基于三元金属催化剂制备碳纳米管/三维石墨烯复合材料及电容性能

通过均匀沉淀法合成Ni-Mg-Al三元金属氧化物（TMO）,再通过一步化学气相沉积法（CVD）以CH₄为碳源、Ar为保护性气体,在原位还原的Ni上生长碳纳米管（CNTs）,在Mg和Al的金属氧化物上生长石墨烯（GR）,利用水热法刻蚀掉TMO,制备CNTs/三维石墨烯（3DGR）复合材料。基于CNTs与GR两种组分生长动力学的差异,通过控制Ni、Mg和Al三种金属离子的摩尔比、生长温度、生长时间,调控和优化CNTs/3DGR复合材料的结构及电容性能。借助TEM、SEM、EDS、Raman和XRD对CNTs/3DGR复合材料的结构、形貌、组分进行表征。结果表明,CNTs与GR协同作用为CNTs/3DGR复合材料提供了更多电子运输通道,可大幅提高导电性能,实现电容性能的提升,CNTs/3DGR复合材料的比电容最高可达20 F/g。      

NiS2/三维多孔石墨烯复合材料作为超级电容器电极材料的电化学性能

选用合适的软模板,通过简便的一步溶剂热法成功制备了NiS₂/三维多孔石墨烯（3D rGO）复合材料。利用FESEM、TEM、XPS和电化学工作站对样品的表面形貌、元素价态和电化学性能进行表征。结果表明:制备的NiS₂/3D rGO复合材料存在石墨烯三维堆叠的孔道结构,且具备较大的比表面积,为57.51 m2g-1。电化学测试表明,在1 Ag-1的电流密度下NiS₂/3D rGO复合材料的比电容高达1 116.7 Fg-1,而且当电流密度增加到5 Ag-1时NiS₂/3D rGO复合材料的比电容为832.2 Fg-1,比电容保持率为1 Ag-1时的74.5%。在4 Ag-1电流密度下,经过1 000次循环后,NiS₂/3D rGO复合材料的比电容仍能保持91.2%。因此,NiS₂/3D rGO复合材料可作为一种理想的超级电容器电极材料。      

Preparation and thermal properties of lauric acid/raw fly ash/carbon nanotubes composite as phase change material for thermal energy storage

Abstract

In this study, a novel ternary system form-stable phase change material (FSPCM) composed of lauric acid (LA)/raw fly ash (RFA)/carbon nanotubes (CNT) was prepared via low cost, easy and industrially applicable fabrication process for low-temperature heat storage. Particularly, the unmodified RFA was directly acted as supporting material to prevent the leakage of the melted LA almost at no cost. A series of leakage experiments were performed to evaluate the package efficiency. The maximum mass fraction of LA absorbed in RFA and CNT was found to be 25?wt% without the LA leakage. Hence, the LA/RFA/CNT (25/75/5?wt%) composite was characterized as FSPCM. The chemical structures, microstructure thermal properties and thermal stability of the FSPCM was investigated by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscope (FTIR), scanning electronic microscope (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA). The SEM and FTIR results indicated that LA was adsorbed on the RFA’s surface porous or into the porous structure of CNT. And there was good chemical compatibility among LA, RFA and CNT. The DSC results demonstrated that the phase change temperatures and latent heats of LA/RFA/CNT FSPCM were 45.36?°C and 37.83?J/g for melting and 40.51?°C and 36.48?J/g for freezing, respectively. TGA analysis test revealed that the composite PCM had excellent thermal stability. Moreover, the heat transfer efficiency of LA/RFA/CNT FSPCM has been improved by the addition of RFA and CNT. In short, the LA/RFA/CNT FSPCM has a promising application prospect in low-temperature application due to feasible and in large scale industrial preparation, low-cost, simple and facile process.