微乳法制备脂肪醇胺化催化剂的研究

利用Ｗ／Ｏ型的微乳液，制成脂肪醇胺化的负载型催化剂。研究了制备方式、活性组分含量、微乳液的含水量（Ｗ）、灼烧温度对催化剂性能的影响。优化条件下制备的催化剂中金属含量２２．４％，在反应温度２１０℃、催化剂加入量１．５％的条件下，转化率大于９７％，选择性大于９６％。     

化学配方与制备

化学配方与制备水乳液成膜物制备把甲基丙烯酸甲酯３８ｇ、丙烯酸丁酯１３２ｇ、和丙烯酸９ｇ的混合物和０．６ｇＫ２Ｓ２Ｏ３的水溶液滴加到８６ｇ水溶性醋酸纤维素水溶液中，在８５℃下搅拌，用氢水中和。使ｐＨ值为７．５，制得乳液，其固体含量为２１．３％、粘度７６...     

氟氧吡啶羧酸的皂化乳化工艺研究

研究了４－氨基－３,５－二氯－６－氟－２－吡啶氧乙酸（ＦＯＰＨ）的皂化及乳化工艺,制得了稳定的２．５％氟氧吡啶羧酸盐乳液,复合乳化剂（Ｋ１和Ｋ２）总含量１．２％￣２％,搅拌速度３５００ｒ／ｍｉｎ,,所得乳液学温下可稳定４￣６个月。     

交联型聚氨酯乳液的研究

以聚醚，ＴＤＩ，１，４－丁二醇及含羧基和羟基的交联剂等为主要原料合成聚氨酯乳液。讨论了ｎＮＣＯ／ｎＯＨ，交联剂加入量及－ＣＯＯＨ的质量分数对乳液性能的影响，得到原料的合适用量。     

配方花絮

配方花絮无磷酸盐重垢工业清洗剂组分Ｗｔ％１椰油酰胺基丙基羟基丙磺基甜菜碱５．０２五水偏硅酸钠３０．０３碳酸钠５．０４乙Ｍ胺四乙酸四钠（３８％）５．０５水５５．０制法：将容器盛满水，慢慢加入２、３和４。混合至全部溶解，然后加入１，混合至透明。除臭棒组分...     

聚氨酯乳液在纸张涂料中的应用研究

制备了十一种性能不同的乳化型聚氨酯乳液，分别配制成涂料，涂覆在原纸上，通过相应的涂布纸性能的测试，研究了聚氨酯乳液的羧基含量和交联剂影响。确定纸张涂料用聚氨酯乳液的羧基含量为１８％～２２％，交联剂以二乙烯三胺为好。     

简讯

简讯室内用ＰＶＣ装饰材料日本板东化学公司以ＰＶＣ１００、ＤＯＰ２４、Ｂａ／Ｚｎ稳定剂１．５、玻璃纤维５和ＡＣＲ加工助剂１．５份的混合料制得表面膜，将其与含聚氨酯／ＰＶＣ共聚物１００、Ｂａ／Ｚｎ稳定剂１．５和钛白粉１５份的混合料制得的薄膜热压层合在一起...     

国内外近期有关粘合剂文献增注题录

９９－０８８结构型聚氨酯粘合剂［此粘合剂混配物中的聚氨酯可由多异氰酸酯与多元醇反应制得。其中多异氰酸酯的官能度在２～３之间;氢化聚丁二烯多醇的官能度在１５～２５之间,氢化前１,２－乙烯基含量３０％～７０％（质量）,其中ＮＣＯ∶ＯＨ分子比从１０５...     

专利文摘

专利文摘甘油的生产方法将椰子油与甲醇在有碱时游离脂肪酸酯化后所得的副产物含甘油５８．８、甲醇２９．２、肥皂６．８、甲酯１．ｌ、氢氧化钠０．６、水１．７、未知组分１．８％。在该粗甘油溶液中，加甲醇和水，调至含甲醇５３．２、水３．５％浓缩液，搅拌下冷却至...     

