Effects of Birefringence Within Ice Sheets on Obliquely Propagating Radio Waves

In this paper, effects of birefringence on radio waves obliquely propagating though polar ice sheets are examined to facilitate interpretations of bistatic and side-looking radar data. A formalism applicable for arbitrary radar configurations is developed to predict the returned power from within and beneath the ice sheets that have arbitrary alignments of ice crystals (ice fabrics). We applied this formalism to a range of ice fabrics found in ice cores and assessed the effects of birefringence in terms of ray-path configurations, ice fabrics, and radar frequency. Predicted frequency dependence of the bed return power replicates prominent features observed at Greenland NGRIP ice-core site. Results show that birefringence in ice of 1 km or more thickness with strong (weak) fabric can reduce the power returned from the bed 2 dB or more at frequencies higher than 200 MHz (20 MHz) as compared to isotropic ice. This suggests that quantitative interpretation of the power returned from the bed requires careful assessment of birefringence almost everywhere over the ice sheets. Application of this formalism also suggests a radar-frequency range usable for attenuation measurements, possible effects of fabric on synthetic aperture radar processing, and a feasibility of remote sensing of ice fabric.     

双各向异性手征Ω介质板中电磁波的传输特性

应用广义谱域指数矩阵方法，本文研究了单层和双层双向向异性手征Ω介质板在斜入射电磁波的照射下的反射和透射性。重点分析了由于Ω单元不同取向引起 反射和透射波中的交叉极化转换效应，和不同本构参数对反射、透射系数的影响。     

Plane Waves Propagating in Chiral Plasma and Chiral Ferrite Media

Plane wave propagation in chiral plasma and chiral ferrite media is studied in kDB coordinate system. General wave equations and characteristic equations of plane waves propagating along an arbitrary direction in chiral plasma and in chiral ferrites are derived in simple formulations respectively. Four wavenumbers and their corresponding dispersion characteristics are resulted for propagation both along and normal to the biasing magnetic field. When plane wave with negative helicity propagates along the biasing magnetic field in chiral ferrites, backward waves emerge. However backward waves occur with both positive and negative helicities when propagating along the biasing magnetic field in chiral plasma.     

Propagation of Surface Waves on an Inhomogeneous Plane Layer

The permittivity of a plane layer is assumed to vary continuously as a function of distance measured from the surface. Solutions for the field distributions of surface waves on the inhomogeneous layer are developed with the WKB technique. Transcendental equations for the phase velocity are derived for TE and TM modes. These equations are solved most conveniently with the aid of phase-velocity graphs which are included. The accuracy of the solution is verified by comparison with the rigorous solution for an exponential inhomogeneity.     

平面波在任意磁化方向旋磁媒质中传播时的极化特性

在铁氧体基片平面电路和发射天线中必须研究平面波在任意磁化方向旋磁媒质中的传播。这时平面波的特征波为ＴＥ波,其磁通密度、磁场、电通密度、电场的极化是不相同的,磁场的极化方向为左、右椭圆极化。     

高阶模式兰姆波色散特性测量研究

由于设计超高频兰姆波微传感器的需要,该文测量并分析了通过叉指换能器激发高阶模式兰姆波的传播特性。在建立测量系统的基础上,通过时域频域转换法获得了高阶模式兰姆波的色散特性。该系统可自动测量兰姆波的幅频响应与相频响应。再通过反傅里叶变换,获得器件的脉冲响应特性。进而在频域中区分不同模式,并通过傅里叶变换获得兰姆波色散曲线。由于高阶模式兰姆波的相速度远大于表面波的速度,因此基于此设计的振荡器频率更高,传感器更灵敏。     

弹性波在受拉钢绞线中传播的耦合与衰减

基于超声波的无损检测方法在钢绞线健康监测检中得到了越来越多的关注。目前大多数研究将钢绞线视为整体来研究弹性波在其中的传播特性,而很少研究弹性波在钢丝绞线间的传递及相互耦合。该文从单根钢丝的角度出发,分别通过仿真和实验的方法,在外围单根钢丝线中激励弹性波,测量其余钢丝线中的响应,分析弹性波在钢丝线间的传递关系。仿真和实验结果表明,在受拉钢绞线中,弹性波从激励钢丝线到其余钢丝线的传递率相同,与几何位置无关。随后改变信号接收位置,得到了弹性波随传播距离呈指数衰减的规律。     

