰和提高雷达的探测距离。     

基于频率分集阵列的机载雷达距离模糊杂波抑制方法

针对机载预警雷达运动目标存在距离模糊的问题,该文提出一种基于频率分集阵列体制的空时自适应处理(STAP)距离模糊杂波抑制方法。该方法利用频率分集引入的距离维可控自由度,将距离模糊数反映到信号的导向矢量中,通过将不同距离模糊区域的杂波和目标信号在空间频率域实现分离,并在不同的距离模糊区实现杂波抑制。该方法仅在一个脉冲重复频率下即可实现运动目标检测和距离解模糊,大大提高了机载雷达系统的性能。仿真实验验证了该文方法的有效性。     

频率分集与极化分集网络

本文介绍了一种可以实现极化分集和双频频率分集的微波网络，具有变极化功能，它可以用于雷达系统中抗雨杂波和海杂波干扰，也可为雷达成象提供更多的信息量。     

脉冲多普勒天气雷达解模糊处理

介绍了脉冲多普勒天气雷达解速度模糊和消距离模糊的原理，给出了几种常用解模糊方法的具体算法及其仿真结果，并对不同处理方法的性能进行了比较。描述了在某x波段车载脉冲多普勒天气雷达以通用DSP芯片TMS320C6701为核心的信号处理系统中，采用双脉冲重复频率解模糊的具体实现方法，最后给出了解速度模糊和消距离模糊的实际效果图。     

穿墙生命探测雷达接收技术研究

详细介绍了一种穿墙生命探测雷达接收机所涉及的关键技术,阐述了调频连续波体制雷达发射波形与接收波形的关系以及差拍混频的原理,提出了采用灵敏度频率控制(SFC)技术来抑制主波泄漏信号和近距离墙杂波的解决途径,并对这一关键技术着重进行展开分析,给出了设计思路和实现方式,为此类调频连续波体制雷达提供了一种接收机设计框图和实现方法;最后给出了该雷达接收机实现的一些技术指标。     

频率分集雷达接收机的设计

介绍频率分集雷达接收机的设计原理，分析了频率分集增益与通道数的以及频率分集对检测性能的改善，阐述了与频率分集相关的硬件设计问题。最后给出试飞的结果。     

短脉冲激光微孔制备的双脉冲方法研究

为了提高纳秒短脉冲激光微孔制备的加工效率,采用了一种新颖的双脉冲方法。通过时域脉冲塑形将调Q激光器产生的普通纳秒脉冲变换为具有几十纳秒脉冲时间间隔的双脉冲序列。使用这种双脉冲序列对不锈钢试件进行打孔实验,与传统单脉冲打孔结果对比发现,在一定条件下双脉冲序列能将打孔烧蚀率提高一个数量级以上。实验中研究了脉冲能量、重复频率以及环境气体压力对双脉冲序列烧蚀率的影响,并将脉冲烧蚀率提高的原因归结为材料预加热、材料溶液的加速以及瞬时准真空环境,对各种机制分别进行了讨论。结果表明,采用双脉冲方法替代普通单脉冲进行金属打孔,可以在相同能量密度,相同脉冲重复频率的情况下大幅度提高脉冲烧蚀率,为高效激光微孔制备提供了新方法。     

Channel shortening equalizer for multi-access TH-UWB in the presence of multipath and multiuser interference

In this paper a novel channel shortening equalizer (CSE) for time hopping ultra wideband (TH-UWB) multiple access system with pulse position modulation (PPM) is presented. As UWB channels have very long impulse responses as compared to the narrow pulse width, CSE can reduce the number of correlators. In UWB systems, due to the received pulse that is very similar to the channel impulse response (CIR), the proposed algorithm maximizes the shortening signal to inter-symbol and multiuser interferences ratio (SSINR), defined as the ratio of the received signal energy inside the desired window to the energy in the wall and multiuser interference. The existence of the proposed CSE before correlation receiver decreases the complexity of the receiver architecture by significantly reducing the number of effective channel taps. Further we extend our method to derive general expression for the bit error rate (BER) performance in the presence of inter-symbol and multiuser interferences. Computer simulation results are provided to compare the performance of the proposed method with a MSSNR CSE, lower bound, also known as All-Rake, Partial-Rake, and Selective-Rake in terms of Rake operational temporal windows and BER.     

Receiver channel with resonance-based timing detection for a laser range finder

An integrated receiver channel for a pulsed time-of-flight laser range finder is presented. The receiver operates in a wide dynamic range without gain control. This is achieved by converting the received unipolar pulse to a bipolar waveform already after the optical detector before the signal is fed to amplifier blocks. Thus the nonlinearities of the amplifiers have the minimum effect on the timing point, which is located in the zero crossing of the bipolar pulse. A parallel resonant circuit is used to shape the pulse in the input of the channel, which consists of a cascade of limiting voltage amplifiers followed by a comparator. The measurements show that the receiver has a walk error of 74 ps in the dynamic range of 1:1280. This corresponds to 11 mm in distance. The minimum usable input signal is limited by the noise of the receiver and equals 1.9 /spl mu/A.     