水法杀虫双单钠盐原粉结晶工序的工艺探讨

探讨杀虫双原药有效体含量≥３２％，原药中Ｎａ２Ｓ２Ｏ３含量≤４％，结晶ｐＨ值为４．０－５．５。在０℃以下，搅拌结晶，可得杀虫双原粉含量９２．０４％左右，出粉率５８．５９％、ＮａＣｌ含量小于５％，Ｎａ２Ｓ２Ｏ３含量小于１．５％。     

聚氨酯填充型泡沫混凝土复合材料的性能研究

将不同掺量聚氨酯（PU）加入泡沫混凝土（FC）,研究聚氨酯填充型泡沫混凝土（FC/PU）复合材料的性能。结果表明：随着PU掺量的增加,FC/PU复合材料的导热系数不断降低,阻燃性能变差。PU掺量为0～4%时,随着PU掺量的增加,FC/PU复合材料的浆体黏度逐渐降低,气孔特性变好,抗压强度不断增大。PU掺量超过4%时,FC/PU复合材料黏度开始增大,气孔特性变差,抗压强度逐渐降低。PU掺量为4%时,FC/PU复合材料的综合性能最优,与未掺入PU相比,黏度降低62.7%,气孔特性较好,抗压强度提高75.0%,导热系数降低18.7%,阻燃性能仍能达到A1级。     

Vermiculite Filler Modified with Casein,Chitosan, and Potato Protein as a Flame Retardant for Polyurethane Foams

In this study, polyurethane (PU) composite foams were modified with 2 wt.% of vermiculite fillers, which were themselves modified with casein, chitosan, and potato protein. The impact of the fillers on selected properties of the obtained composites, including their rheological (foaming behavior, dynamic viscosity), thermal (temperature of thermal decomposition stages), flame-retardant (e.g., limiting oxygen index, ignition time, heat peak release), and mechanical properties (toughness, compressive strength (parallel and perpendicular), flexural strength) were investigated. Among all the modified polyurethane composites, the greatest improvement was noticed in the PU foams filled with vermiculite modified with casein and chitosan. For example, after the addition of modified vermiculite fillers, the foams’ compressive strength was enhanced by ~6–18%, their flexural strength by ~2–10%, and their toughness by ~1–5%. Most importantly, the polyurethane composites filled with vermiculite filler and modified vermiculite fillers exhibited improved flame resistance characteristics (the value of total smoke release was reduced by ~34%, the value of peak heat release was reduced by ~25%).     

环氧改性水性聚氨酯的合成工艺及性能

采用甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI-80)、聚醚二醇(N220)、二羟甲基丙酸((DMPA)、环氧树脂和丙烯酸羟丙酯(HPA)为主要原料,合成了环氧改性的水性聚氨酯乳液。研究了反应温度、乳化分散速度、中和度和环氧树脂的用量对乳液及涂膜性能的影响。结果表明:当乳化分散速度为4 000~5 000 r/min,中和度为90%~95%,环氧树脂的添加量为4%~6%时,可得到性能较好的乳液。通过环氧树脂改性的水性聚氨酯涂膜具有硬度高、耐水性和力学性能好的特点。     

亲水改性聚氨酯纳米纤维酶膜催化油水两相体系转糖苷反应

利用静电纺丝法制备含LiCl的聚氨酯(PU)纳米纤维,用牛血清白蛋白(BSA)对纤维亲水改性,于其上固定b-D-半乳糖苷酶,提高酶在油水两相介质中催化转糖苷反应的活力. 结果表明,以PU浓度26%(w)的电纺液制备的直径240~300 nm的PU纤维膜在LiCl辅助作用下吸附BSA高达222 mg/g,使纤维膜的水接触角由103.7o降至77.3o. 改性PU膜固定化酶比活力为1.59 U/mg,而未改性PU膜仅为其79.2%. 改性膜固定化酶55℃下的活力半衰期高达游离酶的14倍,在4℃下储存45 d活力仍保持80%,而游离酶活力仅剩余16.3%;改性膜固定化酶重复催化42次转糖苷反应活力仍能保持31%.     

ATO/PU复合隔热膜的制备及其性能研究

氧化锡锑(ATO)具有良好的红外阻隔性.将ATO直接分散到异氰酸酯中,与聚醚二元醇及催化剂制备含ATO的预聚物,再采用小分子扩链剂制备ATO/P U复合隔热膜.讨论了ATO在预聚物中的分散稳定性、ATO/P U复合隔热膜的基本物理性能和隔热性能.结果表明,平均粒径为32.9μm的ATO粒子在黏度57.86 Pa·s的预...     

