含二乙氨基苯基三取代结构双光子聚合引发剂的合成

合成了一种新型三取代结构的双光子聚合引发剂1,3,5-三[4-(N,N-二乙氨基)苯基]乙烯基]苯基]苯(4),通过元素分析、电喷雾质谱、1 H NMR和红外谱对其进行表征。测试了紫外吸收光谱、单光子荧光光谱和双光子荧光光谱,并测出其双光子吸收截面为9.87×10-48cm4.s/photon。利用合成的1,3,5-三[4-(N,N-二乙氨基)苯基]乙烯基]苯基]苯作双光子聚合引发剂,以甲基丙烯酸甲酯齐聚物作单体(CN120C80),200fs,76MHz、Ti:sapphire飞秒激光器作光源,进行了三维周期微结构的制作。所合成化合物是潜在应用前景的双光子吸收材料。     

一种三取代结构双光子吸收材料的合成

合成了一种新型三取代结构的双光子吸收材料1,3,5-三[4-[2-(3-吡啶)乙烯基]苯基]苯(4),通过元素分析、电喷雾质谱、1HNMR和红外对其进行表征。测试了紫外吸收光谱、单光子荧光光谱和双光子荧光光谱,并测出其双光子吸收截面为7.63×10-48cm4.s.photon-1。利用合成的1,3,5-三[4-[2-(3-吡啶)乙烯基]苯基]苯作引发剂,以甲基丙烯酸甲酯齐聚物作单体(CN120C80),200fs,76MHz、Ti∶sapphire飞秒激光器作光源,进行了三维周期微结构的制作。所合成化合物是潜在应用前景的双光子吸收材料。     

三苯胺多枝化合物的合成及其荧光性质

采用Heck反应合成了2个三苯胺多枝化合物N,N,N-三{5-(4-叔丁基苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-苯乙烯基-4-苯基}胺(化合物1)和N,N,N-三[4-{2-(3,5-二-[5-(4-叔丁基苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-]苯基}-1-乙烯基}苯基}胺(化合物2),并测定了它们的吸收光谱、单光子荧光光谱和双光子荧光光谱.化合物1和2在二氯甲烷溶液中单光子荧光发射峰分别位在536和487nm.在锁模Nd:YAG激光器800nm激光照射下,化合物1和2发射出很强的双光子上转换荧光,其最大波长分别在541和518nm.     

两个新型芳香四元羧酸的合成及荧光性质

以1,4-二溴苯,二苯胺等为原料经Buchwald-Hartwig芳胺化、溴化、Suzuki偶联、Heck和水解等反应合成两个新型长链芳香四元羧酸,即N,N,N’,N’-四[4-(4’-羧基)联苯基]-1,4-苯二胺(4)和N,N,N’,N’-四[4-(2-羧基乙烯基)苯基]-1,4-苯二胺(6)。其结构经1 H NMR,13 C NMR和高分辨质谱表征。通过UV-Vis和荧光光谱(FL)考察了目标产物的光物理性能。结果表明,化合物4和6紫外吸收峰分别为254,360和254,374nm,分别以360和374nm为激发波长,化合物4和6的钠盐水溶液的最大发射波长分别为530和525nm,具有发绿光的性质,同时也有较好的荧光量子效率。     

一种新型喹唑啉荧光化合物的合成及性能研究

以5-氯-2-氨基苯甲酸和邻苯二胺为原料,经两步缩合反应,合成了目标化合物,6-氯-2-[5-氯-2-(4-对甲苯磺酰胺基)]苯基-[3,4]-苯并咪唑-[1,3]-喹唑啉(化合物B)。通过核磁共振氢谱(1 H-NMR)、质谱(MS)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和元素分析确定了目标化合物的结构。借助紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱和热重分析研究了它的光学和热学性能。结果表明,目标化合物在紫外光激发下显示出很强的绿色荧光发射能力,同时具有很大的斯托克斯位移(Stokes Shift)和良好的光、热稳定性,有望在荧光防伪技术中得到潜在应用。     

两种新型咔唑类双光子光聚合引发剂的合成与光学性质

报道了两种新型的咔唑类双光子光聚合引发剂,3,6-双[2-（4-吡啶基）乙烯基]-9-苯基咔唑（1） 和 3,6-双[2-（2-吡啶基）乙烯基]-9-苯基咔唑（2）,它们是通过钯催化的Heck偶连反应合成得到,并用元素分析,红外光谱,核磁共振氢谱和电喷雾电离质谱等对它们进行了全面的表征.这两个A-π-D-π-A结构的咔唑衍生物具有很好的单光子和双光子荧光行为,我们也详细研究了它们的溶剂效应和作为双光子引发剂用于微结构的制备,并讨论了它们的引发聚合的机理.     

对头孢匹胺合成工艺的研究

旧的探讨第3代头孢类抗菌药物——头孢匹胺的合成工艺。方法：以4-羟基-6-甲基-2-吡喃酮为原料合成（2R）-2-【（4-羟基-6-甲基-3-吡啶）甲酰胺基-2-（4-羟基苯基）乙酸,再与侧链（6R,7R）-3-[（-甲基-lH-四唑-5-基）硫基1-7-氨基-8氧代-5-硫杂-1-氮杂双环[4,2,0]辛-2-烯-2-羧酸（7-ACA-MMT）反应合成得最终产品头孢匹胺。结果反应总收率为19．42％,化合物经过核共振氢谱（H-NMR）,红外图谱（IR）确证结构为头孢匹胺。结论：头孢匹胺的合成工艺确定增强了产率．提高了效率。     

新型荧光材料CrH-1L bipy·2H2O的合成与表征

以二水合-[N，N′-双（2-苯胺基）乙二酰胺]合铬和a、a′-联吡啶（bipy）为原料合成了一种新型荧光材料，并用元素分析、红外、紫外、核磁共象等进行了表征，通过对其荧光性能的研究，证明该化合物是一种较好的新型荧光材料。     

新型三苯胺树枝分子的合成及荧光发射性质

采用Wittig-Horner反应合成了一种新型三苯胺树枝分子1,2,4,5-四{4-{N,N-双{4-{4-[5-(4-叔丁基苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑-2]苯乙烯基}苯基}氨基}苯乙烯基}苯(TPAB-OXA),并测定了化合物TPAB-OXA在不同溶剂中的紫外吸收光谱、荧光发射光谱及量子产率、荧光寿命.在二氯甲烷中...     

[1,3,4]-噁二唑衍生物的固相合成及其线性、非线性光谱性质

用固相法合成了2个噁二唑衍生物类有机化合物:5-(4-叔丁基苯基)-[1,3,4]噁二唑-2-苯乙烯基-4-苯基-二苯胺 (化合物1)与9-乙基-3,6-双{5-(4-叔丁基苯基)-[1,3,4] 噁二唑-2-苯乙烯基}-咔唑 (化合物2),并测定了它们的吸收光谱、单光子荧光光谱和双光子荧光光谱.化合物1和2在二氯甲烷溶液中单光子荧光发射峰分别位于519和476nm.在锁模Nd∶YAG激光器800nm激光照射下,化合物1和2发射出很强的双光子上转换荧光,其最大波长分别在520和485nm.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...