瞬态电磁波在磁化等离子体中传播与散射的FDTD方法

本文从磁化等离子体中电子的广义运动方程出发，给出了一套ＦＤＴＤ计算公式，克服了卷积递归法不适用于直流入射以及小信号近似的缺点，其正确性由数值计算结果得到验证。     

近地面层湍流大气中光传输到达角起伏实验研究

为研究不同气象条件下近地面层湍流大气对光传输到达角起伏的影响,在校园内一块较平坦草地上开展了光传输实验。 采用半导体激光器作为光源,传输60 m至接收端,使用焦距为1300 mm的望远镜接收后由CCD相机采集光点灰度图片。 根据灰度图片上光点位置计算传输路径上的大气湍流折射结构常数$C_n^2$以及垂直、水平两个方向到达角 (Angle of arrival, AoA)起伏方差的比值。同时测量了传输路径附近的温度、风速等气象数据,计算稳定 度参数Richardson数。结果表明, Richardson数大于临界值0.25时,垂直、水平到达角起伏方差比值均 大于1.0; Richardson 数小于0.25时,垂直、水平到达角起伏方差比值在1.0左右起伏。由此可以看到, 稳定层结条件下,湍流表现为各向异性特征;不稳定层结条件下,湍流表现为各向同性特征。     

Extraction of the Inversion and Accumulation Layer Mobilities in n-Channel Trench DMOSFETs

A new method to extract both the inversion and accumulation layer mobilities of electrons in n-channel trench double-diffused MOSFETs (DMOSFETs) is proposed and implemented for the first time. First, a model is developed for the on-resistance of the n-channel trench DMOSFET. This on-resistance model is fitted to the experimental data measured from an experimental n-channel trench DMOSFET by the method of linear least squares fitting. A very good fit is obtained such that the average percentage error between the model curve and the experimental on-resistance is less than$pm$1%. The fitting parameters obtained are used to calculate the inversion and accumulation layer mobilities as a function of a wide range of effective electric field. The calculated mobilities agree with those previously reported for conventional MOSFETs. The results are useful for optimizing the performance and reliability of the trench DMOSFETs.     

平面波导基模的衍射特性

在平面坐标系中简化电磁波的瑞利-索末菲标量衍射积分公式，推导出折射率对称阶跃分布的介质平面波导的基模衍射场分布的计算公式，给出由sinc函数形式描述的端口衍射场空间频谱和光强分布。首次提出介质平面波导衍射场存在中央亮条纹的概念，中央亮条纹的功率大于波导总功率的99.49%，中央亮条纹的最大空间频率介于π和1.5π，它可用于计算中央亮条纹的角半径。     

矩形贴片天线基模和高次模的研究和利用

对矩形贴片天线的基模和高次模进行了研究。研究表明,矩形贴片天线的基模和高次模都具有良好的辐射性能。据此提出了同时利用天线的基模和高次模来实现高性能的大频差双频段天线的思路。本文研究为实现性能优良的双频段大频差天线提供了一种新的思路。     

Spatial Distribution of the Amplitudes of Electromagnetic Waves Propagating in a Bounded Multilayer Structure with Periodic Irregularity

The step-by-step method is used for the analysis of propagation of electromagnetic waves in a multilayer structure of a finite length with periodic irregularities of the permittivity, permeability, and conductivity. The distribution of the wave amplitudes in the structure layers is considered and two its main types, sinusoidal and exponential, are revealed. Passbands and stopbands in frequency dependences of reflection and transmission coefficients are found. Parameters of these passbands and stopbands are determined by the combination of the periodicity of irregularities and the finiteness of the structure length. In the case of the tensor permeability, an additional stopband caused by gyrotropic properties of the magnetic medium is found. For the case of a conducting medium, the excess of the normalized amplitude of propagating waves over the unit level is considered and possible factors that cause its appearance are discussed.     

