基于独立分量分析和支持向量机的遥感影像融合分类算法

遥感影像分类是遥感定量化分析的重要手段,遥感影像融合是提高分类正确率的有效途径之一。本文提出一种遥感影像的融合分类算法。首先采用Contourlet变换对多光谱影像和全色影像进行融合,然后结合独立分量分析的去相关性、稀疏特性以及很好地捕捉影像重要边缘信息、纹理信息的能力,提取融合影像的独立分量特征,并用支持向量机实现分类。与其他算法的主、客观比较结果表明,该算法的实验效果较好,可有效地提高遥感影像的分类精度。     

基于PCA和数据融合的遥感图像数字水印算法

提出了一种向遥感图像中嵌入水印以保护其版权的算法。算法将数据融合技术和数字水印技术相结合,首先将全色图像进行小波分解,提取图像分解后的第三级低频边缘特征,利用PCA变换得到边缘特征的第一主分量作为水印信息,将水印与第三级中频进行融合;然后进行小波逆变换得到重构图像;最后采用小波变换和PCA融合法将含有水印的全色图像和多光谱图像相融合。提取水印时使用独立分量分析(ICA)方法。实验表明,该算法可以保护遥感图像的版权和进行真伪认证,且不破坏原始遥感图像的信息和特征,是有效可行的。     

Remote sensing image fusion based on Bayesian linear estimation

A new remote sensing image fusion method based on statistical parameter estimation is proposed in this paper. More specially, Bayesian linear estimation (BLE) is applied to observation models between remote sensing images with different spa- tial and spectral resolutions. The proposed method only estimates the mean vector and covariance matrix of the high-resolution multispectral (MS) images, instead of assuming the joint distribution between the panchromatic (PAN) image and low-resolution multispectral image. Furthermore, the proposed method can enhance the spatial resolution of several principal components of MS images, while the traditional Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method is limited to enhance only the first principal component. Experimental results with real MS images and PAN image of Landsat ETM demonstrate that the proposed method performs better than traditional methods based on statistical parameter estimation, PCA-based method and wavelet-based method.     

基于分割区域及特征相似度的玉米田遥感图像分类方法

针对遥感图像中玉米田目标光谱复杂,同物异谱现象严重导致分类结果差的问题, 提出一种基于分割区域及特征相似度的玉米田遥感图像分类方法。首先利用主成分分析法(PCA) 对多光谱和高分辨全色融合图像进行第一主成分提取,以获得包含丰富图像信息的单色图像I; 对I 进行分水岭分割,得到一幅过分割目标区域图;构建由纹理、亮度及轮廓特征相似度组成 的特征组;最后基于随机森林原理,利用构建的特征组对玉米目标进行提取。用高分一号卫星 数据进行实验,并与支持向量机方法(SVM)、神经网络算法和最大似然算法进行了比较分析, 实验表明,该方法的分类精度优于其他算法。     

基于松弛因子改进FastICA算法的遥感图像分类方法

多波段遥感图像反映了不同地物的光谱特征,其分类是遥感应用的基础.独立分量分析算法利用信号的高阶统计信息,去除了遥感图像各个波段之间的相关性,获得的波段图像是相互独立的.然而独立分量分析算法计算量太大,影响了其在多波段遥感图像分类上的应用.MFastICA算法可以改善FastICA算法的性能,减少计算量,但是同FastICA算法一样,其收敛依赖于初始权值的选择.在MFastICA算法中引入松弛因子,使算法可以实现大范围的收敛.应用BP神经网络对独立分量分析算法预处理后的图像进行自动分类,其分类精度比原始遥感图像的精度高,并且3种独立分量分析算法的最终分类性能相当.     