双脉冲激光诱导铝等离子体的双波长干涉诊断

双脉冲激光诱导等离子体在激光加工、元素检测、材料去除等领域有广阔的应用前景和发展空间,对其进行诊断具有重要意义。针对延迟双脉冲激光诱导铝等离子体的作用效果和影响机理,采用双波长干涉法对其时间演化规律展开研究。基于马赫-曾德尔干涉仪搭建了双波长干涉诊断系统,得到了双脉冲激光诱导等离子体干涉图。通过对干涉图的处理和分析,得到了等离子体电子密度随双脉冲激光延迟时间的变化规律。结果表明,随着双脉冲激光延迟时间的增加,第二束脉冲激光对等离子体电子密度的增强效果先加强后减弱。其中,双脉冲激光延迟时间为10 ns时,对等离子体电子密度的增强效果最强,在30 ns时刻,其中心区域平均电子密度可达6.49×1019 cm?3,相较于同等能量单脉冲激光诱导等离子体提升了26%。同时研究了延迟时间对第二束脉冲激光作用机制的影响。研究结果为双脉冲激光诱导等离子体的优化方向提供了参考。     

The limits of extended Kalman filtering for pulse traindeinterleaving

Some signals are transmitted as periodic pulse trains. If more than one pulse train is transmitted over the same communication channel, a challenge is to separate them for source identification at the receiver. This is known as pulse train deinterleaving and is clearly a fundamental problem in the study of discrete-event systems. Frequently, the only relevant information at the receiver is the time of arrival (TOA) data, which is usually contaminated by jitter noise. Perhaps there are also missing or overlapping pulses. In this paper, we present an approach for deinterleaving pulse trains and estimating their periods using an extended Kalman filter (EKF). A naive application of EKF theory is not attractive because of discontinuities in the signal model. Here, a form of smoothing of the discontinuities is proposed so that the EKF approach becomes attractive. The advantage of this EKF approach is that it is less computationally expensive than most previously proposed methods, which are of order N², where N is the number of pulses being processed. The computation required here is of order N. The method proposed appears to give useful results for up to seven or so pulse trains, particularly when there is some a priori information on the pulse frequencies, which can be obtained using computations of order N log N     

多通道数字接收机的设计与实现

为了解决传统模拟中频接收机相位分辨率低等缺点,提出一种基于软件无线电的中频数字接收机技术。针对雷达信号的特点提出了脉宽匹配滤波器的设计方法。采用基于多相滤波的正交变换理论,以及基于脉宽匹配的数字滤波器方法完成了一种五通道中频数字接收机的设计。接收机利用五路高速A/D变换器对输入的模拟信号进行采样,然后将采样数据送入FPGA进行处理,最终完成了每两路信号相位差的提取。实验结果表明系统具有成本低、精度高、结构简单等特点,而且具有一定的工程应用价值。     

Performance of UWB Receivers with Partial CSI Using a Simple Body Area Network Channel Model

Ultra wideband (UWB) communication is a very promising candidate for the use in wireless body area networks (BAN). The high UWB peak data rate allows for medium average data rates in combination with a very low duty cycle, which is the key for a very low power consumption. Devices in a wireless BAN require low complexity. Hence, mainly non-coherent receivers such as energy detector and transmitted-reference receiver are suited. In this paper, the symbol-wise maximum-likelihood (ML) detectors for pulse position modulation (PPM) and transmitted reference pulse amplitude modulation (TR PAM) are derived assuming partial channel state information (CSI) at the receiver. Additionally, also the ML detectors for a combination of PPM and TR PAM are presented. The performance of the derived receiver structures is evaluated using a novel BAN channel model not distinguishing line-of-sight and non line-of-sight situations. This simple channel model is based on 1100 channel measurements in the frequency range between 2 and 8 GHz, which were measured in an anechoic chamber. Using the BAN channel model, performance of the derived receiver structures is evaluated showing that the knowledge of the average power delay profile (APDP) at the receiver improves performance substantially. Requiring only slightly more complexity such receivers are a well suited alternative to non-coherent receivers for the use in a BAN.     

超结构光纤光栅的正交波分复用系统实现方案及接收机串扰分析

解释了超结构光纤光栅(SSFBG)作为脉冲成型滤波器的特性,说明SSFBG能够产生规则的时域矩形光脉冲,在频域上功率谱密度表现为sinc函数的形式.当光波道的频率间隔为码元速率的整数倍时,相邻波长的功率谱零点位于信号波长的中心频率处,频谱正交交叠.研究了一种基于SSFBG的正交波分复用(OWDM)系统,发送端用SSFBG进行脉冲整形,接收端采用窄带滤波器.给出基于理想窄带滤波器和高斯窄带滤波器两种接收机的串扰噪声模型,并得出了仿真结果.结果显示,两种窄带滤波器均可抑制严重的信道串扰,当接收机窄带滤波器通带足够窄时,接收机串扰比信道串扰降低约10 dB;理想窄带滤波器优于高斯窄带滤波器2～5 dB.     

IEEE802.15.3a信道模型改造方法的研究

提出一种基于ARake(All Rake)接收机思想的UWB(Ultra-Wide Band)信道模型改造方法。该方法根据UWB系统脉冲成形方案的具体要求，将IEEE802．15．3a标准信道模型改造为具有特定中心频率和多径分辨率的抽头延时线模型。改造后的信道模型为系统设计提供了指导信息，并简化了系统性能分析和仿真。针对典型UWB成形脉冲给出改造实例，对改造后信道模型的统计特征进行了分析。     

DBF及脉冲追赶技术在双基地雷达中的应用

分析了数字波束形成的一般原理和通道校正算法，以及脉冲追赶技术原理及双基地雷达空间同步方法，并且介绍了一种数字波束形成及脉冲追赶模块及其在某双基地雷达中的应用。