POE和mPE增韧木塑复合材料的研究

采用废木粉填充高密度聚乙烯制备木塑复合材料,采用茂金属聚乙烯(mPE)和乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)对复合材料进行增韧,并阐述了它们的增韧机理,讨论了增韧剂用量对复合材料的力学性能如拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量、冲击强度和硬度的影响,综合评价了两种冲击改性剂的增韧效果。研究结果表明:两者对高密度聚乙烯基木塑复合材料均有良好的增韧效果。单就增韧效果而言,POE优于mPE,但在其他性能如拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量、硬度以及耐热性等方面,mPE明显优于POE。     

Influences of ethylene–butylacrylate–glycidyl methacrylate on morphology and mechanical properties of poly(butylene terephthalate)/polyolefin elastomer blends

Elastomer ethylene–butylacrylate–glycidyl methacrylate (PTW) containing epoxy groups were chosen as toughening modifier for poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT)/polyolefin elastomer (POE) blend. The morphology, thermal, and mechanical properties of the PBT/POE/PTW blend were studied. The infrared spectra of the blends proved that small parts of epoxy groups of PTW reacted with carboxylic acid or hydroxyl groups in PBT during melt blending, resulting in a grafted structure which tended to increase the viscosity and interfere with the crystallization process of the blend. The morphology observed by scanning electron microscopy revealed the dispersed POE particles were well distributed and the interaction between POE and PBT increased in the PBT/POE/PTW blends. Mechanical properties showed the addition of PTW could lead to a remarkable increase about 10‐times in impact strength with a small reduction in tensile strength of PBT/POE blends. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed with increasing PTW, the crystallization temperature (T_c) and crystallinity (X_c) decreased while the melting point (T_m) slightly increased. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis spectra indicated that the presence of PTW could improve the compatibility of PBT/POE blends. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40660.     

Morphology and mechanical properties of PP/POE/nano‐CaCO3 composites

The mechanical properties including tensile, flexural, and impact of the nanometer on calcium carbonate (nano‐CaCO₃) filled polypropylene (PP)/poly (ethylene‐co‐octene) (POE) composites were measured at room temperature to identify the effects of the POE content on the mechanical properties. It was found that the Young's modulus, tensile strength, and tensile elongation at break decreased nonlinearly while the tensile fracture strength varied slightly with increasing the POE weight fraction; the V‐notched and unnotched Izod impact fracture strength increased nonlinearly with an increase of the POE weight fraction; the flexural modulus and strength decreased roughly linearly with increasing the POE weight fraction. Furthermore, the impact fracture surface of the specimens was observed by means of a scanning electronic microscope to discuss the toughening mechanisms. POLYM. COMPOS., 37:539–546, 2016. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Brittle-ductile transition in PP/EPDM blends: effect of notch radius

The toughness of polypropylene (PP)/ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) blends was studied over wide ranges of EPDM content and temperature. In order to study the effect of notch radius (R), the toughness of the samples with different notch radii was determined from Izod impact test. The results showed that both toughness and brittle-ductile transition (BDT) of the blends were a function of R, respectively. At test temperatures, the toughness tended to decrease with increasing 1/R for various PP/EPDM blends. Moreover, the brittle-ductile transition temperature (T_BT) increased with increasing 1/R, whereas the critical interparticle distance (ID_c) reduced with increasing 1/R. Finally, it was found that the different curves of ID_c versus test temperature (T) for different notches reduced down to a master curve if plotting ID_c versus T_BT^m-T, where T_BT^m was the T_BT of PP itself for a given notch, indicating that T_BT^m-T was a more universal parameter that determined the BDT of polymers. This conclusion was well in agreement with the theoretical prediction.     

