一系定位刚度对转向架群配置高速货运动车组车辆动力学性能影响研究

为了提高我国铁路对大型、重型、贵重货物的快捷高效运输能力,中车唐山机车车辆有限公司研发了转向架群配置的高速货运动车组.基于多体系统动力学理论,建立了转向架群配置的高速货运动车组车辆系统动力学模型,确定了转向架群配置高速货运动车组车辆的非线性临界速度,研究了一系定位刚度对车辆运行非线性临界速度的影响;同时,利用建立的模型研究了一系定位刚度对车辆运行安全性指标以及平稳性指标的影响.研究结果表明,非线性临界速度随着一系纵向定位刚度的增加先增大后减小,而随着一系横向定位刚度的增加整体呈现减小趋势;车辆横向运行平稳性指标随着一系纵向定位刚度的增加有所增加,而垂向平稳性指标基本保持不变;一系横向定位刚度对车辆运行平稳性指标影响不明显.     

基于远程通信技术的车辆安全监测系统设计

为了满足车辆安全监测的需要,设计了一种基于远程通信技术的车辆安全监测系统。该系统使用以Cortex-M3为内核的STM32F103单片机控制GSM模块和各个传感器,利用GPS模块实现对车辆的位置定位,并采用OV7670摄像头进行图像拍摄,实现对特定状况下车辆的监视取证。手机用户和电脑用户可分别通过手机APP与电脑Web页面实现对车辆信息的实时监测。此外,该系统还具备烟雾火焰监测以及语音警告提醒功能。该车辆安全监测系统的定位精度和监测灵敏度高,通信实时性和可靠性强。     

基于GPS与GPRS通信的车辆主动防盗报警系统

设计了一套车辆主动报警系统,借助于无线通讯网络数据通道,通过GPRS以短消息和彩信形式作为数据传输方式,实现实时防盗报警功能。系统不仅利用多传感器对车辆状况的实时监控,还增加了现场图像实时采集,并借助于GPS全球定位系统进行车辆位置数据的采集,经过多次试验验证,系统完全能满足实时车辆防盗报警功能要求。     

逻辑图自动生成研究

本文提出一种逻辑图自动生成的策略,并在LOD系统中得到实用.利用功能或结构信息进行结构优化,对触发器等元件以宏单元形式出现;横向上网格化,由输入到输出逐级定位,纵向上利用PO锥,按连接关系来定位;使用通道进行走线.横向的网格化和纵向的连续性相结合,使得作出的逻辑图层次分明,可读性及美观性都满足要求。     

基于ZigBee和GSM的远程车辆防盗报警系统

针对小区停车场车辆被盗和现今汽车防盗报警产品的短距离报警与低可靠性等缺点,设计了基于ZigBee和GSM的车辆防盗报警系统．该系统利用多传感器技术对停车场内的车辆实时监测,将报警信息通过短距离无线通信网络和GSM短信平台发送至车主和停车场管理室,实现了短距离无线数据发送和远程报警功能．     

ARM7智能公交车载系统的设计与实现

设计一种智能公交车载系统,并给出了系统的软件和硬件设计方案,该系统以LPC2103为控制核心,通过GPS对车辆的状态信息进行实时采集及分析,采用SD卡作为存储介质,实现公交车的自动定位、语音自动报站、自动记录行驶信息和故障报警等功能;利用ZigBee无线通信模块组成一个智能监控网络实现实时监控与管理.最后,针对公交车载系统接入站牌系统存在高失败率的问题,提出改进的措施和方法.     

Sensor Web支持下的租赁车辆远程监控系统设计与实现

对于大型的租赁公司来说,租赁车辆类型多种多样,不同车型安装的定位设备多来自于不同的生产商,这些设备在数据传输协议和数据存储格式上存在很大差异,导致资源难以互通互联。现有的关于租赁车辆远程监控方案只是针对单一定位设备进行数据管理,难以实现多源定位设备获取数据的融合。为解决以上问题,开展多源定位设备接入管理研究,构建一个兼容多源定位设备的租赁车辆远程监控系统。通过对GT220和GT710这两种来自不同厂商的定位设备建模注册,利用Sensor Web标准中的传感器观测服务（SOS,Sensor Observation Service）对多源定位设备及其观测信息进行统一管理;基于Java、AJAX、MINA框架等技术研发了租赁车辆远程监控系统;基于HTML、CSS、JavaScript等技术开发了简洁友好的前端监控页面,实现了车辆实时位置查询、历史轨迹回放、电子围栏报警等功能。对GT220和GT710两种定位设备的仿真实验表明,该系统能准确获取租赁车辆的定位信息,并实现实时跟踪、越界报警。     