Proper and Improper Complex Waves of a Circular Two-Layer Screened Waveguide with an Axial Longitudinally Magnetized Ferrite Layer

In a two-layer circular screened waveguide with a longitudinally magnetized inner ferrite layer, the presence of different types of complex waves (CWs) both satisfying and not satisfying the energetic orthogonality condition is shown. The CWs are the solutions of a homogeneous boundary value problem, but, in the first case, the waves are energetically independent and, in the second case, they are associated with the source and indirectly coupled through it.     

Koch岛分形天线基模和高次模研究

主要研究了Koch岛分形天线的基模和高次模。研究表明,Koch岛分形天线高次模和基模都具有良好的辐射性能,且2种模式频比可达4.6∶1。基模的电流分布在天线的中间区域;高次模的电流分布在分形不规则的边界,形成强烈谐振。对Koch岛分形天线的基模和高次模的深入研究,为设计出性能优良的大频差天线打下了基础。     

薄膜SOI结构中反型层厚度与薄膜厚度的关系

本文从理论上分析了薄膜SOI结构中反型层厚度与薄膜厚度的关系。为设计薄膜MOS/SOI器件引进了一个新的参数──薄膜整体反型临界厚度。分析认为,为使超薄膜MOS/SOI器件高速和高功率工作,有必要使薄膜厚度接近整体强反型临界厚度。     

Measurement of Layer Thickness and Permittivity Using a New Multilayer Model From GPR Data

The conventional method, i.e., the common middle point (CMP) method, has been used for many years for estimating the depth and permittivity of layered media from ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data. However, the CMP method results in noticeable errors in thickness and permittivity readings with the increase of antenna separation. To improve the measurement accuracy, a new mathematical model is presented, covering GPR measurement in one- and two-layer cases. In this model, we first check all the possible wave paths when the GPR signal propagates in the multilayer environment. We not only consider the effects from the air-ground interface but also introduce a ray-path-searching process in the GPR measurement using Fermat's shortest path law. The shortest path is then used in the process of GPR data inversion in order to calculate the depth and permittivity of each layer. Finally, we use the transmission-line matrix (TLM) method to simulate the propagation of a GPR signal in the multilayered formation. A time-sequence image that was produced by the finite-difference time-domain method has also been used to explain this presented model. By comparing the numerical simulation results with the measured results, it is found that the estimated layer thickness and permittivity by the new model agree well with the simulated results. It proves that the new model is more accurate and closer to the real measured situation.     

有液体层负载时压电薄板中兰姆波的传播特性

对有液体层风载时压电薄板中兰姆波的传播特性进行了理论研究和数值分析,给出了兰姆波相速、叉指换能器激发兰姆波的机电耦合系数与压电薄板及液体层归一化厚度之间的关系曲线,同时,还探讨了压电薄板的晶体取向和电边界件对兰姆波特性的影响。文中给出了结果,较全面地描述了有液体层负载时压电薄板中兰姆波的传播特性。     

Stability Analysis of Injection-Locked Oscillators in Their Fundamental Mode of Operation

Phase-lock stability of fundamental-wave injection-synchronized oscillators is investigated on the basis of a new time-domain approach. Starting from a quite general oscillator modeling and assuming single-frequency quasi-static operation, both exact and first-order approximate stability criteria are derived in a fully analytical form suitable for computer implementation. The examples worked out demonstrate good agreement of this theory with experimental observations available in the literature on multiple-tuned oscillators, whose behavior under large-signal injection was so far predictable only through graphical methods.     

6H-SiC反型层电子迁移率的MonteCarlo模拟

用单电子Monte Carlo方法对6H-SiC反型层的电子迁移率进行了模拟,在模拟中采用了一种新的综合的库仑散射的模型,该模型考虑了栅氧化层电荷、界面态电荷、沟道电离杂质电荷的作用以及它们之间的相关性.Monte Carlo模拟的结果表明,当表面有效横向电场高于1.5×10⁵V/cm时,表面粗糙散射在SiC反型层中起主要作用,而当有效横向电场小于该值时,沟道散射以库仑散射为主.