基于特征量积与PCA的小波遥感图像融合

在遥感图像融合中,传统PCA算法会损失部分有用信息,从而使得融合结果的光谱分辨率受到较大影响,针对这种情况,借助小波变换优良的时频分析特性,利用特征量积来融合多光谱图像的第一主成分,实现了一种基于特征量积与PCA的小波遥感图像融合算法。通过对来自不同场景不同卫星的多光谱和全色图像进行融合实验,结果表明,该算法无论在主观视觉还是在客观统计数据上,均具有比其他方法较佳的融合效果。     

基于多样性变异的QPSO算法的遥感图像分类

遥感图像分类是遥感领域研究的热点问题之一。结合量子粒子群优化(QPSO)算法和多样性变异的机制提出了一种新的高光谱遥感图像分类算法。在遥感图像分类过程中,采用无监督分类,图像中每个像素点到聚类中心的高斯距离作为分类标准,使用QPSO算法进行聚类中心的优化,在聚类过程中使用多样性变异机制防止QPSO算法早熟收敛,使分类结果达到最优化。在遥感图像上所做的实验表明:此分类算法具有较好的搜索速度和收敛精度,能有效寻找和优化最佳聚类中心,是一种有效、可行的遥感图像分类方法。     

基于归一化相关矩的多分辨率遥感图象融合

多传感器数据融合技术已广泛应用于遥感图象处理方面 .针对遥感多光谱图象空间分辨率较低的问题 ,提出了一种基于归一化相关矩的多分辨率图象融合方法 .该方法首先对图象进行二维小波变换 ,然后根据所得到的高频小波系数的一阶、二阶统计特征来定义图象局部灰度相关矩 ,并以此作为图象融合测度来对遥感图象进行多分辨率特征融合 ,从而得到包含更多信息和有效特征的融合图象 .仿真结果表明 ,融合后的图象在保留多光谱信息和提高空间分辨率上均能获得较好的效果 ,因而可以更好地用于目标识别、分类等遥感图象处理方面     

基于上下文感知和超像素后处理的多光谱图像分类

高质量的地物类别提取是大量地学应用的基础。现有的基于像素的分类方法没有充分挖掘多光谱遥感图像中的上下文关联信息,且分类后的标签图像容易产生破碎。为了提升高分辨率遥感图像的分类精度,本文提出一种基于上下文感知网络和超像素后处理的多光谱图像分类方法。该方法利用新设计的卷积神经网络模型来更好地学习多光谱图像中的空间上下文信息。超像素后处理使用小区域分割和投票的策略来合并结构上关联的区域,以避免破碎标签的产生。本文方法在高分一号卫星数据上进行测试,并与6个分类算法进行比较。实验结果表明本文方法在精度和视觉效果上都优于比对算法。另外,对基于新模型分类后的结果进行超像素后处理,不仅减少了分类结果的破碎度,也进一步提升了图像的分类精度。     

The influence of principal component analysis on the spatial structure of a multispectral dataset

Multispectral remote sensing images often have extensive interband correlation. As a result, the images may contain similar information and have similar spatial structure. Principal component analysis (PCA) is a technique for removing or reducing the duplication or redundancy in multispectral images and for compressing all of the information that is contained in an original n-channel set of multispectral images into less than n channels or, more specifically, to their principal components. These are then used instead of the original data for image analysis and interpretation. The principal components are ranked in terms of the amount of variance that they explain. A consequence of ranking in this way is that the resulting principal components showa markedly different spatial structure from one another. This effect can be problematical, for example, when studying landscape ecology, where understanding the interactions between elements of the landscape structure as manifest in remote sensing images and environmental processes is of primary importance. Although the difference in spatial structure of an image after applying PCA and its influence on potential applications have been known for some time, it does not appear to have been studied explicitly. Accordingly, the aim of this paper was to examine the implications of applying PCA for the spatial structure and content of multispectral remote sensing images using parts of a Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) frame of northern Sardinia, Italy. The results show that, due to the significant influence of PCA on the spatial structure andcontent of remote sensing images, the resulting principal components have a spatial structure and content that differ markedly from one another and from the original images. As a result, extreme care is necessary when applying PCA to remote sensing images and interpreting the results.     

