蒙脱土对植物油脱色效果的综合评价北大核心CSCD

为了开发高效、环保的食用油脱色剂,以一种环保方法(半干法)生产的蒙脱土为研究对象,研究其在不同脱色条件(脱色温度、脱色时间和脱色剂添加量)下对大豆油、葵花籽油和菜籽油品质的影响。结果表明:该蒙脱土具有吸附色素和过氧化物从而降低油脂红值和过氧化值的作用,与脱色前相比,大豆油、葵花籽油和菜籽油的红值最大降幅分别为77.4%、92.3%和87.2%,过氧化值最大降幅分别为82.7%、83.2%和91.2%;蒙脱土用于3种植物油的脱色,植物油中总甾醇和总生育酚含量下降,而酸值总体上缓慢上升。进一步研究发现,在相同的脱色条件下,蒙脱土对大豆油、葵花籽油和菜籽油的酸值、总甾醇含量和吸油率的影响结果均优于活性白土,尤其是吸油率几乎是活性白土的一半。蒙脱土可替代活性白土用于对色泽要求不是很高的植物油脱色中。     

蒙脱土脱除花生油中黄曲霉毒素B1的研究

为了开发适用于食用油的安全、高效黄曲霉毒素吸附剂,以一种半干法制备的钙基蒙脱土为研究对象,采用单因素实验和正交实验优化了蒙脱土脱除花生油中黄曲霉毒素B1的工艺,利用等温吸附实验研究了其吸附机制,并考察蒙脱土吸附对花生油品质的影响。结果表明：在蒙脱土添加量0.5%、吸附温度110℃、吸附时间30 min的条件下,黄曲霉毒素B1的脱除率最高,为（95.15±0.01）%,花生油中黄曲霉毒素B1的含量降低至（1.995±0.607） μg/kg,符合国家标准（GB 2761—2017）要求;蒙脱土吸附花生油中黄曲霉毒素B1符合Ferundlich模型,表明该吸附是物理多层吸附和化学单层吸附的复杂过程;蒙脱土对黄曲霉毒素B1的吸附亲和力强,最大吸附量可达0.1 mg/g;该蒙脱土还可改善花生油的色泽,降低花生油的酸值和过氧化值,且总生育酚和总甾醇保留率较高。该蒙脱土是一种安全、高效的黄曲霉毒素B1吸附剂,可用于油脂加工中。     

脱臭工艺对葵花籽油品质的影响

研究脱臭工艺对葵花籽油品质的影响,分析在不同脱臭温度、脱臭时间条件下,葵花籽油酸值、过氧化值、生育酚、角鲨烯、甾醇和反式脂肪酸的变化情况。结果表明:随脱臭温度升高,脱臭时间的延长,酸值、过氧化值逐渐降低,生育酚、甾醇、角鲨烯含量显著减少,反式脂肪酸含量增加。通过研究葵花籽油在不同脱臭工艺条件下的品质变化情况,以期为葵花籽油实际脱臭工艺提供数据支持。     

响应面优化组氨酸改性蒙脱土脱除花生油中黄曲霉毒素B1工艺

为了提高组氨酸改性蒙脱土(His-MMT)脱除花生油中黄曲霉毒素B₁(AFB₁)的效率，在单因素实验的基础上采用响应面法对His-MMT脱除花生油中AFB₁的工艺条件进行优化，并分析His-MMT吸附前后花生油的品质变化情况。结果表明：His-MMT脱除花生油中AFB₁的最佳工艺条件为His-MMT添加量0.17%、吸附温度110℃、吸附时间22 min,在此条件下花生油中AFB₁含量从(58.26±0.48)μg/kg降低到(1.05±0.07)μg/kg,脱除率为(98.20±0.11)%;His-MMT吸附后花生油的红值由7.0下降至5.0,酸值(KOH)由(0.90±0.02)mg/g下降至(0.86±0.01)mg/g,总生育酚和总甾醇的保留率分别为85.85%和97.26%。综上，His-MMT不仅可以高效脱除花生油中的AFB₁,且对花生油的品质影响较小，在花生油精炼中具有较大的应用潜力。     

4种黄曲霉毒素吸附剂对花生油综合品质的影响

黄曲霉毒素污染是影响花生油食用安全性的重要因素之一,为了优化黄曲霉毒素的吸附工艺,分别从吸附剂添加量、吸附时间、吸附温度及黄曲霉毒素B₁(AFB₁)污染水平等方面研究4种吸附剂(活性白土、膨润土、改性蒙脱土A、改性蒙脱土B)对花生原油中AFB₁的吸附效果以及对花生油综合品质的影响。结果表明：添加量为0.1%～1.0%时,4种吸附剂对AFB₁的吸附率随添加量增加而提高,达到一定水平后,吸附率维持动态平衡;吸附时间为20～60 min、吸附温度为45～115℃时,4种吸附剂对AFB₁的吸附率均随着吸附时间的延长和吸附温度的升高而提高;花生原油中AFB₁的污染水平对吸附率的影响不明显;花生原油经4种吸附剂处理后,污染物(总砷和铅)未检出,脂肪酸组成(油酸和亚油含量)无明显变化,酸值、过氧化值、维生素E含量、角鲨烯含量以及甾醇含量均变化不大;4种吸附剂对花生油中的风味物质均有吸附,其中活性白土吸附程度最大,仅保留30.6%的风味物质,而改性蒙脱土B对风味物质吸附最...     