Temperature Effect on the Mechanical Properties of Electrospun PU Nanofibers

Polyurethane (PU) nanofibers were prepared from electrospun method. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was employed to characterize the mechanical properties of electrospun PU nanofibers. The impact of temperature on the mechanical behavior of PU nanofibers was studied using three-point bending test based on AFM. A Young’s modulus of ~?25?GPa was obtained for PU nanofibers with diameter at ~?150?nm at room temperature. With decrease in nanofiber’s diameter, the increasing Young’s modulus can be due to the surface tension effect. The Young’s modulus of the PU nanofiber decreased linearly while the fibrous morphology was maintained with the increase of temperature.     

Synthesis and characterization of polyurethane/Mg‐Al layered double hydroxide nanocomposites

Layered double hydroxide (LDH) is a new type of nanofiller, which improves the physicochemical properties of the polymer matrix. In this study, 1, 3, 5, and 8 wt % of dodecyl sulfate‐intercalated LDH (DS‐LDH) has been used as nanofiller to prepare a series of thermoplastic polyurethane (PU) nanocomposites by solution intercalation method. PU/DS‐LDH composites so formed have been characterized by X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analysis which show that the DS‐LDH layers are exfoliated at lower filler (1 and 3 wt %) loading followed by intercalation at higher filler (8 wt %) loading. Mechanical properties of the nanocomposite with 3 wt % of DS‐LDH content shows 67% improvement in tensile strength compared to pristine PU, which has been correlated in terms of fracture behavior of the nanocomposites using scanning electron microscope analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that the thermal stability of the nanocomposite with 3 wt % DS‐LDH content is ≈ 29°C higher than neat PU. Limiting oxygen index of the nanocomposites is also improved from 19 to 23% in neat PU and PU/8 wt% DS‐LDH nanocomposites, respectively. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

影响湿固化聚氨酯涂料快干的因素

用聚醚多元醇、羟基丙烯酸树脂和甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)反应,通过选择最佳的反应物,调整反应物的最佳配比,选择适当的混合溶剂,在pH值为5~6的酸性条件下,外加复合催化剂、助剂,制备了弹性、强度、耐候性等综合性能良好,贮存稳定的湿固化聚氨酯涂料,讨论了影响湿固化聚氨酯涂料快干的因素。     

Pervaporation performance of surface-modified zeolite/PU mixed matrix membranes for separation of phenol from water

Polyurethane (PU) is a kind of promising pervaporation membrane material and silica-rich zeolite is a potential modifier to PU, but the pristine zeolite particles suffer from the bad dispersion in the polymer. This work presents a new route to modify zeolite (ZSM-5) particles via bridging with isocyanate to prepare a membrane for the recovery of phenol from the water. Zeolite ZSM-5 particles were successfully grafted by TDI, β-cyclodextrin, and oleyl alcohol, consecutively. The corresponding zeolites filled PU membranes were prepared and characterized by FTIR, TGA and SEM techniques. The effects of the grafted structures on the pervaporation performances of the zeolites/PU membranes were investigated in the recovery of phenol from the water. The results showed that the modified ZSM-5 particles had a good dispersion in PU, while the pristine ones demonstrated an obvious sedimentation. The modified zeolite/polyurethane membranes achieved better comprehensive separation performance than the neat PU and pristine ZSM-5 modified PU membranes. Depending on the good affinity of the β-cyclodextrin to phenol, ZSM-5 particles grafted by toluene diisocyanate and β-cyclodextrin (ZSM-TC) showed the optimal separation performance with the flux of 46.03 kg μm m^?2 h^?1 and the separation factor of 15.64 for the 0.3 wt% aqueous phenol solution at 80 °C. With the increase in the zeolite loading from 5 to 25%, ZSM-5/PU membrane showed the decreased separation factor and flux comparing to the neat PU. However, ZSM-TC/PU membrane showed higher flux and better selectivity than the neat PU and pristine ZSM-5 filled PU membranes.     

脂肪族水性聚氨酯的合成研究

以六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)、聚酯多元醇、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、乙二胺为主要原料,采用预聚体法制备了脂肪族水性聚氨酯(PU)乳液,研究了HDI与聚酯多元醇摩尔比(R值)、DMPA用量及中和度对PU乳液及胶膜性能的影响。结果表明,当R值为3.00～3.25、DMPA质量分数为3.28%左右、中和度为100%时,所合成的PU乳液稳定性最好,胶膜的综合性能最佳。