Study of land cover classification based on knowledge rules using high-resolution remote sensing images

This paper deals with the limitations of visual interpretation of high-resolution remote sensing images and of automatic computer classification completely dependent on spectral data. A knowledge-rule method is proposed, based on spectral features, texture features obtained from the gray-level co-occurrence matrix, and shape features. QuickBird remote sensing data were used for an experimental study of land-use classification in the combination zone between urban and suburban areas in Beijing. The results show that the deficiencies of methods where only spectral data are used for classification can be eliminated, the problem of similar spectra in multispectral images can be effectively solved for the classification of ground objects, and relatively high classification accuracy can be reached.     

ICA mixture model algorithm for unsupervised classification of remote sensing imagery

Conventional remote sensing classification algorithms assume that the data in each class can be modelled using a multivariate Gaussian distribution. As this assumption is often not valid in practice, conventional algorithms do not perform well. In this paper, we present an independent component analysis (ICA)‐based approach for unsupervised classification of multi/hyperspectral imagery. ICA used for a mixture model estimates the data density in each class and models class distributions with non‐Gaussian (sub‐ and super‐Gaussian) probability density functions, resulting in the ICA mixture model (ICAMM) algorithm. Independent components and the mixing matrix for each class are found using an extended information‐maximization algorithm, and the class membership probabilities for each pixel are computed. The pixel is allocated to the class having maximum class membership probability to produce a classification. We apply the ICAMM algorithm for unsupervised classification of images obtained from both multispectral and hyperspectral sensors. Four feature extraction techniques are considered as a preprocessing step to reduce the dimensionality of the hyperspectral data. The results demonstrate that the ICAMM algorithm significantly outperforms the conventional K‐means algorithm for land cover classification produced from both multi‐ and hyperspectral remote sensing images.     

一种基于多智能体策略的人工免疫网络数据分类方法

在传统的人工免疫网络基础上,将多智能体技术的典型策略融入到免疫网络的进化过程中。算法引入了邻域克隆选择,操作过程从局部到整体,能够更加全面地模拟免疫网络的自然进化模型;同时在免疫网络进化过程中增加了抗体间的竞争和协作操作,提高了网络的动态分析能力。后续实验中,分别采用常用的3组UCI数据和一幅红树林多光谱TM遥感图像对算法加以验证,实验结果表明算法对遥感图像有较高的分类效率,对UCI数据也有较好的分类效果,表明该算法一种有效的数据分类方法。     

一种基于残差的遥感图像融合新方法

针对遥感图像融合问题,提出了一种基于残差的遥感图像融合新方法。该方法借助于主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA),通过对多光谱图像的残差图像和全色图像的残差图像进行融合来恢复出多光谱图像的高分辨率残差图像,以实现多光谱图像和全色图像的融合。实验结果的主观视觉效果和客观统计参数分析都表明,新方法不仅较大地增强了融合图像的空间细节表现能力,而且很好地保留了多光谱图像的光谱信息,其性能优于现有的HIS(hue-intensity-saturation)变换融合方法、PCA融合方法和小波变换(wavelet transform,WT)融合方法。     

高光谱影像的BDT-SVM地物分类算法与应用

面对海量数据的特征空间高维性及训练样本的有限性,高光谱遥感影像若采用常规统计模式的分类方法难以获得较好的分类结果。因此探讨支持向量机(SVM)分类器的基本原理,针对EO-1Hyperion高光谱影像的分类特点及现有多类SVM算法所存在的训练时间长及分类精度低等问题,引入二叉决策树SVM(BDT-SVM)分类算法,并提出一种新的类间分离度定义方法及相应的客观确定二叉树结构的策略,由此生成改进的BDT-SVM算法。实验结果表明:与其他多类分类方法相比,基于改进的BDT-SVM算法的高光谱影像地物分类效果更好,总体精度达到90.96%,Kappa系数为0.89,该算法还解决了经典SVM多类分类可能存在的不可分区域问题。     