PP／POE汽车保险杠专用料的研制

介绍了聚烯烃弹性体（ＰＯＥ）增韧聚丙烯（ＰＰ）用于汽车保险杠的研究情况。包括ＰＯＥ的结构及其特点,ＰＯＥ用量、填料、过氧化物的ＤＣＰ用量对ＰＰ增韧、强度、热性能的影响。结果表明,ＰＯＥ增韧优于ＥＰＤＭ,研制材料已用于万通和ＣＡＢＳＴＡＲ车型的保险杠。     

过氧化物交联增韧改性PE⁃HD/POE共混物

采用过氧化物交联剂对高密度聚乙烯（PE-HD）/乙烯-辛烯共聚物（POE）共混物进行交联。测试了交联PE-HD/POE的凝胶含量;通过旋转流变仪和差示扫描量热仪（DSC）分析了交联对PE-HD/POE共混物的流变和结晶的影响;表征了拉伸性能和冲击性能;观察了冲击断面的扫描电子显微镜（SEM）照片。结果表明,交联提高了共混物的复数黏度,抑制了其结晶,导致结晶度下降,晶片变薄;当过氧化物交联剂（BIPB）含量为0.3 %（质量分数,下同）时,交联PE-HD/POE的缺口冲击强度达到了61.1 kJ/m²,断裂伸长率超过900 %;交联度低时,交联共混物大部分分子链仍能自由移动,增韧模式为低缠结度产生大变形形成剪切屈服带抵消冲击能量,交联度高时,分子链移动受限,增韧模式为高缠结度产生大量小形变耗散冲击能量,且后者具有更好的增韧效果。     

Preparation of POE Graft Copolymer and Its Application of Toughening Modification for PA6

A series of grafted ethylene-octene copolymers using itaconic acid (ITA) and styrene (St) as grafted monomers (POE-g-ITA, POE-g-(ITA-St)) were prepared via melt grafting technique by twin screw extrusion. The structure of grafted copolymer was characterized by FT-IR. The monomer and initiator concentration and the percent content of St in grafted monomers were also explored in the effect on the graft ratio (GR) and melt flow rate (MFR) of POE-g-ITA. The GR of POE-g-ITA reached 1.36% when when the ratio of POE:ITA:DCP is 94:6:0.36, and the GR of POE-g-(ITA-St) reached 1.44% when the ratio of POE:ITA:St:DCP = 94:3:3:0.18. The compatibilizer POE-g-ITA was introduced into PA6/POE blend by twin screw extrusion. The mechanical properties and morphological structure were investigated. The results revealed that the impact strength of the PA6/POE blend containing 5 phr of POE-g-ITA was enhanced 12.78 times compared with pure PA6. The crystallinity (X _c) of PA6 phase increased gradually when the compatibilizer POE-g-ITA was introduced into PA6/POE blends, although the melting point (T _m) of PA6 phase had no obvious change. The interface between PA6 and POE phase became indistinct and the compatibility was significantly increased.     

聚烯烃弹性体对剑麻纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料性能的影响

为提高剑麻(SF)增强聚丙烯(PP)复合材料的韧性,分别采取乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)和马来酸酐接枝POE(POE-g-MAH)二种弹性体对其进行增韧改性;研究了弹性体和纤维用量的变化对SF/PP/弹性体三元复合体系力学性能的影响及其内在原因。结果表明:POE和POE-g-MAH对剑麻增强聚丙烯复合材料均有良好的增韧效果;仅从增韧效果而言,在弹性体用量较低阶段POE优于POE-g-MAH,但当弹性体增至30%以后,POE-g-MAH则好于POE;在拉伸强度、拉伸模量、弯曲强度及弯曲模量方面,POE-g-MAH均比POE效果更好。     

纳米CaCO3和POE增韧废旧PP复合材料的研究

采用了纳米CaCO3和乙烯-辛烯共聚物（POE）对废旧聚丙烯（PP）进行增韧改性，借助于力学性能测试、SEM和偏光显微镜等观察手段对这一共混体系的增韧机理进行了研究。结果表明，纳米CaCO3和POE对废旧PP具有良好的增韧作用，两者有协同增韧效果；POE对废旧PP的增韧符合剪切屈服理论，纳米CaCO3的增韧机理是诱导PP产生大量的裂纹，形成空穴群，吸收冲击能；废旧PP／POE／纳米CaCO3复合材料的球晶尺寸细化，球晶边界模糊，非晶区域增大，材料的韧性明显提高。     

PP／POE共混合金的研究

ＰＰ／ＰＯＥ共混体系中,ＰＯＥ在ＰＰ连续相中形成均匀的海－岛结构,在ＰＰ粘度相近的ＰＯＤ可形成更加细化的分散相。加入２０份的ＰＯＥ８１８０就可使ＰＰ／ＰＯＥ共混合金发生明显的脆韧转变,ＰＯＥ可在ＰＰ中引发大量银纹,有效提高ＰＰ的常温、低温冲击强度。ＰＯＥ对ＰＰ的屈服强度具有明显的缓降效果。     

rPET/POE/LDPE-g-AA复合材料的制备及性能

以回收聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯( rPET)为基体材料,乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)为增韧材料,丙烯酸接枝低密度聚乙烯( LDPE-g-AA)为增容剂,制备了rPET/POE/LDPE-g-AA复合材料.分析了POE、LDPE-g-AA对rPET 玻璃化转变温度、断面相结构、结晶性能、力学性能的影响.结果表明,加入POE...     

