Effect of additive V2O5 on sintering mechanism and properties of inert anodes of NiFe2O4 spinel

In order to improve the properties of NiFe2O4 spinel based inert anode, some additive MnO2 were added to raw materials. NiFe2O4 spinel with MnO2 was made by solid-phase reaction at 1200℃for 6 h. XRD were carried out and the effects of MnO2 on density, conductivity and corrosion resistance were measured. XRD shows when MnO2 was added no new phases exist and MnO2 and NiFe2O4 formed solid solution; Mn4+ replaced parts of Fe3+ and the sample still had the structure of NiFe2O4 spinel. The crystal lattice of NiFe2 O4 spinel became aberrated when MnO2 was added, which can promote sintering, and improve density. Because Mn4+ replaces parts of Fe3+ and produces conduction electron, which can improve conductivity.The corrosion resistance of the samples was enhanced. When MnO2 is 1.0%, the sample‘s corrosion rate is 1/5 of that of the sample without MnO2. The reason is that Al2 O3 in the melt reacts with Mn4+ in the sample to produce MnAl2O4. MnAl2 O4 forms a dense protecting coat, which can prevent melt from eroding further.Because the key problem with inert anodes is anode corrosion, so we consider the optimal amount of MnO2 is 1.0%.     

Effect of additive V_2O_5 on sintering mechanism and properties of inert anodes of NiFe_2O_4 spinel

1 IntroductionThe idea of usinginert anodes (also called non-consumable or oxygen-producing anodes) in aluminumproductionis as old as the Hall-Heroult process ,dating backto one of theinventors ,Charles Martin Hall .Aninert anode is intended to replace a consumable carbon anode ,the cell reactionis Al2O3+3/2C 2Al +3/2CO2(1)The requirements for lowenergy consumption,lowproductioninvest ment andreducingthe emission ofgreenhouse gas speed the research for inert anodes in aluminumproduction. …     

Effect of MnO2on properties of NiFe_2O_4 spinel based inert anode

1 IntroductionThe carbon anode has been used in aluminum production for more than 100 years . But it has manyshortcomings ,of whichthe most notable problems are :(1) the consumption of anodes cause a great deal ofgood-quality carbon waste ,and the emission of the greenhouse gases and most of the sulfurous gases willpollute environment seriously ;(2) changing the anodes frequently affects the balance of heat ,and causehard work practices .Inert anodes can overcome the questions mentioned above …     

铝电解NiFe2O4基金属陶瓷惰性阳极性能研究进展

NiFe2O4基金属陶瓷是最具应用前景的铝电解惰性阳极材料,国内外对其性能与制备技术进行了大量研究。评述了NiFe2O4基金属陶瓷惰性阳极烧结性能、高温导电性能、耐腐蚀性能、高温抗氧化及抗热震性能的最新研究进展及存在的主要问题,探讨了惰性阳极材料的未来研究重点及发展趋势。     

掺杂SnO2对NiFe2O4陶瓷电导率的影响

采用冷压-烧结粉末冶金技术制备了NiFe2O4陶瓷,并对其进行SnO2掺杂.对光谱纯石墨和所制备的试样进行的不同温度下电导率测试研究表明:用直流四端电极法改进的高温电导率测试仪测定结果重现性和准确性良好;NiFe2O4陶瓷材料的导电性能随着温度升高而提高,且呈现半导体材料特性;掺杂少量SnO2有利于降低材料的活化能,提高其电导率,而不影响陶瓷基体材料的半导体特性.     

NiAl2O4 基惰性阳极的制备及电解腐蚀研究

采用热压方法研制了Al-Ni-Cu-O系金属陶瓷惰性阳极,阳极的成分以NiAl2O4尖晶石陶瓷为基体,含有10%～20%(wt)Cu和Ni的混合粉末,制得阳极试样的相对密度可达99%,该种阳极在900 ℃左右的电导率大于80 s/cm.采用自制的Ф150 mm×12 mm阳极,在150 A电流的情况下稳定电解24 h,对阳极的动态腐蚀行为进行研究.对电解后阳极的XRD研究发现,从阳极中心到表面NiO量逐渐增加,在阳极表面有新的NiO相生成,对比阳极中不同相的热膨胀性能,认为新相的生成导致了阳极的膨胀和分层.     

