不同晶粒尺寸5083铝合金晶间腐蚀和应力腐蚀开裂的差异性

通过冷轧和退火获得具有不同晶粒尺寸(8.7～79.2μm)的5083铝合金板.研究其微观结构、晶间腐蚀(IGC)、应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)和裂纹扩展行为.结果表明,粗晶粒样品表现出更好的抗IGC性能,其腐蚀深度为15μm.慢应变速率测试结果表明,细晶粒样品表现出更好的抗SCC性能,敏感性指数ISSRT为11.2％.此外,...     

A5083P-O铝合金MIG焊接接头组织及疲劳性能研究

A5083铝合金为Al-Mg系防锈型铝合金,不可热处理强化,塑性较好,但强度较低,其耐蚀性和焊接性良好,退火状态时切削加工性较差。研究4 mm厚度A5083P-O MIG焊接接头的组织、硬度及其疲劳强度,发现接头的焊缝组织主要是以细小的枝晶为主,熔合线靠母材侧为垂直于熔合线的细长柱状晶粒。焊接接头各区域硬度值为70~80 HV,热影响区的软化现象不明显。接头的条件疲劳强度能够达到95 MPa。     

非恒温电解液中AA5083Al-Mg合金阳极氧化膜的制备及其耐蚀性

采用硼酸-硫酸-草酸电解液在铝合金表面制备有序多孔层,研究阳极氧化过程中电流随时间的变化,分析界面反应并计算膜层的生长效率。采用扫描电子显微镜、交流阻抗和动电位极化曲线研究膜层的微结构及其在不同温度环境下的耐蚀性。结果表明：在氧化层界面双离子层浓度的增大有利于提高膜层的生长效率。所制备的阳极氧化膜厚度为8-9μm,孔径为10-14 nm,膜层的微观形貌受金属基体组织结构的影响较大。在沸水封闭后膜层为分层结构,表面呈细片状。氧化膜层封闭后能够明显降低试样的自腐蚀电流密度,且耐蚀性随着环境温度的升高而具有更好的稳定性。     

Cu/Ti在模拟海水中的电偶腐蚀行为(英文)

采用电化学阻抗谱、电化学噪声和扫描电镜等技术研究了纯铜、铜/钛耦合电极在模拟海水中的腐蚀行为。结果表明:纯铜的腐蚀过程分2个阶段,其腐蚀阻抗和点蚀参数SE均遵循先增后降的规律,而其腐蚀参数SG的变化规律则正好相反;铜/钛耦合电极的腐蚀过程则由3个阶段组成,其腐蚀阻抗和点蚀参数SE均遵循先降后升到最后再降的规律,而其腐蚀参数SG则同样反向变化。铜和钛之间的电势差加速了纯铜的点蚀萌生,同时铜/钛耦合电极的腐蚀电位总是正于纯铜的腐蚀电位。     

The degradation of corrosion resistance for Al 5083 alloy after thermal and superplastic forming processes

Corrosion behavior, particularly the intergranular corrosion susceptibility of a superplastic Al 5083 alloy (denoted as Al 5083S) and a non-superplastic Al 5083 alloy (denoted as Al 5083N) with various thermal processes and a superplastic forming process, has been systematically evaluated. The nitric acid mass loss test (NAMLT) according to ASTM G 67 indicated that the weight loss of Al 5083S was larger than that of Al 5083N, which was due to the finer grain size in the former alloy. It also showed that superplastically formed specimens of Al 5083S and the specimens of Al 5083S and Al 5083N treated with the same thermal process as the superplastically formed specimens suffered from severe intergranular corrosion. The serious intergranular corrosion of these specimens was attributed to the formation of continuous β (Mg₂Al₃) precipitates at grain boundaries, i.e., the sensitization effect. Such a detrimental effect can be eliminated by a postforming annealing treatment at 345 °C for 1 h. Furthermore, electrochemical measurements in a 3.5 wt.%NaCl solution also revealed that the sensitized specimens possessed more active corrosion potential (E_corr), breakdown potential (E_b), and protection potential (E_pp), as well as higher corrosion current density (i_corr) and passive current density (i_p), than those of the as-received specimens. Experimental results also showed that the corrosion resistance of the superplastically formed specimen was the worst among all specimens, which was attributed to the formation of cavities during the superplastic forming in addition to the sensitization effect caused by the thermal processing. The influences of both detrimental effects on the corrosion resistance of the Al 5083 specimens were also discussed.     