高斯Copula的多光谱遥感影像分割

为了充分利用多光谱影像波段间的相关性,提出高斯Copula的多光谱遥感影像分割方法.首先,建立基于马尔可夫随机场的标号场模型,使用Potts模型刻画该标号场.然后,建立表征像素光谱测度的特征场,利用高斯Copula建立像素光谱测度的多变量统计模型以刻画该特征场.结合标号场、特征场模型及各模型参数的先验概率,利用贝叶斯定理建立多光谱影像分割的后验概率模型.最后,设计适用于模拟后验概率模型的M-H算法,在最大后验概率策略下获取最优分割结果.对模拟和真实多光谱影像分割结果表明,文中方法描述波段间相关性的能力较强,准确性较高.     

Sentinel-2 Satellite Image Fusion Methodand Quality Evaluation Analysis

Sentinel-2 satellite sensors acquire three kinds of optical remote sensing images with different spatial resolutions.How to improve the spatial resolution of lower spatial resolution bands by fusion method is one of the problems faced by Sentinel-2 applications.Taking the Sentinel\|2B image as the data source,a high spatial resolution band was generated or selected from the four 10m spatial resolution bands by four methods:the maximum correlation coefficient,the central wavelength nearest neighbor,the pixel maximum and the principal component analysis.We fused the one high spatial resolution band produced and six multispectral bands with 20 m spatial resolution by the five fusion methods of PCA,HPF,WT,GS and Pansharp to produce six multispectral bands with 10 m spatial resolution and the fusion results were evaluated from three aspects:qualitative and quantitative (information entropy,average gradient,spectral correlation coefficient,root mean square error and general image quality index) and classification accuracy of fused images.Results show that the fusion quality of Pansharp with the maximum correlation coefficient is better than other fusion methods,and the classification accuracy is slightly lower than the GS with the pixel maximum of the highest classification accuracy and far higher than the original four multispectral image with 10 m spatial resolution.According to the classification accuracy of experimental data,different fusion methods have different advantages in extraction of different ground objects.In application,appropriate schemes should be selected according to actual research needs.This research can provide reference for Sentinel-2 satellite and similar satellite data processing and application.     

基于MATLAB的遥感图像棚户区识别与提取

以QuickBird遥感影像为数据源,研究在MATLAB环境下,利用灰度共生矩阵（GLCM）对QuickBird遥感图像棚户区纹理特征进行识别和提取的方法。首先,利用所选择的四个纹理特征统计量（对比度、能量、同质性和相关性）构建一个特征空间。然后运用非监督分类的方法（ISODATA算法）将研究区分成确定的类别数目。最后,根据实际情况,利用数学形态法对分类结果进行精确定位,从而提取得到研究区域的棚户区信息。     

基于SVM的遥感影像的分类

遥感图像的分类方法包括统计模式识别、句法模式识别、以及神经网络、遗传算法、模拟退火算法等等。本文分析了统计模式识别方法的优缺点，提出了使用SVM的方法进行遥感图像分类的设想，通过实验证明该方法是有效和稳健的。     

A resource limited artificial immune system algorithm for supervised classification of multi/hyper‐spectral remote sensing imagery

The resource limited artificial immune system (RLAIS), a new computational intelligence approach, is being increasingly recognized as one of the most competitive methods for data clustering and analysis. Nevertheless, owing to the inherent complexity of the conventional RLAIS algorithm, its application to multi/hyper‐class remote sensing image classification has been considerably limited. This paper explores a novel artificial immune algorithm based on the resource limited principles for supervised multi/hyper‐spectral image classification. Three experiments with different types of images were performed to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm in comparison with other traditional image classification algorithms: parallelepiped, minimum distance, maximum likelihood, K‐nearest neighbour and back‐propagation neural network. The results show that the proposed algorithm consistently outperforms the traditional algorithms in all the experiments and hence provides an effective new option for processing multi/hyper spectral remote sensing images.