精炼工艺对元宝枫籽油品质的影响

为了对元宝枫籽油的精炼提供指导,分析了精炼过程中元宝枫籽油的基本理化指标、脂肪酸和有益油脂伴随物（植物甾醇、生育酚）的变化情况。结果表明：随着精炼工序的进行,元宝枫籽油的酸值、过氧化值和氧化诱导期显著降低（p<0.05）,脂肪酸组成变化不显著（p>0.05）,植物甾醇和生育酚两种有益油脂伴随物的含量显著降低（p<0.05）,分别由毛油的950.3 mg/kg和1 107.4 mg/kg降至脱臭油的569.9 mg/kg和743.4 mg/kg,损失率分别为40.0%、32.9%。研究结果说明精炼能够显著影响元宝枫籽油的品质,应有效控制脱臭条件,尽量减少有益油脂伴随物的损失。     

咖啡碱吸附剂的选取及蒙脱土对绿茶茶汤中咖啡碱的吸附工艺优化

基于咖啡碱可能会引发相关疾病的发生,本实验采用物理吸附方式对茶汤中咖啡碱进行吸附脱除,选取活性炭、蒙脱土和石英砂三种吸附剂对绿茶茶汤进行咖啡碱的吸附实验,选出最佳吸附剂蒙脱土,在响应曲面优化下得到最佳吸附条件:吸附时间1.6 h,茶汤pH在2.07附近,蒙脱土用量为4%,最终体系中咖啡碱含量为0.991%,生物活性物质损失不超过6%,表明在三种吸附剂中蒙脱土是可行和实用的脱除绿茶中咖啡碱的吸附剂,为制备低咖啡碱绿茶速溶茶提供理论依据。     

响应面法优化活性炭吸附脱除玉米油中玉米赤霉烯酮

以碱炼脱酸玉米油为原料,考察了不同型号活性炭对玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)的吸附脱除效果。在单因素试验的基础上,以活性炭添加量、吸附温度、吸附时间为自变量,ZEN脱除率为响应值,采用响应面法优化了吸附条件。结果表明:H-1活性炭(油脂专用活性炭)对ZEN的吸附能力最强;最佳吸附条件为H-1活性炭添加量2.5%、吸附温度80℃、吸附时间20 min;在最佳吸附条件下,玉米油中ZEN脱除率为(87.11±0.64)%。     

精炼工艺对玉米油微量成分变化的影响

以在超级脱胶结合白土预脱色-复脱色以及双塔脱臭脱酸工艺生产线上取样的玉米毛油、脱胶油、脱蜡油、脱色油、脱臭油为研究对象,对其游离脂肪酸、磷、金属离子、色素、生育酚含量及过氧化值进行测定,考察精炼工艺对玉米油微量成分变化的影响。结果表明:双塔脱臭脱酸工艺可以明显降低玉米油中游离脂肪酸含量;超级脱胶工艺可去除玉米油中约95%的磷脂;脱胶和脱色可明显降低金属离子含量;大部分色素在脱色工段被去除;经脱臭后,成品油中总生育酚损失19. 9%;脱胶使玉米油过氧化值升高,脱色和脱臭可使过氧化值明显降低。说明应根据玉米毛油品质选择合适的精炼工艺,以最大限度地保留有益微量成分,去除有害成分,做到适度精炼。     

营养平衡调和油的配制及营养成分的测定

为解决单一食用油中营养组分缺陷问题,以大豆油、橄榄油、鱼油和亚麻籽油为基料油,测定其酸值、过氧化值、水分及挥发物含量和脂肪酸组成,然后按照中国营养学会关于脂肪酸推荐摄入量的要求,依据不同基料油的脂肪酸组成计算其配比并配制调和油,最后测定调和油的营养成分。结果表明：大豆油、橄榄油、亚麻籽油、鱼油的酸值、过氧化值、水分及挥发物含量均符合相关国家标准,4种油脂配制调和油的最适配比为45%、45%、8%、2%;调和油中主要微量营养成分及其含量为角鲨烯2.18 mg/kg、β-胡萝卜素0.474 mg/kg、α-生育酚73.6 mg/kg、β-生育酚0.6 mg/kg、γ-生育酚132.0 mg/kg、δ-生育酚20.4 mg/kg、总甾醇5 700 mg/kg。所得调和油符合中国营养学会关于脂肪酸推荐摄入量的要求,是一种营养平衡调和油。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press