轨道车辆车体5083铝合金焊接接头低温服役性能研究

随着中国轨道车辆行业的快速发展,轨道车体铝合金焊接接头在各种环境条件下的服役性能越来越受到关注,研究铝合金焊接接头低温服役性能对于高速列车服役安全及确保高速列车车体设计具有重要意义。针对A5083P-O铝合金焊接接头开展了金相组织观察、硬度测试及不同低温条件(常温、-25℃、-40℃、-50℃)下的拉伸试验、弯曲试验及疲劳强度试验。试验结果表明:(1)接头抗拉强度随着温度的降低有所提高;(2)接头在各个温度条件下的疲劳强度差别不大,这是由于焊接接头中存在微小气孔,使得温度对疲劳强度的影响不是很明显。     

Effect of galvanic corrosion between precipitate and matrix on corrosion behavior of As-cast magnesium-aluminum alloys

In the present study, the corrosion behavior of an as-cast magnesium alloy was studies focusing on the galvanic corrosion between a precipitate and Mg-rich matrix. Through immersion and electrochemical tests, the variation of the corrosion behavior with the alloy composition and alloy system was discussed in detail. The corrosion rate of an as-cast alloy increased abruptly to 9 wt.% Al in both alloys, but in the composition range of over 12 wt.% Al, the corrosion rate reveals a different tendency than the alloy system. The β-phase that is a typical precipitate in an Mg-xAl alloy is a more potent cathodic phase than is the ternary precipitate in a Mg-xAl-LZn alloy. In the case of the Mg-xAl alloy, the formation of a galvanic cell between the precipitate and matrix promotes the preferred dissolution of the matrix, but the precipitate in the Mg-xAl-lZn alloy has a minor effect on the corrosion behavior of the Mg-rich matrix. However, the corrosion rate of as-cast Mg-xAl and Mg-xAl-lZn alloys which contain precipitate, depends mainly upon the corrosion behavior of the Mg-rich matrix, which is influenced by the Al content. It depends additionally upon the variation of the Anode-Cathode Area Ratio (ACAR) and the chunk breakage of precipitate during corrosion.     

AM60镁合金与铜合金及铝合金偶接后的大气腐蚀行为

研究了AM60铸造镁合金与H62铜合金、LY12铝合金组成的电偶对在北京地区室外曝晒3个月和6个月后的大气电偶腐蚀行为及规律.结果表明:镁合金始终是电偶对中的阳极,当其与H62铜合金和LY12铝合金偶接时,其腐蚀速率增加1～7倍;镁合金与H62铜合金偶合后,其大气电偶腐蚀效应大于其与LY12铝合金组成的电偶对的大气电偶腐蚀效应;在6个月的实验周期内,随着曝晒时间的延长,镁合金在北京地区大气环境中的电偶腐蚀效应呈上升趋势;试样表面润湿时间短是造成AM60镁合金在北京曝晒第一个实验周期(2003.12～2004.2)的电偶腐蚀低于第二个由实验周期(2004.3～2004.5)的主要原因;北京地区高自然降尘量对镁合金电偶腐蚀将起到加速的作用.     

The galvanic effect of high-strength weathering steel welded joints and its influence on corrosion resistance

ABSTRACT

The influence of the galvanic effects on the welded joints of A710 high-strength weathering steel with two different weld metals (80Ni1-H4 and WER70) under a simulated marine atmospheric environment was investigated by employing Scanning Kelvin Probe (SKP), galvanic current measurements, cyclic wet/dry accelerated corrosion testing, Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and other approaches. The results indicate that the average galvanic currents for the HAZ-BM and HAZ-WM couples of the two welded joints initially decreased and then gradually stabilised, which is related to the formation of a stable rust layer. In addition, the WER70 welded joints presented a higher average corrosion rate than for the 80Ni1-H4 welded joints. The significant galvanic effect of the WER70 welded joints and the formation of a compact rust layer are the dominant effects during the initial and later corrosion stages, respectively.     

5083铝合金弯头冷推弯数值模拟及试验研究

为成形高质量的5083铝合金弯头管件,采用有限元数值模拟方法对冷推弯过程进行了工艺模拟,模拟过程中研究了推制速度以及摩擦系数对成形质量的影响规律,并根据模拟结果对弯头进行了实际冷成形制备研究.结果表明,推制速度为4 mm·s-1、摩擦系数为0.06是优化的成形工艺参数.实际冷成形结果与模拟结果较为吻合.研究表明,控制推...     