POE改性共聚聚丙烯的性能

采用拉力试验机、差示扫描量热仪及扫描电子显微镜等研究了聚烯烃弹性体(POE)对嵌段共聚聚丙烯的增韧效果,重点考察了不同POE及其用量对共混物力学性能、热性能及微观形貌的影响。结果表明:POE的添加对共聚聚丙烯具有明显的增韧效果,且随着POE用量的增加,增韧效果愈加显著,POE-1,POE-2的增韧效果达到进口POE-A水平。     

r-PET/POE/EAA共混材料性能的研究

以回收聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇(酯r-PET)为基体材料,乙烯-辛烯共聚(物POE)为增韧材料,乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物(EAA)为相容剂,制备了r-PET/POE/EAA共混材料。用DSC、SEM分析了POE及EAA对r-PET结晶性能、断面结构的影响,并测试了共混材料的力学性能。结果表明:加入12%POE后,r-PET/POE共混材料的熔融温度降低了1.76℃,结晶度降低了16.49%,断裂伸长率及缺口冲击强度明显提高,弯曲强度和拉伸强度略有下降;在r-PET/POE共混材料中加入1.5%EAA后,POE球状粒子嵌入r-PET基体中,二者相容性提高,结晶速率加快;与纯r-PET相比,r-PET/POE/EAA共混材料的断裂伸长率和缺口冲击强度分别提高了698.01%和227.45%柔,韧性也大幅度提高。     

Toughening of recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate)/glass fiber blends with ethylene–butyl acrylate–glycidyl methacrylate copolymer and maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene–octene rubber

The aim of this study was to improve the toughness of recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/glass fiber (GF) blends through the addition of ethylene–butyl acrylate–glycidyl methacrylate copolymer (EBAGMA) and maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene–octene (POE‐g‐MAH) individually. The morphology and mechanical properties of the ternary blend were also examined in this study. EBAGMA was more effective in toughening recycled PET/GF blends than POE‐g‐MAH; this resulted from its better compatibility with PET and stronger fiber/matrix bonding, as indicated by scanning electron microscopy images. The PET/GF/EBAGMA ternary blend had improved impact strength and well‐balanced mechanical properties at a loading of 8 wt % EBAGMA. The addition of POE‐g‐MAH weakened the fiber/matrix bonding due to more POE‐g‐MAH coated on the GF, which led to weakened impact strength, tensile strength, and flexural modulus. According to dynamic rheometer testing, the use of both EBAGMA and POE‐g‐MAH remarkably increased the melt storage modulus and dynamic viscosity. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis showed that the addition of EBAGMA lowered the crystallization rate of the PET/GF blend, whereas POE‐g‐MAH increased it. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Property transitions in high‐density polyethylene/maleated poly(ethylene–octene)/calcium carbonate ternary composites

Ternary composites of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)/maleated poly(ethylene–octene) (POE‐g)/calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) were prepared by the melt extrusion process. Crystallization behavior investigation and mechanical properties study showed that there existed a transition in both crystallization temperature (T_c) and impact strength of ternary composites. These transitions were attributed to the development of morphology, with variation of concentration of POE‐g in ternary composites. The strength of interfacial adhesion also influenced the property transitions. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3361–3366, 2006     

Tertiary-amine-terminated polybutadiene and butadiene acrylonitrile: Synthesis and application in the modification of epoxy resins

Two tertiary-amine-terminated liquid rubbers (TATPB and TATBN) containing polybutadiene and butadiene acrylonitrile are successfully synthesized and used in the modification of epoxy networks. By taking advantage of the flexibility of rubbers, the toughness of epoxy resin has been significantly improved. The addition of 60 phr TATPB and TATBN increased the impact strength of epoxy resins from 12.2 to 59.8 and 92.0 KJ/m², respectively. Meanwhile, due to the dual role of tertiary amine of TATPB and TATBN in catalysis and curing for epoxies, their T_g values shifted from 87.7 to 102.0 and 95.7°C, respectively. TATPB with a smaller polarity improves the toughness of the epoxy resin slightly less than TATBN with a larger polarity, but the former is more effective in increasing the T_g values. This study demonstrates a novel strategy to enhance the toughness of epoxy composites as well as improve the high temperature resistance by designing the end-structure of toughening agents.     