我国钒资源和V2O5研究、生产的现状及前景

介绍了国内钒资源情况,V2O5的生产工艺,捉钒新技术研究现状和V2O5产品生产存在的问题和发展前景,提出应在保护资源和环境的前提下适度发展钒产品加工业。     

Study on spinel-based inert anode for aluminium electrolysis

Hot press-sintering was adopted to fabricate inert cermets anodes based on the nickel aluminate and nickel ferrite for use in aluminum electrolysis research. The density of samples, fabricated by hot pressing, is close to the theoretic density. At 900℃, the electrical conductivity of the periments. Effect of anode current on nickel ferrite-based and the reason for it were studied. A theory is that a more uniform metal distribution by improving the hot pressing process gives increased corrosion resistance of the anode.     

NiFe2O4@LiMn2O4正极材料的制备及其电化学性能研究

以溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同质量百分比的NiFe₂O₄@LiMn₂O₄复合正极材料。采用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和电化学性能测试等手段, 对NiFe₂O₄@LiMn₂O₄材料的结构、形貌和电化学性能进行表征。结果表明, NiFe₂O₄的包覆并没有改变锰酸锂材料的晶体结构;锰酸锂颗粒表面没有观察到NiFe₂O₄材料存在。当NiFe₂O₄包覆量为1%时, 复合材料具有较好的电化学性能, 其首次充放电效率、循环性能和倍率性能都得到了一定程度的提高, 此时NiFe₂O₄呈薄膜型包覆在锰酸锂颗粒的表面, 厚度约为14 nm, 首次放电比容量(0.1C)为121.2 mAh/g, 10C倍率放电条件下放电比容量为84.8 mAh/g, 1C循环400周后容量保持率为90.64%。     

NiFe2O4陶瓷的制备及其在Na3AlF6-Al2O3中的溶解性研究

通过固态反应,在1150℃、6h下制备出铝电解惰性阳极用NiFe2O4尖晶石粉末.经XRD物相分析,产物的衍射线位置和强度高低等和标准多晶衍射数据重合.SEM形貌观察,粒子为等轴形.通过制陶试验,考察了压制方式、粉末粒度、温度等因素对陶瓷体积密度和径向收缩率的影响,结果发现,双向压制较单向压制能实现较高的体积密度,压坯中密度分布的不均匀在很大程度上可以用双向压制来改善;尽可能降低粉末粒度能促进烧结,对制备致密化陶瓷有利;适当提高温度能促进烧结,提高体积密度.NiFe2O4陶瓷在Na3AlF6-Al2O3中的溶解性试验表明,镍和铁的饱和溶解度都极低,并不按化学计量数(1∶2)溶解.     

造球焙烧-低酸浸出五氧化二钒试验研究

对某石煤钒矿采用造球焙烧-低酸浸出五氧化二钒试验研究,结果表明:该钒矿在粒度-200目75%造球焙烧预处理,焙砂在硫酸浓度4%、浸出时间1h、矿浆液固比2、常温浸出的条件下,五氧化二钒浸出率可达88.15%。     

一维NiFe2O4纳米丝的制备与磁性能

采用静电纺丝法制备了表面光滑、直径均匀、连续的一维NiFe_2O_4纳米丝。利用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、X射线电子衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)对Ni Fe2O4纳米丝的结构、形貌和磁性能进行表征。结果表明,经500~900℃煅烧后均得到直径约为60 nm的纯相尖晶石型NiFe_2O_4纳米丝,且NiFe_2O_4纳米丝具有良好的软磁特性,其饱和磁化强度(Ms)和剩余磁化强度(Mr)随煅烧温度的升高而增大,900℃煅烧后Ms和Mr分别达到最大值35.56、13.29 A·m2/kg。经600℃焙烧后的Ni Fe2O4纳米丝Ms为30.56 A·m2/kg,矫顽力(Hc)达到最大值2.76 A/m,表明NiFe_2O_4的单畴临界尺寸约为28 nm。     