一种基于89C51对机动车辆超速的监测报警系统

为了降低车辆超速造成的交通事故,设计了一种利用89C51单片机对机动车超速行驶情况进行蜂鸣报警和灯光报警的系统。详细阐述了系统的总体设计方案,给出了界面模块与89C51接口电路,最后介绍了软件设计方法及程序流程图。     

基于LabVIEW图像法车牌智能识别系统

车辆牌照自动识别是实现交通管理智能化的重要环节,设计中利用图像采集卡对经过的车辆车牌进行图像采集并传送至计算机,采用美国NI公司LabVIEW软件,实现图像预处理、图像去噪以及图像增强等功能;然后根据车牌颜色特征对其准确定位,采用阈值法分割车牌字符;最后由OCR函数来识别字符,识别结果保存至相应数据中,可以进行相应的违章、违规智能交通管理,经实验该系统成功实现车牌识别识别率达99%。     

预防汽车追尾系统设计

介绍了预防公路追尾碰撞报警系统,系统由信息采集单元、中央控制单元、报警电路和显示输出单元构成.信息采集单元由4种传感器完成对车辆运行状态信号的采集,中央控制单元对输入信息进行分析、处理.完成防碰撞预测与判断功能,报警电路产生警报,提醒驾驶员采取措施以避免追尾碰撞事故发生.系统还具备显示功能.     

Accident responsibility identification model for Internet of Vehicles based on lightweight blockchain

The rapid development of autonomous vehicle technology has brought a new experience to people's daily travel. However, if a traffic accident involving autonomous vehicles occurs, it will face difficulties in vehicle accident forensic-preservation, leakage of vehicle owner's privacy, and identifying legal liabilities. This article proposes an accident responsibility identification model for the Internet of Vehicles based on lightweight blockchain to solve the above problems. This model uses Car Forensics Master to collect evidence from the accident vehicle, and at the same time collects evidence from maintenance service providers, automobile manufacturers, transportation management departments, insurance companies, and other vehicle accident related parties and stores them in the preservation chain. We also use VPKI to protect the autonomous vehicle identity privacy. In order to improve the efficiency of the model and set up authorized access to related entities, the identification of accident liability is jointly completed by the preservation chain and the accident identification chain. In addition, we prove that the protocol proposed in the model has ideal security properties. Finally, we implement the smart contracts in the model through the Solidity language, and evaluate its performance.     

基于BP 神经网络的车祸库预警技术

针对如何有效预测车祸发生的可能性,从而达到车祸预警的目的,提出了一种新的车祸预警方法：通过建立车辆的车祸库,并结合BP神经网络技术达到车祸库预警目的。先构建合适的BP神经网络,再用车祸特征信息训练BP神经网络,训练好的BP神经网络就具有判断发生该类型车祸可能性的能力,最后把车辆行驶信息输入到已训练好的BP神经网络,就可以预测发生该类型车祸的可能性。用Matlab7．0．1进行了该方法的仿真实验,仿真结果表明该方法具有一定的可行性和有效性。     

An analysis of 'looked but failed to see' accidents involving parked police vehicles

Drivers who collide with a vehicle that is parked on the hard shoulder of a motorway or dual-carriageway sometimes claim not to have seen it before the collision. Previous research into vehicle conspicuity has taken such 'looked but failed to see' claims at face value, and concentrated on attempting to remedy the problem by making vehicles more conspicuous in sensory terms. However, the present study describes investigations into accidents of this kind which have involved stationary police cars, vehicles which are objectively highly conspicuous. Two laboratory studies showed that experienced drivers viewing a film of dual-carriageway driving were slower to respond to a parked police car as a 'hazard' if it was parked directly in the direction of travel than if it was parked at an angle; this effect was more pronounced when the driver's attention was distracted with a secondary reasoning task. Taken together with the accident reports, these results suggest that 'looked but failed to see' accidents may arise not because the parked vehicle is difficult to see, but for more cognitive reasons, such as vigilance failure, or possession by the driver of a 'false hypothesis' about the road conditions ahead. An emergency vehicle parked in the direction of travel, with only its blue lights flashing, may encourage drivers to believe that the vehicle is moving rather than stationary. Parking at an angle in the road, and avoiding the use of blue lights alone while parked, are two steps that drivers of parked emergency vehicles should consider taking in order to alert approaching drivers to the fact that a stationary vehicle is ahead.     