Synergistic toughening effects of nucleating agent and ethylene–octene copolymer on polypropylene

The synergistic toughening effect of nucleating agent (NA) and ethylene–octene copolymer (POE) on polypropylene was studied in the present work. Two different nucleating agents, such as α-form nucleating agent 1,3 : 2,4-bis (3,4-dimethylbenzylidene) sorbitol (DMDBS, Millad 3988) and β-form nucleating agent aryl amides compounds (TMB-5), were selected to blend with PP or PP/POE blends, respectively. The results show that PP containing 0.5–0.25 wt % DMDBS or 0.5–0.25 wt % TMB-5 has relatively low impact strength. For PP/POE blends, although the impact strength increases gradually with the increasing of POE content, high content of POE is needed to obtain the available PP toughness. However, once nucleating agent and POE are simultaneously added into PP, PP/POE/NA blends show great improvement of toughness even at low POE content. Furthermore, the synergistic toughening effect of POE/TMB-5 is more apparent than that of POE/DMDBS. SEM results show that whether DMDBS or TMB-5 has no apparent effect on the morphologies of POE in the PP/POE/NA blends. Further investigations using DSC and POM indicate that both DMDBS and TMB-5 induce the apparent enhancement of the crystallization temperature of PP and the sharp decrease of spherulites size of PP in the PP/POE/NA blends. The possible synergistic toughening mechanism is discussed in the work. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

PA6/POE/SWR-3A超韧共混改性的研究

采用SWR-3A（POE—g—MAH）作为增容剂,研究了POE对PA6／POE／SWR-3A共混物的力学性能、耐热性和流变性能的影响。结果表明：在12．5份增容剂SWR-3A存在的条件下,随着POE 8150用量增大,共混物的缺口冲击强度不断增大,而拉伸强度、维卡耐热温度、表观粘度降低。当POE 8150用量超过12．5份时,共混物达到超韧。在PA6／POE／SWR-3A共混体系中,SWR-3A具有增容和增韧的双重作用。     

POE、EPDM增韧尼龙66产品的制备与研究

聚酰胺66是无色透明半结晶型热塑性聚合物,吸湿性大,具有较好的机械强度;耐强碱,耐有机溶剂,溶于酚类和甲酸中。但是尼龙66的吸湿性大,抗冲击性不强,韧性不稳定。经研究接枝POE、EPDM对聚酰胺66有很好的增韧作用。因此文章重点阐述了POE、EPDM的接枝聚合工艺及其配方,提高了POE、EPDM与聚酰胺66的相容性,达到增韧聚酰胺66的作用,扩大了产品的应用领域。     

Structure and properties of PP/POE/HDPE blends

This work was aimed to counteract the effect of ethylene‐α‐olefin copolymers (POE) by reinforcing the polypropylene (PP)/POE blends with high density polyethylene (HDPE) particles and, thus, achieved a balance between toughness and strength for the PP/POE/HDPE blends. The results showed that addition of HDPE resulted in an increasing wide stress plateau and more ductile fracture behavior. With the increase of HDPE content, the elongation at break of the blends increased rapidly without obvious decrease of yield strength and Young's modulus, and the notched izod impact strength of the blends can reach as high as 63 kJ/m² at 20 wt % HDPE loading. The storage modulus of PP blends increased and the glass transition temperature of each component of the blends shifted close to each other when HDPE was added. The crystallization of HDPE phase led to an increase of the total crystallinity of the blend. With increasing HDPE content, the dispersed POE particle size was obviously decreased, and the interparticle distance was effectively reduced and the blend rearranged into much more and obvious core‐shell structure. The fracture surface also changed from irregular striation to the regularly distant striations, displaying much obvious character of tough fracture. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011