从V2O5生产废水中脱除氨氮的研究

用石灰调节pH-蒸气吹脱法处理V2O5产生的高浓度氨氮废水．结果表明：在废水氨氮含量高达14．5g／L的情况下．用石灰调节pH=11．8，吹脱温度95℃以上．蒸气吹脱3．5h，可使废水的氨氮脱除率达99．5％以上，处理后的废水氨氮含量符合国家排放标准．氨氮回收率达93％，回收的氨水可用于沉钒工艺．处理后的废水可循环利用．     

无盐焙烧酸法提取五氧化二钒的新工艺研究

对江西某石煤钒矿进行无盐焙烧—酸浸—萃取提取五氧化二钒工艺研究。结果表明:该钒矿在-0.074mm占80%、焙烧温度800℃焙烧3h,硫酸浸出,五氧化二钒的浸出率超过90%;浸出液溶剂萃取,反萃液硫酸氨沉钒,最终得到纯度超过98%的五氧化二钒产品,综合回收率超过80%。     

石煤钒矿全湿法提钒技术中沉钒工艺研究

以钒反萃取液(主要成分五氧化二钒浓度99.30 g/L, 铁浓度3.15 g/L)为原料, 研究了钒反萃取液酸度、沉钒pH值、溶液电位等条件对沉钒率和产品五氧化二钒质量的影响。试验结果表明: 针对含铁较高的上述钒反萃取液, 为了获取优质五氧化二钒产品, 沉钒分二段进行。第一段沉钒是先用硫酸调整钒反萃液酸度为1.5 mol/L, 60 ℃水浴下加氯酸钠, 控制溶液电位为1 000 mV, 用15%的氨水调pH值在0.5以内, 90 ℃下搅拌1 h, 该段沉钒率为85%, 其产品五氧化二钒含量达99%以上, 铁含量在0.3%以下。第二段沉钒是将上述滤液接着用氨水调pH值至2.0并于90 ℃下搅拌1 h, 两段总沉钒率达99%, 第二段沉钒产品铁含量达1.5%, 需后处理, 经30%氢氧化钠溶液除铁后再次沉钒, 其产品五氧化二钒含量达99%以上, 铁含量在0.1%以下。     

Study on spinel-based inert anode for aluminium electrolysis

1 IntroductionSince the Hall-Heroult process was applied in aluminium production,an inert anode was al ways thetarget that the aluminiumindustry is seeking for in the newtechnology field. The greenhouse gases CO2and the fluoride CFnemittedfromthe present carbon anodes ,give a huge pressure onthe environment .Theapplication of inert anodes will help us go through this trouble :a cell with inert anodes emits oxygen in-stead of CO2and other nocuous gases ;the newtype of cell with inert anodes …     

V2O5掺杂NiFe2O4材料的烧结动力学

研究了V₂O₅掺杂NiFe₂O₄基惰性阳极材料的等温烧结过程和烧结动力学。研究结果表明,NiO-Fe₂O₃和NiO-Fe₂O₃-0.5wt%V₂O₅体系中晶粒生长指数均随温度升高而减小,晶粒生长均主要依赖晶界扩散和体积扩散;2种体系晶粒生长活化能随烧结温度升高而降低;添加V₂O₅有助于降低样品的晶粒生长指数和晶粒生长活化能,起到加速晶粒生长的作用,但控制不当可能导致晶粒异常生长。     

溶剂萃取法从石煤酸浸液中提取V_2O_5的新工艺研究

研究了新型萃取试剂从酸浸液中提取五氧化二钒的新工艺。结果表明:有机相(A)15%+煤油75%+添加剂10%组成的有机溶剂萃取率为99.55%;用80g/L氯化钠作反萃剂,反萃率为98.49%。酸浸液经萃取—反萃后,水相五氧化二钒浓度从9.8g/L富集到115.30g/L,并且主要杂质均被除去,有利于后续提钒工艺地进行。