An analysis of 'looked but failed to see' accidents involving parked police vehicles

Drivers who collide with a vehicle that is parked on the hard shoulder of a motorway or dual-carriageway sometimes claim not to have seen it before the collision. Previous research into vehicle conspicuity has taken such ‘looked but failed to see’ claims at face value, and concentrated on attempting to remedy the problem by making vehicles more conspicuous in sensory terms. However, the present study describes investigations into accidents of this kind which have involved stationary police cars, vehicles which are objectively highly conspicuous. Two laboratory studies showed that experienced drivers viewing a film of dual-carriageway driving were slower to respond to a parked police car as a ‘hazard’ if it was parked directly in the direction of travel than if it was parked at an angle; this effect was more pronounced when the driver's attention was distracted with a secondary reasoning task. Taken together with the accident reports, these results suggest that ‘looked but failed to see’ accidents may arise not because the parked vehicle is difficult to see, but for more cognitive reasons, such as vigilance failure, or possession by the driver of a ‘false hypothesis’ about the road conditions ahead. An emergency vehicle parked in the direction of travel, with only its blue lights flashing, may encourage drivers to believe that the vehicle is moving rather than stationary. Parking at an angle in the road, and avoiding the use of blue lights alone while parked, are two steps that drivers of parked emergency vehicles should consider taking in order to alert approaching drivers to the fact that a stationary vehicle is ahead.     

New adaptive approaches to real-time estimation of vehicle sideslip angle

This paper presents new approaches to the identification of the vehicle sideslip angle and the road bank angle in real-time. The major challenge is that the vehicle sideslip angle and the road bank angle are coupled together with the system uncertainties, such as variations in the vehicle parameters and the tire cornering stiffness. To resolve this difficulty, the proposed estimation algorithms identify the uncertain vehicle parameters using the sensor measurements such as the steering angle, the lateral acceleration and the yaw rate, and then estimate the vehicle sideslip angle and the road bank angle via a simple algebraic relationship in real time. In particular, the use of the lateral G sensor signal makes it possible to identify the cornering stiffness and vehicle sideslip angle without any a priori knowledge on the road bank angle. The performance of the proposed algorithms is verified through simulation and experimental results.     

车辆追尾预警系统设计

为有效预防车辆追尾事故的发生,基于系统动力学理论构建了车辆追尾事故模型,设计了车辆追尾预警系统;该模型充分考虑了驾驶员人体反应时间及信息处理过程的时间延迟,跟驰车辆可以根据引导车辆车速的变化及自身车速的变化计算是否会发生追尾事故,系统将在可能发生追尾事故时给出预警信号;详细给出了模型的构建过程和预警系统的工作原理、结构组成、硬件电路设计,以及软件设计;系统试验运行良好,可靠性高,成本低,具有广阔的应用和推广前景。     

汽车交通事故混沌分析及预测方法

提出一种新型的事故混沌理论.利用混沌理论和故障树法分析了汽车交通事故中的混沌特性,建立了基于事故混沌理论的汽车交通事故预测模型,并分析了预测模型的最大可预测尺度.该预测模型利用相空间近邻等距法对交通事故中的混沌吸引子进行预测,从而实现了对汽车交通事故的预测.仿真结果表明事故混沌理论对分析和预测汽车交通事故是有效的.     

基于GSM的车辆事故呼救中心软件平台设计

车辆事故呼救中心能在车辆发生事故时及时接收和处理事故信息,为实施救援挽救生命提供保障.呼救中心系统的搭建包括建立基站和呼救中心软件平台的设计.利用现已完善的GSM网络作为基站,采用Delphi软件平台设计开发出呼救中心系统,达到紧急呼救、定位、接收信息的功能,为建立呼救中心提供了通信及软件技术保障.     

基于车载记录仪数据的车辆风险模型实证

随着计算机技术的发展,越来越多的车载记录仪(in-vehicle data recorders,简称IVDR)因为商业目的被安装到了车辆上.在获取更多实时车辆行驶数据的前提下,也为车辆事故原因的分析提供了更加丰富的数据基础.本文通过对车载记录仪的数据进行分析并结合不同车辆的驾驶条件与环境因素开展车辆风险因素研究具有一定的理论价值与实践创新.研究运用大量的行驶数据、地理位置等数据信息,建立多元线性回归模型对车辆风险与事故关系进行研究并对所得结果进行了实证检验.过研究发现车辆风险因素与事故之间的影响关系:行驶里程与发生事故的概率存在非线性关系等.望通过本研究能对车辆风险量化、交通出行规划、车险个性化定价提供一定的借鉴作用.     

A study of tipping stability for omnidirectional mobile robot with active dual-wheel caster assemblies

A holonomic omnidirectional mobile robot with active dual-wheel caster assemblies is proposed as a robotic transport vehicle. With concern to the existence of sudden acceleration and other dynamical effects during maneuver, the tip-over instability monitoring is very important to prevent any unexpected injuries and property damage. This work presents the preventive method of the tip-over occurrence by estimating the tipping direction and stability metrics. The dynamical model of the omnidirectional mobile robot is derived to estimate the net force from the supporting reaction force at each wheel which is caused by the inertial and external forces. The direction of tipping and stability metric is estimated using moments stability measure. The performance of the tip-over prediction for an omnidirectional mobile robot with active dual-wheel assemblies is shown by the conducted simulations.