Characterization of atmospheric corrosion in Al/Ag lap joints

Lap joints fabricated using Al2024T3/commercially pure Ag sheet couples with nylon fasteners were exposed to standard field tests in a tropical marine atmosphere for a total period of six months. Atmospheric conditions were recorded using a weather monitoring station. Simultaneously, samples were also exposed in a salt spray chamber according to ASTM B117 and GM 9540P standards. Corrosion data was obtained for monthly intervals for both field and laboratory samples. Weight loss, pitting characteristics and the nature of the corrosion products were evaluated. Corrosion mechanisms based on the observed atmospheric corrosion phenomena are proposed.     

Corrosion and optimum corrosion protection potential of friction stir welded 5083-O Al alloy for leisure ship

Electrochemical tests were undertaken to determine the optimum conditions in seawater for corrosion protection of friction stir-welded 5083-O Al alloy. Polarization trend observations show that the limiting potential that avoids the effects of hydrogen embrittlement is −1.6 V, corresponding to the crossover point between concentration polarization and activation polarization. However, the optimum protection potential is between −1.5 and −0.7 V since the current density at these values is low in the potentiostatic tests. When a galvanic cell is formed in the seawater, the welds exhibit electrochemically stable trends. Welded parts in galvanic tests with various area ratios are stable and have excellent anticorrosion characteristics.     

ECAP挤压对5083铝合金组织与力学性能的影响

研究了5083铝合金等通道转角挤压(ECAP)的室温拉伸性能.结果表明:5083铝合金经100℃、16道次ECAP挤压后,晶粒明显细化且第二相均匀弥散分布,合金的强度提高至480MPa;200℃、16道次ECAP挤压后,合金强度有所下降(约380MPa),但塑性显著改善(伸长率16％以上);降低ECAP挤压温度、增加挤压道次可获得更高的挤压硬化和细晶强化效果,在100℃ECAP挤压和200℃退火同样可提高该合金的抗拉强度和塑性变形能力.     

WC_p/2024Al基复合材料的腐蚀机理

采用动电位阳极极化法对体积分数为11.4%WCp/2024Al基复合材料及其基体合金在3.5%NaCl水溶液中的耐蚀性能进行研究。结果表明,由于WC颗粒的加入,提高了WCp/2024Al基复合材料的腐蚀速度。通过对恒电位极化后试样观察发现,WCp/2024Al基复合材料腐蚀机理为富Cu相作为阴极区与其周围的贫Cu区作为阳极区构成电偶腐蚀以及WC颗粒与基体间的协同腐蚀作用。这种双重的电偶腐蚀致使复合材料腐蚀速度加快。     

SiCp/Al复合材料在Cl~-作用下初期腐蚀行为

通过室内浸泡模拟实验方法,采用扫描Kelvin探针技术研究了SiCp/Al复合材料在Cl~-介质下初期腐蚀行为。结果表明,SiC颗粒与Al基体界面结合处是复合材料在Cl~-介质下初期腐蚀的优先发生位置,Cl~-和界面相是促进初期腐蚀发展的主要原因。随腐蚀的不断进行,复合材料先形成钝化膜,表面电位先整体正移,后钝化膜破损,表面电位整体负向移动。复合材料初期腐蚀过程表现为其钝化膜形成和逐渐破损的腐蚀特征,腐蚀产物主要为Al(OH)_3、Al_2O_3和AlCl_3。     

Anode characteristics of Al/Ti galvanic couple in a salt spray environment

The galvanic corrosion behavior of a 2A12 aluminum alloy and a Ti‐15‐3 titanium alloy in a salt spray environment was investigated. The results indicated that the galvanic effect accelerated the dissolution rate of the anodes significantly; however, the corrosion of the anode was not uniform. The region adjacent to the coupled joint experienced the most significant corrosion, with galvanic corrosive action emerging as dominant. The corrosion of the region distant from the joint was slight and was dominated by the self‐corrosion process. A new model for the current difference distribution of the galvanic couple was established to illuminate the nonuniform corrosion phenomenon of the anode.     

Micro‐electrochemical characterization of galvanic corrosion of TA2/316L composite plate

Galvanic corrosion behavior of TA2/316L composite plate was investigated in the solution of 3.5 wt% NaCl by galvanic potential monitoring, scanning localized electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (LEIS) and scanning vibrating micro‐electrode (SVME) techniques. The results demonstrated that the pitting corrosion resistance of 316L for the galvanic combination sample is lower, and the coupled current density is higher than for the single 316L sample. It indicates that the galvanic action works on the corrosion behavior of the TA2 titanium alloy/316L stainless steel galvanic combination in sodium chloride solution. The galvanic effect width was determined as 1500 µm.