大气中激光通信技术

文中介绍了光通信的历史、发展和分类,阐述了大气中激光通信的工作原理、重要器件和关键技术,以及大气中激光通信存在的问题。分析了大气通信中能量衰减的原因,提出了减小衰减的方法。研究了目前国内大气激光通信的应用现状,构思了实现大气激光准全天候通信和移动通信的蓝图,展望了未来大气激光通信的前景。     

新一代大气激光通信系统

本文介绍了大气激光通信的基本原理、关键技术和发展现状及应用领域，针对大气中激光通信存在的问题提出了解决方法，并展望了未来大气激光通信的前景。     

大气湍流对高速激光通信影响模拟实验研究

分析了大气湍流对高速激光通信影响的研究方法、现状及必要性,建立了高速激光通信用大气湍流模拟装置,提出了大气湍流对高速激光通信影响的模拟实验方案,采用实验室内半实物模拟的方法,利用大气湍流模拟装置模拟中弱强度的湍流,搭建激光传输实验系统,并进行了光强闪烁方差及频谱、到达角起伏方差及频谱等测试,结果表明,该大气湍流模拟装置的光强闪烁、到达角起伏符合-5/3理论,光强闪烁、到达角起伏是影响激光通信性能的主要因素,为深入研究大气湍流对高速激光通信影响提供了有效手段和方法,最后对大气高速激光通信未来的发展方向进行了展望。     

非限幅QPSK类正弦调制大气激光通信系统的性能研究

提出了一种非限幅四相相移键控(QPSK)类正弦调制技术,并将其运用到大气激光通信系统中。介绍了大气激光通信信道模型,给出了非限幅QPSK类正弦调制的大气激光通信系统模型。在此基础上,对采用非限幅QPSK类正弦调制和采用直流偏置副载波强度调制的大气激光通信系统在无湍流和弱湍流信道下的功率利用率、误码率、中断概率和信道容量进行了分析和比较。结果表明,非限幅QPSK类正弦调制具有更好的抗噪声性能、更高的功率利用率、较低的中断概率及较高的信道容量,提高了大气激光通信系统的性能,可满足大气激光通信系统的需要。     

激光在大气中传输时吸收损耗的计算

大气随机信道对激光传输性能的影响是制约激光通信的重要因素之一,因此开展对大气信道的研究对实现激光通信的实用化具有非常重要的意义。通过研究,给出了激光在大气中传输吸收损耗计算的数学模型,并经过仿真计算,得到了一些有益结论,并以此提出了激光通信设计时的一些相应的解决途径。     

一种用于大气激光通信透明传输的光端机

提出了一种解决大气激光通信中断问题的方案,详细介绍了该方案中光端机的设计.实验表明,该方案能有效实现大气激光通信中透明传输10Mb/s-160Mb/s的各种数据,并提高了大气激光通信系统的可通率.     

弱湍流环境下自由空间光通信系统性能研究

自由空间光(Free Space Optical, FSO)通信技术具有高传输容量、免频谱许可、高保密性等优点,然而对于大气激光通信,光束在传输路径上普遍存在大气状况对通信性能的影响,大气湍流会大大降低接受信号的质量。文章设计了一套室内无线激光通信实验系统,模拟真实环境下的大气湍流,并细致分析了如何在室内模拟和测量大气湍流强度,同时提出两种测量室内弱湍流强度的方法并进行对比。文章的成果可用于无线激光通信系统误码率的研究,为无线激光通信系统性能及相关调制技术奠定了一定的理论基础。     

大气激光通信系统中频域反卷积抑制乘性噪声的研究

大气湍流会导致大气激光通信链路误码率性能的恶化,提出了一种频域反卷积方法抑制大气激光通信系统中的乘性噪声。该方法有效地把反卷积技术与大气激光通信相结合,算法中加入快速傅里叶变换(FFT)模块,将信号转换到频域进行反卷积滤波,降低了算法复杂度。利用大气激光通信实测系统在雨天天气下进行实验验证,对比反卷积前后调制信号的星座图并分析系统误码率。实验结果表明,频域反卷积能够降低大气激光通信系统的误码率,是一种抑制大气信道乘性噪声的有效方法。     

大气激光通信中光PPM偏振调制方案及其关键技术

大气中的雨、雪、雾等对大气激光通信的质量和可靠性影响很大.提出了一种光PPM偏振调制方式,采用改变水平和垂直偏振光束的强度,检测接收到的激光的偏振角进行编码.由于水平偏振和垂直偏振光通过的是同一条光路,在求解光偏振角时大气中的衰减可以相互抵消,因此光PPM偏振调制可以减少甚至消除大气信道对大气激光通信的影响.仿真结果表明:这种方法不但可以消除大气信道对激光通信质量的影响,而且可以成倍提高大气激光通信的码速率.     

激光在大气中的传输损耗实用计算方法

大气随机信道对激光传输性能的影响是制约激光通信的重要因素之一,因此开展对大气信道的研究对实现激光通信具有非常重要的意义.通过研究,给出了激光在大气中传输损耗的实用计算方法.经仿真计算,得到了一些有益结论,并以此提出了激光通信设计时的一些相应的解决途径.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first